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Booher, David E.Citizen Participation in Planning: SelectedInterdisciplinary Bibliography. Exchange BibliographyNo. 718.Council of Planning Librarians, Monticello, Ill.Jan 7522p.; Exchange Bibliography No. 718Council of Planning Librarians, P. O. Box 229,Monticello, Illinois 61856 ($2.00)

MF-$0.76 HC-$1.58 PLUS POSTAGE*Bibliographies; *Citizen Participation;*Interdisciplinary Approach; *Planning; *PublicPolicy

ABSTRACTThis bibliography is an inventory of relevant

materials in planning and related disciplines. It draws on researchand theoretical perspectives from planning literature, economics,political science, psychology, public administration, and sociology.Section one suggests references that offer general and theoreticalperspectives useful in the development of research frameworks.Section two contains selected references to empirical research andcase studies that may provide useful background. Section three listsreferences that focus on research in other countries. (Author /MLF)

Council of Planning Librarians EXCHANGE BIBLIOGRAPHY

January 1975 1-.14 TV. NT OF HEALTHCNd WELFARE

iNS7ITUTE OF,t.CATION

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718

CITIZEN PARTICI!'ATION IN PLANNING: Selected InterdisciplinaryBibliography

David E. BooherResearch Center, Graduate School of PlanningUniversity of Tennessee

Mrs. Mary Vance, EditorPost Office Box 229Monticello, Illinois 61856

LI:chant,e LibliographyI

PL.1'1,111TG:

.33LECT.,D LIZLIOGRk_PHY

by

David E. BooherResearch Center

Graduate Schodl of PlanningUniversity of Tennessee

LYqppucricg.

Citizen involvement in public policy formation has beena topic of concern in scholarly research since political

theorists turned their attention to it in earlier centuries.hore recently, citizen participation has became a topic ofinterest not only for academicians but for public policypractioners as well. Planners in particular seem to bevitally concerned with the importance of citizen participationin the planning process. Perhaps one element of this concernis the recognition that plans created without meaningfulcitizen input may be greeted with apathy or even open hostility.gut an equally important element is a relatively recentsensitivity to the need fir the planning process to reflectthe values of those for whom the planning is accomplished.

Russell Train, the Administrator of the EnvironmentalProtection 1.gency, recently discussed the cruci al issuesfacing Lmerica in a speech before the iuuerican Associationfor the Axancement of Scienee. He suggested two needs whichmust be met if the issues are to be resolved.

'IAA all levels of government, we need first, tostrengthen our ability to assess problems andprograms not simply in isolation, but in theirinterrelationships; not simply over the short-run, but over the longer span of 10 or 20 or 30years; and second, to devise ways of keepingcitizens abreast and involved in these longer-rake analyses and, on the basis of these, indeveloping and deciding upon basic plans andpriorities as well as strategies for achievingthem.-*

4WI1he quality of Growth.li ;3ciailce, CXXCIV, June 19 4, 1052.

2. CPL Exchange Bibliography 0718

Given the nature of these needs, it seems significantthat Nr. Train focused upon them at a meeting of non-planners.Yet, while rapid technological advances seem to be makingadvances toward meeting the first need, little in the form ofsubstantive accomplishments has been realized in the second.By-and-large planners and others still must rely primarilyupon intuition and political "instinct" in efforts to involvecitizens in the planning process. And while numerous generalperspectives and limited case studies are being reported inthe literature and at professional conferences, apparentlyno systematic research efforts are being directed at thisimportant need.

Perhaps a first step toward such a Systematic effort isinventory of relevant materials in planning and relateddisciplines. That is the purpose of this bibliography. Itdraws upon research and theoretical perspectives not only fromplanning literature, but also from economics, politicalscience, psychology, public administration, and sociology.Section one suggests references which offer general andtheoretical perspectives that may be useful in the developmentof frameworks to help guide research. Section two suggestsselected references to empirical research and case studiesthat may provide useful background. And section three suggestsreferences which focus upon research in other countries.

A brief note on selection criteria seems appropriate.With the exception of particularly noteworthy works orsignificant works which have escaped attention, selectionof entries has been limited to comparatively recent works.Past exchange bibliographies should be consulted for earliersources. Selection of entries has also been guided by theimportance of research in related fields. Rather thanproviding an exhaustive selection from one field, the compilerhas attempted to include a typical sample from severalliteratures. Reference to these sources will help guide thereader toward additional sources. In addition, the followingrelated Council of Planning Librarian Exchange Bibliographiesmay prove helpful: Numbers 5, 72, 76, 125, 187, 208, 210-211,246, 258, 268, 396, and 559.

