dover district council annual status report 2019 · 2019. 11. 4. · dover district council laqm...

Dover District Council


Annual Status Report 2019

Bureau Veritas

August 2019


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Client Dover District Council

Document Title Dover District Council Annual Status Report

Bureau Veritas Ref No.

6486897/UK/v1

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Company Name Bureau Veritas UK Limited Dover District Council

Contact Name Paul Bentley Brian Gibson

Position Senior Consultant Senior Environmental Protection Officer

Address

5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London E1 8HG

Council Offices White Cliffs Business Park Whitfield Dover CT16 3PJ

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1.0 25/06/19 F. Lin Draft for comment Draft

1.1 01/08/19 H. Smith Final Final

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Prepared By F. Lin Assistant Consultant

Approved By P.Bentley Senior Consultant

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2019 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management August 2019


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019

Local Authority Officer

Brian Gibson

Department Environmental Protection

Address Dover District Council, Council Offices, White Cliffs Business Park, Whitfield, Dover CT16 3PJ

Telephone 01304 872207

E-mail [email protected]

Report Reference number

Dover District Council ASR 20189

Date August 2019


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 i

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area

Air Quality in Dover

Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as

a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and some cancers. Additionally, air

pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people,

and those pre-disposed to heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong

correlation with equalities and social issues also, because areas with poor air quality

are also often the less affluent areas1,2.

The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK

is estimated to be around £16 billion3.

Dover is “the gateway to England” and its location at the narrowest crossing point in

the Channel has always given it great significance for both trade and military activities.

Dover is the district’s principal town; the major employment centre, an international

gateway and a transport hub. In addition to Dover, Deal and Sandwich are the other

main towns within the district.

The main sources of pollutant emissions within Dover are linked with port activities;

regular cross-channel ships and large volumes of road traffic arising as a result of

associated transport of good along the A2 and A20 entering and leaving the town.

Dover District Council (herein referred to as DDC or The Council) has an adopted Core

Strategy (CS) which includes ambitious plans to regenerate Dover and other areas of

the district and has an adopted Land Allocations Local Plan (LALP). DDC is currently

in the process of preparing a new Local Plan which will replace the Adopted CS, LALP

and ‘saved’ 2002 Local Plan Policies. Air quality will be one of a number of key

considerations that will need to be taken into account as part of the development,

consultation, adoption and implementation of the new Local Plan.

There are currently two Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) declared within the

district. Both have been designated due to exceedances of the annual mean Air Quality

1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010 2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006 3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 ii

Strategy (AQS) objective for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), caused primarily by road traffic

emissions. These are:

the A20 AQMA, declared in 2004 (and amended in 2007 and 2009) and

the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, declared in 2007.

In 2018, dispersion modelling was carried out for both AQMAs to establish whether

any changes in the extent of AQMA boundarty could be made. The results concluded

that the exceedances of the annual mean NO2 objective were still evident within both

AQMAs. In addition there were also areas outside of the existing AQMAs where

exceedances were predicted; these include the areas along High Street towards

Victoria Crescent and east towards Ladywell, and properties along Marine Parade.

This is consistent with 2017 monitoring results at monitoring sites at these locations.

The source apportionment across all the selected receptors within A20 AQMA and

High Street/Ladywell AQMA shows local road sources have the largest contribution at

both AQMAs. When considering the average NOx concentration at receptors where

NO2 concentrations are greater than 40µg/m3 within both AQMAs, emissions from

Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) was the largest contributor to NOx emissions within the

A20 AQMA, whilst NOx emissions from cars was the largest contributor to NOx

emissions within High Street/Ladywell AQMA. This is not surprising given the strategic

importance of the A20 to the transport of goods that takes place through the Port of

Dover.

