Kingdom Kingdom ProtistaProtista

Protist CharacteristicsProtist Characteristics200,000 species come in different shapes, sizes, and colors

All are eukaryoteseukaryotes – have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Most are aerobic and single celled

All live in a moist environment

Kingdom Kingdom ProtistaProtistaProtists are grouped into three major phyla based on their nutritional needs.1.Animal-like, the protozoa2.Plant-like, the algae3.Fungus-like, the moulds

11. Animal-Like: The . Animal-Like: The ProtozoansProtozoans

HeterotrophsHeterotrophs – they ingest or absorb other organisms or dead organic matter

UnicellularUnicellularCClassified based on how they move and where they live:

A) FlagellatesB) PseudopodsC) Cilates D) Sporozoans, primarily parasites

1A) Flagellates: the 1A) Flagellates: the motorboatsmotorboats

Also called zooflagellatesFree-living in fresh water or marine habitatsHave a whip-like extension called a flagellaflagella

to move

Some cause diseases, including:

Giardia lamblia, which causes upset stomachs and diarrhea.

Trichomonas foetus : cow disease

Trichomonas vaginalis: an STD

1B) Pseudopods: the blobs1B) Pseudopods: the blobsMost are free living, also called

sarcodinesNo cell wallMove using pseudopodspseudopods – plasma

extensionsEngulf bits of food by phagocytosis which

involves flowing around and over food particles

Reproduce by binary fission

View http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsYpngBG394Phagocytosis http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeuL3HPfeQw&feature=related

1C) Ciliates: the hairy ones1C) Ciliates: the hairy ones

Live in both fresh water and marine habitats.

Move by beating tiny hairs called cilia.cilia.

Typically reproduce via binary Typically reproduce via binary fission, but can also reproduce fission, but can also reproduce sexually by conjugationsexually by conjugation

1D) S1D) Sporozoans: the parasitesporozoans: the parasites Non-motileNon-motile - Do not move on their own.Must live inside a hosthostOne type causes malariamalariahttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olc/dl/120090/bio44.swfhttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olc/dl/120090/bio44.swf

Malaria in red blood cells

2. Plant-Like: The Algae2. Plant-Like: The Algae• Autotrophic - photosynthetic• Can be unicellular, multicellular or live in colonies• There are four main groups:

A)AlgaeB)EuglenaC) DiatomsD) Dinoflagellates

2A)Algae2A)AlgaeAre either unicellular or Are either unicellular or multicellularmulticellular

Are photosyntheticAre photosyntheticEach has chlorophyllchlorophyllCan be red, green or Can be red, green or brownbrown

No roots, stems, or leaves

2B) Euglena2B) EuglenaAquaticMove around like animals

Photosynthetic in lightHeterotrophic in darkReproduce asexually by binary fission

2C) Diatoms2C) DiatomsHave shells made of silica, so are glass-like

Photosynthetic pigment called carotenoidscarotenoids – give them a golden color

http://www.canadiannaturephotographer.com/microscope.html

2D) Dinoflagellates2D) Dinoflagellates

Spin around using two flagella

Responsible for Red TidesCreate toxins that can kill animals and sometimes people

3. Fungus-Like: The Moulds3. Fungus-Like: The Moulds• Heterotrophic - feed on dead plants and animals• Live in cool, damp habitats• Have cell walls• Reproduce with spores•There are two main groupsa)Slime Mouldsb)Water Moulds

That’s AllThat’s All

ReferencesReferences

http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/lcsyellowpages/tickit/carl/protists.html