3. CPL Bcchange Bibliography #718

I. THEOMICAL AND GEVIIAL PERSPECTIVES

Abrahamsson, Bengt. "Homans on Exchange." American Journalof Sociology., LXXVI, September 1970, 273-283:

Allutto, Joseph 4. and James A. Belasco. "A Typology forParticipation in OrganizationL1 Decision Making."1.dministrative Science Quarterly, XVII, March 1972.

Arnold, John E. "People Involvement: Participation toRestore Confidence." Public Management, LIII, September1971, 11.

Arnstein, Serry R. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation."Journal of the 14Jnerican Institute of Planners, XXXV,July 3369;716-22/4.

Bachrach, Peter and Morton S. Baratz. Power and PovertyjThem and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press,1970.

Bonfield, Edward C. Political Influence. New York: FreePress, 1961.

. The Unheavenly City. Boston: Little, brown, 1970.

Barker, Michael B. "Advocacy and ;.ins Architects." Journalof the American Institute of Architects LIV, July 1970, 54.

Barnard, Chester I. The Functions of the Executive.Cambridge: Harvard University Press,W

Baskin, Darryl. "American Pluraliaa: Theory, Practice, andIdeology." Journal of Politics, XXXII, February 1970,71-95.

Berelson, Bernard R. "Democratic Practice and DemocraticTheory." Public Opinion and Public Polio". Edited byMormon Luttbeg. Homewood, Illinois: The Dorcey Press,1968.

Bettelheim, Bruno. The Informed Heart: Autonomy in a Mass1123. New York: Free Press 190.

Blau, Peter M. Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 19614.

Bolle, Arnold N. "Public Participation and EnvironmentalQuality." Natural Resources Journal, XI, July 1971,497-506.

14. CPL Exchange Bibliography / /718

Bonjean, Charles N., Terry Clark and Robert L. Lineberry, edo,CommunitypaliticaLILBehavioral Approach. New York:The Free Press, 1971.

Booher, David E. "A Theory of Participatory Planning."

Unpublished M.S.P. Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1974.

Bresnick, David. "Decentralizing the City: Who GetsControl?" National Civic Review, LXII, October 1973,146-1493..

Brooks: Bichael P. Social Plantlys and Cit Plannin .

Planning Advisory Service Report Ho. 2 1. Chicago:American Society of Planning Officials. September 1970.

Browne, Ivore. "Why Community Participation?" AdministrationXXI, Spring 1973, 41-44.

Buchanan, James M. and Gordon Tullock. The Calculus ofConsent. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1962.

Burke, D. Barlow, Howard H. Foster and Peter H. Nash. "UrbanPublic Policy Participation Networks." Urban and SocialChanseppview, III, Spring 1970, 15-19.

Burke, Edmund Ni. "Citizen Participation Strategies." Journalof the American Institute of Planners, XXXIV, September196B, 287-293.

Cartwright, Dorwin. "Achieving Change in People: SomeApplications of Group Dynamics Theory." el.;_a,tHlmanRdons

IV, No. 4, 1951, 387.

ed. Studies in Social Power. Ann Arbor:Institute for Social Research, 19

Chatterjee, Pranab and Raymond k. Koleski. "The Conceptsof Community and Community Organization: A Review."Social Work, XV, July 1970, 82-92.

Cheney, Ruth. "Advocacy Planning: What It Is How ItWorks." Progressive Architecture, XLIV, September 1968.

Coleman, James S. Ccamunity Conflict. Hew fork: The FreePress, 1957.

Conn, Paul H. "Social Pluralism and Democracy." AmericanJournal of Political Science, XVII, May 1973, 213-236.

Cunningham, James V. "Citizen Participation in PublicAffairs." Public Administration Review XXXII, October1972, 589-652.--

5. CPL rachange Bibliography 016

Dahl, Robert A. "The Analysis of Influence in Local Ccmmunitie:l."SociE.' Science and Community Ac :ion. Edited by CharlesAdrian. East Lansing: Institute for Community Developmentand Services, 1960.

. E2L.ya re Participation and Cpposition. NewHaven: Yale University Press, 1971.

. Preface to Democratic Theom. Chicago: Universityof Chicago Press, 1956.

Davidoff, Paul. "Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning."Journal of the American Institute of Planners, XXXI,Hovember 1965, 331-337.

and Linda Davidoff. "Commentary: Underlyinghssumptions of Advocacy Planning." Journal of theAmerican Institute of Planners, XL, January 1974, 39, 46.

and Thomas Reiner. hi. Choice Theory of Planning."Journal of the American Institute of Planners, X11IX,Kay 1962, 103-115.

Davies, J. Clarence. igloodsareiborlanenewal. NewYork: Columbia University Press, 19 .