It was recommended that the AQMAs remain as currently declared, although if the

monitoring at the areas where potential exceedances were identified highlights that

potential amendment would need to be considered. That is, there are two exceedances

of the annual mean NO2 objective in 2018; at Site DV06/07/08 located on High Street

within the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, and Site DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street

Dover, slightly to the north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Both of the

diffusion tubes are sited a location of relevant exposure, therefore, no distance

corrections are required. The exceedances of annual mean NO2 AQS objective have

been recorded at DV30 for the last two years. Dover will consider extending the High

Street/Ladywell AQMA to the north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary

towards Victoria Crescent if the exceedance of annual mean NO2 AQS objective

continues to occur at DV30 in 2019.


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 iii

Distance correction has been completed for Site DV30 due to the annual mean being

within 10% of the annual mean objective, and the location of the diffusion tube not

being at a location of relevant exposure. The annual mean concentration following

distance correction was 30.0µg/m3.

When compared to 2017 concentrations, results of the monitoring for 2018 show a

decrease in annual mean concentrations at all diffusion tube monitoring sites except

DV33, where a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3 was reported. The maximum reduction of

7.1µg/m3 was recorded at DV10 (Townwall Street, Dover), with an annual mean

concentration of 38.3µg/m3 in 2018.

There have been no exceedances of either PM10 AQS objective within the past 5 years.

There is currently no monitoring undertaken for PM2.5 within the District. However, the

annual mean PM2.5 concentration in 2018 was estimated in accordance with LAQM.

TG(16) by applying the nationally derived PM2.5/ PM10 ratio (0.7) to the annual mean

PM10 concentration (26μg/m3) at the automatic monitoring site Dover Centre. Following

TG(16) guidance the estimated PM2.5 concentration was 18.2μg/m3 at this location.

Actions to Improve Air Quality

A package of measures to improve air pollution within the district are to be identified in

the updated Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP). A draft AQAP has previously been

developed, although a decision was made in early 2018 to put the AQAP on hold due

to the Council’s need to focus on contingency planning for the UK’s departure from the

European Union as Dover is anticipated to be a key area of impact in the event of a

“No Brexit” deal.

The Council fleet is being updated with electric vehicles alongside installation of

electric vehicle charging infrastructure on Council owned property. Opportunities are

also being taken to install ELV charging points in commercial and leisure developments

through the planning process.

The St James development site alongside the A20 approach road to the Port of Dover

is now fully completed and open to the public. Although at present there has not been

a significant increase in road traffic due to this development the monitoring of the A20

will continue as part of Dover’s review and assessment process.


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 iv

Dover faces a number of challenges to manage traffic associated with the Port,

discussions are currently taking place with Central Government and Highways England

to manage expected major increase in housing stock in south east England coupled

with proposals for the third Thames crossing.

Conclusions and Priorities

The priority for the coming year (2019) is to update the Air Quality Action Plan based

upon detailed modelling of the AQMAs and taking into consideration Defra’s proposals

for ‘tackling roadside nitrogen dioxide concentrations’4. This will be placed in the

context of identified significant developments in Dover, including re-development of the

Western Docks through the Dover Western Docks Revival Project and work on the

Dover Waterfront area. The potential impact upon air quality from these developments

will be appraised through the Strategic Environmental Assessment approach and

through requests for air quality assessments under the planning and development

regime.

The impacts of Brexit upon the port will continue to be a key influence during 2019,

and any decisions made will be assessed in terms of the air quality impacts within

Dover. There is the possibility of a diversionary route change for HDVs entering and

leaving the Port, discussions on this are currently ongoing with Highways England in

regards to this and any future updates will be reported upon in future ASRs.

Local Engagement and How to get Involved

There are a number of ways that everyone can get involved to help improve air quality

in Dover. Due to road traffic being the main source of pollutant emissions within the

district you can look to move to more sustainable methods of transport. For example

looking to minimise unnecessary car journeys by choosing to walk, cycle, car-share or

use public transport instead.