Dixon, Robert G. "nebuilding the Urban Political System:Some Heresies Concerning Citizen Participation, CommunityAction, Metros, and One-Man-One Vote." Georgetown LawJournal LVIII, March-Kay 1970, 955-988.

Downs, Anthony. An Economic Theory of Democres/. New York:Harper and Row, 1967.

Durkheim, Emile. The Division of Labour in Societe. Glencoe:Free Press, 197.

Easton, David. The Political System. New York: Knopf, 1953.

. "Some Limits of Exchange Theory in Politics."Socic3,21LALIrgula, LII, Nos. 3-4, 1972, 129-148.

A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 19-116-5..

Elazar, Daniel J. "Community Self-Government and the Crisisof American Politics." Ethics, XXCII, January 1971, 91-106.

Fowler, Glenn. "Panel Asks Study of City Planning." New YorkTimes, February 3, 1974, 56.

Frederickson, H. George, ed. Neighborhood Control in the1970's; Politicst Administration and Citizen Participation.New York: Chandler Publishing Co., 1973.

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6. ca Ed-cchange Bibliography 018

Friedmann, John. The Public Interest an-1.ICommurity Interest."Journal of the American Institute of Planners,January 1973, 2, 4-7.

. Retrackin.7 America: A Theory of TransactivePlanning. Garden City: Anc: or Press/Doubleday, 1973.

and Barclay Hudson. "Knowledge and Action: Guideto Planning Theory." Journal of the American Instituteof Planner!, XL, January 3T74,2-716.

Goodman, Hobert. After the Planners. New York: AmonSchuster, 1971.

Grove, J. L. and S. C. Proctor. "Citizen Participation."Journal of the Town Planning Institute., LII, December1966, 269-276.

Haefele, 3thain T. Representative Government and EnvironmentalManagement. Baltimore: Published for Resources for theFuture by Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974.

Hampton, William and Jeffrey J. Chapman. "Toward NeighbourhoodCouncils." The Political Quarterly, :III, July-September1971, 247-25$:.

Sane, John D. "The Independence Plan for NeighborhoodCouncils: Participation by the Middle Class." MidwestReview of Public Adrdnistration, VII, July 1973, 155-162.

Hanson, doyc e . "Toward a Hew Urban Democracy: MetropolitanConsolidation and Decentralization." Georgetown LawJournal, LVIII, March-May 1970, 863-900.

Hart, David K. "Theories of Government Related toDecentralization and Citizen Participation." Publicks.dministration Revisr., XXXII, October 1972, 60521.

Henderson, Hazel. "Information and the New Movements forCitizen Participation." Annals of the American Academyof Political and Social Science, CCCCXII, March 197..4 314-h3.

Herbert, Adam U. "Management Under Conditions of Decentralizationand Citizen Participation." Public Administrationaeviewo LCXII, October 1972, UT-637.

Hetherington, J .11.0 . "Community Participation: A CriticalReview." Law and Contemporary Problems, MCXVI , Winter1971, 13-3E

Hofstadter, Richard. American Political Tradition. NewYork: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 191f.

7. CPL Exchange Bibliography #718

Homans, George C. Social Behavior. Pew York: Harcourt,Brace and Uorld, 19Z-17

"Social Behavior as Exchange." American Journalof Socidlogy, LXIII, September 1958,

Kafoglis, iiadelyn L. "Equality of Cpportunity in Decision?-faking." American Journal of andXXIX, January 1970, 1-17.

Kaplan, Marshall. "Advocacy and the Poor." Journal of theAmerican Institute of Planners XXX)i, March 3J6979-6:101.

Kariel, Henry. The Decline of American Pluralism. Stanford:Stanford University Pre. 1901.

Kaufman, Arnold S. "Human Nature and Participatory Democracy."The Etas of Pluralism. Edited by William E. Connally.New York: Atherton Press, 1969.

Key, V. O. Public Opinion and American Democracy. NewYork: Alfred A. Knopf, 19-617

with Milton C. Cummings. The Re onsibleElectorate. New York: Vintage Books, 19 .

Xornhauser lantern. Politics of Mass Society. Glencoe:Free Press, 1959.

Kotler, Tilton. Neighborhood Government: The Local Foundationsof Political Life. Indianapolis: Bobbs-herrill Company,

Kreps, Gary it. and Dennis E. Wenger. "Toward a Theory ofCommunity Conflict: Factors Influencing the Initiationand Scope of Conflict." Sociologeal Quarterly,Spring 1973, 158-174.

Larson, Calvin, Jr. and Philo C. IJasburn. Power Partici ationand Ideology, New York! DavidlicKey 19 .

Levi-Strauss, Claude. "The Principle of Reciprocity."Sociological Theory. Edited by Lewis A. Coser andBernard Rosenberg. New York: Lacmillan, 1951.

Lindenfield F. "Economic Interest and Political Involvement."Public Opinion Quartekly, XXIIX, Spring 1964, 104-111.

Upset, Seymour 1. Political Man: The Social Basis ofPolitics. Garden City: Doubleday and Company, 1962.

8. CPL Exchange Bibliography #718

Long, Huey 13., :,:obert C. Anderson and Jon A. Alubaugh.broaches to ConnuniIyl_Llvelopment. Iowa City:National University ctension Association and AmericanCollege Testing Program, 1973.

Long, Horton. "The Local Community as an Ecology of Games."hmerican Journal of Sociology., LXVI, November 1958,21-2-561.

Harris, Peter and Martin Rein. Dilemma of Social Reform.London: Atherton, 1967.

Martin, Roscoe. Grass Roots: Rural Democraci in America.Second edition. New York: Harper and Row, Inc., 1964.

Mazziotti, Donald F. "The Underlying Assrmptions of AdvocacyPlanning: Pluralism and Reform." Journal of theAmerican Institute of Planners, XL, January 1974, 38, 40-47.

Meeker, B. F. "Decisions and Exchange." American s1Review, XXXVI, June 1971, 485-495.

Merton, nobert K. Social Theory and Social Structures.Second edition. Glencoe: Free Press, 1957.

Hiller, S. H. and Martin Rein. "Participation, Poverty andAdministration." Public Administration Review, =EX,January 1969, 15-24.

iioon, J. Donald. "Participation and Democracy: A ReviewEssay." Midwest Journal of Politics, XVI, August 3.972.

Morrison, Larry P. "Toward Improving the Process of CitizenParticipation." Paper presented at the 56th annualmeeting of the American Institute of Planners, Atlanta,Georgia, October 1973.

',alder, Mark. "Political Equalization Through Participation?"Administrative Science rMarterlz, XVI, March 1971, 31-39.

Nisbet, Robert A. "The Journal Forum: Commentary to thePublic Interest and Community Participation." Journalof the American Institute of Planners., XXXIX, January1973, 3)13-'9-

. The Quest for Comnunitz. Flew York: OxfordUniversity Press, 37-53.

Olson, Mancur. Logic of Collective Action: Public Goodsand the Theo7 of Gross. Hew York: Schocken Brooks,19.687

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J. CPL Exchange Libliography #718

Orbell, John N. "An Informational-Flo Theory of CormunityInfluence." Journal of Politics, XXXII, hay 1970, 3 1-338.

and Toru Uno. "A Theory of Heighborhood ProblemSolving: Political Action vs. Residential Lictility."American Political Science Review LXVI, June 1972,Di :Ea.

Pardue, Howard We, Jr. "Urban Planning and the Stimulationof Ciyizen Participation." Unpublished N.S.P. Thesis,University of Tennessee, 1968.

Pateman, Carole. Participation and Democratic Them. Oxford:Cambridge University Press, 1970.

Peattie, Lisa R. "Reflections on Advocacy Planning." Journalof the American Institute of Planners XXXIV, Narch 1j 6B,80-Z8.

Pitkin, Hanna. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley:University of California Press, 067.

Polsby, Helson L. CommunitypowEand Political Theory.Heu Haven: Yale University Press, 706-3.

Renshon, Stanley A. Psychological illeads and Political Behavior:

A Theorzgparsonality and Political Efficam. Riverside,Hew Jersey: The Free Press, 19714.

i.ker, William H. A Theory of Political Coalitions. NewHaven: Yale University Press, 1962.

Rokkan, Stein. "The Comparative Study of PoliticalParticipation." Essays in the Behavioral Stuck_ofPolitics. Edited by Austin Ranney. Urbana: Universityof Illinois Press, 1962.

Rosenblum, Constance S. "The Frustrations of CommunityInvolvement." Nations Cities, X, July 1972, 17-21.

Salisbury, Robert H. "Urban Politics: The New Convergenceof Power." Journal of Politics, XXVI, November 1964,775-797.

Schattschneider, E. E. The Semi-Sovereign Peo le. NewYork: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 19 03 .

Schmandt, Henry J. "hunicipal Decentralization: AnOverview." Public Administration Review XXXII,October 197277i-588.

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10. CPL Exchange Bibliography ens

Scott, William G. "Organizational Governmer%: The Prospectfor a Truly Participative System." Public AdministrationRevieD XXIX, January 1969, 43-52.

Sennett, Richard. The Uses of Disorder. New York: VintageBooks, 1970.

Shalala, Donna 3. "Neighborhood Government: Has the TimeCome?" National Civic Review LXI, April 1972, 185-189.