For further information in regards to air quality the following links are provided:

To download DDC’s air quality monitoring data, you can visit:

http://www.kentair.org.uk/about-network ;

4 https://consult.defra.gov.uk/airquality/air-quality-plan-for-tackling-nitrogen-dioxide/supporting_documents/Consultation%20Document.pdf.

http://www.kentair.org.uk/about-network

https://consult.defra.gov.uk/airquality/air-quality-plan-for-tackling-nitrogen-dioxide/supporting_documents/Consultation%20Document.pdf


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 v

To report a nuisance or pollution problem, please fill in the form located here:

https://forms.dover.gov.uk/nuisance ; and

All other general enquiries should be made by either ringing 01304 872428 or

emailing [email protected]. You can also visit

https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-

%20Quality-Monitoring.aspx%20for%20further%20information .

https://forms.dover.gov.uk/nuisance

https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-%20Quality-Monitoring.aspx%20for%20further%20information

https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-%20Quality-Monitoring.aspx%20for%20further%20information


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 vi

Table of Contents

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area .......................................................... i

Air Quality in Dover ............................................................................................................. i

Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................................... iii

Conclusions and Priorities ................................................................................................ iv

Local Engagement and How to get Involved ..................................................................... iv

1 Local Air Quality Management ........................................................................ 1

2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................ 2

2.1 Air Quality Management Areas .............................................................................. 2

2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Dover District

Council ............................................................................................................................. 5

2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or

Concentrations.................................................................................................................14

3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality

Objectives and National Compliance .................................................................... 16

3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken .....................................................................16

3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites .......................................................................................... 16

3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites................................................................................... 16

3.2 Individual Pollutants .............................................................................................16

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)................................................................................................. 16

3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10) .............................................................................................. 17

3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ............................................................................................. 17

Appendix A: Monitoring Results ........................................................................... 19

Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2018 ................................ 29

Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data

QA/QC ...................................................................................................................... 31

Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs ................................... 34

Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England .............................. 38

Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................. 39

References .............................................................................................................. 41


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 vii

List of Tables

Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas .................................................. 4 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality ........................................ 10 Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites ..................................................... 19

Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites ............................................. 20 Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results .................................................... 22 Table A.4 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results ................................................... 25 Table A.5 – Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results > 50µg/m3 .............. 27 Table B.2– NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2018 ........................................... 29

Table C.1– Annualisation for DV33 ........................................................................... 32 Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England ........................................................... 38 List of Figures

Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations ....................................... 24 Figure A.2 – Trends in Annual Mean PM10 Concentrations ...................................... 26 Figure A.3 – Trends in Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50µg/m3 ............... 28

Figure C.1- National Bias Adjustment Factor for Laboratory ..................................... 31 Figure C.2 – Distance Correction Calculations for SK54/55 and SK56/57 ................ 33 Figure D.1 – Monitoring Locations: A20 West ........................................................... 34 Figure D.2– Monitoring Locations: A20 East ............................................................. 35

Figure D.3 – Monitoring Locations: High Street ......................................................... 36 Figure D.4 – Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley ................................................. 37


LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 1

1 Local Air Quality Management

This report provides an overview of air quality in the area of Dover District Council

during 2018. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set

out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical

Guidance documents.

The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and

assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality

objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the

local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an

Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in

pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement

showing the strategies employed by Dover District Council to improve air quality and

any progress that has been made.

The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in

Table E.1 in Appendix E.



2 Actions to Improve Air Quality

2.1 Air Quality Management Areas

Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance

or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must

prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures

it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.

A summary of AQMAs declared by Dover District Council can be found in Table 2.1.

Further information relating to declared (or revoked) AQMAs, including maps of AQMA

boundaries are available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local-

authorities?la_id=81. Alternatively, see Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and

AQMAs, which presents the current air quality monitoring locations in relation to the

designated AQMAs.

In 2018, dispersion modelling was carried out for the A20 AQMA and the High

Street/Ladywell AQMA. The 2017 base year model results suggest that the

exceedances of the annual mean NO2 objective continue and remains largely

constrained within the existing boundary of each AQMA. However, there are also areas

identified that are likely to exceed the annual mean NO2 objective outside the AQMAs.