Singlemann, Peter. "Exchange as Symbolic Interaction:Convergences Between Two Theoretical Perspectives."American Sociological Review XXXVII, August 1972,

MR.723.

Smith, Richard W. "A Theoretical Basis for ParticipatoryPlanning." Policy Sciences IV, September 1973, 275-296.

Spiegel, Hans B. C., ed. Citizen Participation in UrbanDevelopment. Washington: National Institute for AppliedBehavioral Science, 1969.

Taebel, Delbert A. "Citizen Groups, Public Policy and UrbanTransportation." Traffic Quarterly, XXVII, October1973, 503-515.

Taft, Charles P. "Citizen Participation in Planning and theCity Government Structure." Planning 1969. Selectedpapers from the ASPO National Planning Conference,Cincinnati, April 1969. Chicago: American Society ofPlanning Officials, 1969.

Thursz, David. "Community Participation: Should the Past

be Prologue ?" American Behavioral Scientist XV, May-

June 1972, 733-71E

Train, Russell E. "The Quality of Growth."June 7, 1974, 1050-1053.

Truman, David B. The Governmental Process.Alfred A. Knopf, 1951.

Verba, Sidney. "Democratic Participation.' Annals of theAmericanAcyltszof Political and Social Science 000LXIISeliteibea196q,5PW.-------

ilorman H. Nie, Ana Barbic, Galen Irwin, HenkHolleman and Goldie Shebad. "The Hodes cf Participation:Continuities in Research." Conktrative PoliticalStudies, VI, July 1973, 23515.0.

Science, CXXCIV,

New York:

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11. CPL Exchange Bibliography /;'718

Waldman, Sidney it. "Exchange Theory and Political Analysis."6ocioloical Inquiry, XLII, Dos. 3-4, 1572, 101-128.

Wilcox, Herbert G. "Hierarchy, Human Nature, and theParticipative Panacea." Public ji dmini stration Review:MIX, January 1969, 53-64.

Yates, Douglas T. Neighborhood Democracy: The Politics andImpact of Decentralization. Lexington, liasnn-hu-etts:Lexington Books, 1973.

. "Neighborhood Government." Policy Sciences,III, July 1972, 209-218.

II. HISTORICAL ADD alPIBICAL PERSPECTIVES

Aberbach, Joel D. "Alienation and Political Behavior." AmericanPolitical Science Review, LXII, March 1969, 86-99.

and Jack L. Walker. "Citizen Desires, PolicyOutcomes and Community Control." Urban Affairs Quarterly,VII, June 1972, 55-76.

Abrahamson, Julia. A Neighborhood Finds Itself. New York:Harper, 1959.

Agger, Robert, Daniel Goldrich and Bert Swanson. Rulers andthe Ruled: Political Power and Impotence in AmericanCommunities. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 19614.

Alford, Robert R. and Harry N. Scoble. "Source of LocalPolitical Involvement." American Political Sc i enceReview LXII, December 1966, U92-1206.

and E. C. Lee. "Voting Turnout in LmericanCities." American Political Science Review, MI,September 1968, 796413.

Allport, Gordon. "The Psychology of Participation."parlalsia_cal Review, LII, May 1945, 117-132.

Archer, Dane. "Power in Groups: Self-Concept Changes ofPowerful and Powerless Group Members." Journal of AppliedBehavioral Science, X, April June 1974, 208-221.

Baer, Michael A. and Dean Jaros. "Participation as Instrumentand Expression: Some Evidence from the United States."American Journal of Political Science XVIII, May 1974,365-384,

Ball, Carleton. "Citizens Help Plan and Operate ActionPrograms." Land PoLiczaevieja III, }larch 1940, 19-27.

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12. CPL Exchange Bibliography ,,718

Barnett, Jonathan. "A Planning Process with Built -in PoliticalSupport." Architectural Record, May 1966.

Barss, Reitzel and Associates. Community ction andInstitutional Change. Report to the Office of EconomicCpportunity, Washington, D.C., July 1969. Cambridge:Barss, Reitzel and Associates, 1969.

Becker, B. and J. Carroll. "Ordinal Position and Conformity."Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, LXIV, April1962, 139-141.

Bell, Wendell and Maryanne T. Force. "Urban NeighborhoodTypes and Participation in Formal Associations."American Sociolo 'cal Review, XXI, February 1956.

Bennett, Stephen E. and William R. Klecka. "Social Statusand Political Participation: A Multivariate Analysisof Predictive Power." Midwest Journal of PoliticalScience, XIV, February 1970, 355--587.

Blecher, Earl M. Advocacy.. Planningfor Urban Development.

Hew York: Praeger Publishers, 1971.

Bledsoe, Thomas. Or We'll All HanaSeparately: The HighlanderIdea. Boston: Beacon Press, 1969.

Booher, David 2. "Political Participation of the Poor andthe Community Action Program." Unpublished M.A. Thesis,Tulane University, 1970.

Brager, George L. and Francis P. Purcell, eds. Community_ActicE_Lgainst Povert/. New Haven: College and University

Press, 1967.

Bryan, Frank M. "Town Meeting Government Still Supported inVermont." National Civic Review, LXI, July 1972, 348-351

Burke, D. Barlow, Jr. "The Threat to Citizen Participationin Model Cities." Cornell Law Review, LVI, May 1971,751-779.

Burke, Edmund M. "Citizen Participation in Renewal."Journal of Houslag, XXIII, January 1966, 18-25.

Burateiui Paul. "Social Structure and Individual PoliticalParticipation in Five Countries." American Journal ofSociolab LXXVII, May 1972, 1087-1110.

Chlwdhry, Kamla and Theodore Newcomb. "Relative Abilities ofLeaders and Non-Leaders to Estimate Opinions of Their OwnGroups." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,XLVII, January 1952, 51-57.

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"Citizen Participation in Urban Renewal." Columbia Law ReviewLXVI, March 1966.

Clark, Kenneth B. and Jeannette Hopkins. A Relevant Wartainst Poverty. New York: Harper and Row, 1969.

Cole, Richards L. Citizen Participation and the Urban PolicyProcess. Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1974.

Crain, Robert L. and Donald B. Rosenthal. "Community Statusas a Dimension of Local Decision-Making." AmericanSociological Review, XXXII, December 1967, 970-9-817.

Crensun, Matthew. "Organizational Factors in CitizenParticipation." Journal of Politics, XXXVI, May 19714,356-378.

Cunningham, James V. "Drafting the Pittsburgh Charter: HowCitizens Participated." National Civic Review LXIII,September 1974, 1410-415.

Cutright, Phillips and Peter H. Rossi. "Grass Roots. Politicians and the Vote." American Sociological

Review, XXIII, April 1958, 171-179.

Dahl, Robert A. Who Governs? New Haven: Yale UniversityPress, 1961.

Davis, James W. "Decentralization, Citizen Participation,and Ghetto Health Care." American Behavioral Scientist,XV, September-October 1971791-107.

Emerson, Richard M. "Power-Dependence Relations." AmericanSocioloKical Review, XXVII, January 1962, 31-41.

Feldman, Ronald A. "Power Distribution, Integration andConformity in Small Groups." American Journal ofSociology, LXXIX, November 1973, 639-6614.

Fischer, Claude S. "On Urban Alienations and Anomie:Powerlessness and Social Isolation." American Sociologicalaeviem, XXXIIX, June 1973, 311-326.

Foladare, Irving S. "The Effect of Neighborhood on VotingBehavior." Political-Science Quarterly, =ailDecember 19613, 516-53.9.

Gaines, i.ustin Pearce. "An Examination of Advocacy Planningas a Form of Citizen Participation in the Urban PlanningProcess." Unpublished M.S.P. Thesis, University ofTennessee, 1969.

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Gerard, Harold B. "The Anchorage of Opinions in Face-to-FaceGroups." Human Aeljlior VII, No. 3, 1954, 313-326.

Goldblatt, Harold. Citizen Participation in Urban Renewal:Washington, D.C. Washington: Health and WelfareCouncil of the National Capital Area, January 1966.

Greenstone, J. David and Paul E. Peterson. Race and Authorityin Urban Politics. New York: Russell Sage Foundation,1973.

Groves, Patricia H. "Computer Simulation of Interaction inDecision Making." Behavioral Science, XV, May 1970,277-285.

Hedlund, Ronald D. and H. Paul Friesema. "Representatives'Perceptions of Constituency Opinion." Journal ofPolitics, XXXIV, August 1972, 730-752.

Hare, A. Paul. "Group Decision by Consensus: ReachingUnity in the Society of Friends." oloical Inquiry,XLIII, No. 1, 1973, 75-88.

Harrison, Bennett. "The Participation of Ghetto Residentsin the Model Cities Program." Journal of the AmericanInstitute of Planners, XXXIX, JanuaryTTUT-43-5.

Harsanyi, John C. "Measurement of Social Power: OpportunityCosts and the Theory of Two-Person Bargaining Games."Behavioral Science, VII, January 1962, 67-80.

Hester, Randolph, Jr. "Student Advocacy in Raleigh and theCommunity Development Process." Landscape Architecture,ixIT, July 1972, 331-334.

Hyman, Herbert H. "Planning with Citizens: Two Styles."Journal of the American Institute of Planners XXXV,March 1969, 105-112.

Jackson, John S., III and William L. Shade. "CitizenParticipation, Democratic Representation and SurveyResearch." Urban Affairs Quarter1b IX, September1973, 57-9o.

Kirschner Associates, Inc. A Description and Evaluation ofAdvocacy Planning Projects. Washington, D.U.: Cfficeof Economic Opportunity, January 1971.

Kramer, Ralph M. Participation of the Poor. EnglewoodCliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 0577---

Lane, Robert E. Political Life. New York: The Free Press, 1959.

4 tf-1)

15. CPL :xchange Bibliography #718

Levine, Aaron. "Citizen Participation." Journal of theAmerican Institute of Planners, XXVI, AugusfURTi95-200.

Lewis, John D. "Democratic Planning in Agriculture."American Political Science Review YJXV, April 1941,232-249.

Lucas, Alastair R. arl Patrick A. Moore. "The Utah Controversy:A Case Study of Public Participation in PollutionControl." National Resources Journal XIII, January1973, 36-75.

Lupon, Alan, Frank C. Colcord and Edmund P. Folder. Rites ofway, Boston: Little Brown, 1971.

Lyden, Fremont and Jerry Thomas. "Citizen Participation inPolicy-Making: A Study of a Community Action Program."Social Science Quarterly, L, December 1969, 631-642.

Mansbridge, Jane J. "Times Emotion, and Inequality: ThreeProblems of Participatory Grcups.° Journal of pliedBehavioral Science, IX, March-June 1973, 351366.

Marx, Gary T. and Dane Archer. "Citizen Involvement in theLaw Enforcement Process." American Behavioral Scientist,XV, September-October 19711-52 -71.

Maynard, Wayne. "Game Simulation and Community A dvoc acy . °

Landscape Architecture, LXII, July 1973, 335-338.

McDill, S. L. and J. C. Ridley. "Status, Anemia, PoliticalAlienation and Political Participation." AmericanJournal of Sociology, LXVII, September 19677763:113.

Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments. "OperationalProcedures and Staffing Arrangements for the Establishmentof Citizen Advisory Committees of the MetropolitanWashington Council of Governments." Washington, D.C.:The Council, n.d.

Meyerson, Martin and Edward D. Banfield. Politics, Planningand the Public Interest. New York: Free Press, 1955.

hilbrath, Lester. Political Participation. Chicago: RandMcNally and Company, 1965.

Mogulof, Melvin. "Coalition to Adversary: Citizen Participationin Three Federal Programs." Journal of the America.Institute of Planners, XXXV, July 1969.

Morgan, David R. "Political Linkage and Public Policy:Attitudinal Congruence Between Citizens and Officials."Western Political Quarterlx, XXVI, June 1973, 209-223.

16. CPL Exchange Bibliography e718

Nie, Norman H., G. Bingham Powell and Kenneth Prewitt. " Social

Structure and Political Participation: Developmental

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A Critique of One Attempt at Citizen Participation."Unpublished M.S.P. Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1973.

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Bottom." Journal of Politics) XXIII, August 1970, 501-530.

Pecoul, John A. "Black Impotence in North Philadelphia:

The Case of the 1965 Poverty Elections." Unpublished

M.A. Thesis, Tenplr. University, 1967.

Perrucci, Robert and Marc Pelisuk. "Leaders and Ruling

Elites: The Interorganizational Bases of Community

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1970, 1040-1055.

Peterson, Paul E. "Forms of Representation: Participation

of the Poor in the Community Action Program." American

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Presthus, Robert. Men at thUsthStug in CommunitPower. New York: Oxford University Press, 104.

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Emancipation: The Impact of Cultural Membership."Western Political quarterly, XXVII, March 1974, 104-116.

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Savjtch, Harold V. "Powerlessness in an Urban Ghetto: Caseof Political Biases and Differential Access in New YorkCity." Polity) V, Fall 1972, 19-56.

Snowden, Otto and Muriel Snowden. "Citizen Participation."Journal of Housing, XX, September 1963, 435-439.

Strange, John H. "Citizen Participation in Community Actionand Model Cities Programs." Public Administration Review)XXXII, October 1972, 655-669.

Sullivan, John L. and Robert L. O'Connor. "Electorial Choiceand Popular Control of Public Policy." American PoliticalScience Review LXVI, December 1972, 1256-1266.

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Van Ham Ltere, Judeth. "Facts and Fictions of CommunityParticipation: The Boston Experience." Paper presentedat the 56th Annual Conference of the American Instituteof Planners, Atlanta, Georgia, October 1973.

Verba, Sidney and Norman H. Nie. Participation in America:Political Democracy and Social New York:Harper and Row, 1972.

Vosburgh, Lilliam IL and Drew Hyman. "Advocacy and Bureaucracy:The Life and Times of a Decentralized Citizen's AdvocacyProgram." Administrative Science Quarterly) XIIX,December 1973, 433.1448.

Warren, Roland L. "Model Cities First Round: Politics,Planning, and Participation." Journal of the AmericanInstitute of Planners XXXV, July 1969, 245-252.

Weiss, Zachary. "Community Design Centers: hechanism forCitizen Participation in the Planning Process." Planning1971. Selected papers from the ASPO National PlanningConference, New Orleans, 1971. Chicago: AmericanSociety of Planning Officials, 1971.

White, Elliott. "Articulateness and Political Mobility: AnAnalysis of the Philadelphia Antipoverty Program." SocialScience_guanIrly, LI, March 1971, 900-909.

wicker, Allan W., Joseph 3. McGrath and George E. Armstrong."Crganization Size and Behavior Setting Capacity asDeterminants of Member Participation." BehavioralScience) XVII, November 1972, 499-513.

T)

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Alson, Everett X. "Determinants of Participation in PolicyFormulation in a College Cornunity." Human RelationsVII, No. 3, 1954, 287-312.

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Wofford) John G. "Participatory Planning for Boston Hetro-Lrea Transportation." Civil Engineering, April 1973,78-81.

Wnia, Bob L. "Federal Bureaucrats' Attitudes Toward aDemocratic Ideology." Public Administration Review)XXXIV, March 1974, 156-162.

Zander, Alvin and T. Curtis. "Effects of Social Power onAspiration Setting and Striving." Journal of Abnormaland Social pacholab LXIV, Januar:7-1962) 63 -7L

Timmerman, Joseph F. "The Politics of Meighborhood Government."

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LIII, January 1969, 147-1627

III. INTEMATIONAL PERSPECTIVES

Almond, Gabriel and Sidney Verba. The Civic Culture.Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1963.

Banovetz, James N. "flublic Participation in Local Government."

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"Citizen Participation and Local Government in the UnitedStates: An Analysis of Recent Research." Studies in

Con2Fative Local Government, V, Winter 1971, 77-99.

19. CPL SXchange Bibliography 018

Haggorth, Soren. "Swedish -,?xperiments in Citizen Participationin Local Planning." Studies in Comparative Local Government,VII, Summer 1573, 57-3T.

Hoadley, J. Stephen. "Political Participation of Jong KongChinese: Patterns and Trends." Rsian Survey, lUII,June 1573, 604-616.

Kaufman, Clifford. "Urbanization, Material Satisfaction andMass Political Involvement: The Poor in Mexico City."Comparative Political Studies, IV, Oc ober 1971, 295-320.

Lamare, Judith L. "Causal vs. Contextual Rnalysis: J CaseStudy of Brazilian Local Political Participation."

Western Political QuarterlZ, 7CCVII, March 1974, 117-1142.

Passow, Shirley S. "Stockholm's Plannars Discover PeoplePower." Journal of the American Institute of Planners,XXXIX, January 1973, 23754.

Pratt, Raymond B. "Parties, Neighborhood Associations andthe Politicization of the Urban Poor in Latin America."Midwest Journal of Political Science, XV, August 1971,

Presthus, Robert. Elites in the Policy Process. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1514.

Pye, Lucian W. as scts of Political Development. Boston:Little, Brown and Company, 19'66.

achardson, Bradley "Urbanization and Political.Participation: The Case of Japan." American PoliticalScience Ravin LXVII, June 1973, 433745'2.

:'oss, hare Howard. "Two Styles of Political Participation inan African City." American Journal of Political Science,XVII, February 1973, 1-22.

Rosser, Colin. "Rction Planning in Calcutta: The Problemof Community Participation." Journal of DevelopmentalStudies VI, July 1970, 121-239.

Side', Victor W. and Ruth Sidel. "The Delivery of MedicalCare in China." Scientific American, CCXXX, Rpril 1974,19-27.

Skok, James E. "Participation in Decision baking: TheBureaucracy and the Community." Western PoliticalQuarterly XXVII, March 1974, 60 -79.

20. CPL 21xciaange 3ibliegraphy

Townsend, James J. Political Partici Ration in CorrantriistChina. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967.

Weiner, liyron. "Violence and Politics in Calcutta." Journalof 1,sian Studies XX, flay 1961, 275-281.

Wong, 4_1ine .C. "Chinese Community Leadership in a ColonialSetting: The Hong icong Neighborhood 11Ssoci a ti on s "i.sian Survey, XII, July 1972, 587-601.

COUZCIL OF PLI-dINIFG axchange Bibliography #718

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i_dditional copies E.' vcilcblo from:

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