These include the areas along High Street towards Victoria Crescent, and east towards

Ladywell and properties along Marine Parade. This is consistent with 2017 monitoring

results at monitoring sites outside the AQMA - DV30(adjacent to 19B High Street),

DV31-(3 Ladywell, Dover) and DV33 (24 Marine Parade) where the annual mean NO2

concentrations were recorded at 40.9 µg/m3, 36.7µg/m3 and 37.2µg/m3 respectively.

The source apportionment within the A20 AQMA and the High Street/Ladywell AQMA

show local road traffic make the most significant contribution to emissions in both

AQMAs. When considering the average NOx concentration at receptors with NO2

concentrations greater than 40µg/m3 within the A20 AQMA it is identified that HGVs

are the largest contributor to local road NOx, followed by cars and LGVs. When

considering the average NOx concentration at receptors with NO2 concentrations

greater than 40µg/m3 within the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, emission from cars is the

largest contribution of local road NOx emission, followed by buses and LGVs. It is

recommended that the AQMAs remain as currently declared with amendment made in

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local-authorities?la_id=81

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local-authorities?la_id=81



due course in the event that further exceedances are confirmed through longer-term

monitoring.



Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas

AQMA Name

Date of Declaratio

n

Pollutants and Air Quality

Objectives

City / Town

One Line Description

Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads

controlled by

Highways England?

Level of Exceedance (maximum

monitored/modelled concentration at a

location of relevant exposure)

Action Plan

At Declaration

(μg/m3)

Now (μg/m3)

Name Date of

Publication

Link

A20 AQMA

2004 (amended

in 2007 and 2009)

NO2

annual mean

Dover

An area following the A20 from just

west of the Limekiln

Roundabout at the western end

to a point c.140m from the Eastern Docks in Dover.

No longer includes

properties in Marine Parade and East Cliff to

the east.

YES 49.8

39.0


Final Action Plan

July 2007

http://www.

kentair.org.uk/

home/text/454

High Street/Lad

y-well AQMA

2007 NO2

annual mean

Dover

An area encompassing

roads and properties

between the junction of Effingham

Crescent/High Street, and Priory Hill/High Street.

NO 50.5

40.4


Final Action Plan

July 2007

http://www.

kentair.org.uk/

home/text/454

☒ Dover District Council confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date



2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Dover District Council

Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded:

1. The AQAP has not been updated in some years. It is only clear that since last

year only 1 measure has been completed (measure 7). The report does not

provide up to date discussion of progress and barriers to implementation (it is

simply copied and pasted from last year’s report). Please refer to TG16.

2. Further to the above the Council note the AQAP needs updating. In light of

results and little sign of air quality improvement the Council should prioritise this

task. It is noted that the Council completed the majority of their Transport

Planning/Infrastructure and Traffic Management measures some years ago.

These types of measures will have the biggest impact on local air quality. If

possible the Council should aim to target their efforts to implementing similar

types of measures. Softer measures are good however they will have little

impact on overall air quality.

3. The Council are also encouraged to develop measures specific to mitigating

future PM2.5 emissions. Please refer to TG16.

4. Recent major developments have potentially caused increases in PM10

emissions. The Council should provide further discussion over the impact of the

two identified major developments, alongside detailing a thorough discussion of

other developments and planning applications that could impact future air

quality.

In 2018, the diffusion tubes saw a decrease in annual mean concentrations at all the

diffusion tubes except DV33, where a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3 was observed. There

were two exceedances of the annual mean NO2 AQS objective in 2018; the triplicate

monitoring site DV06/07/08 located on High Street within the High Street/Ladywell

AQMA, and the monitoring site DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street Dover, slightly to the

north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Although no exceedances of the

annual mean NO2 AQS objective were recorded within the A20 AQMA in 2018, but

there continues to be a risk of an exceedance due to a number of locations with annual

mean concentrations within 10% of the annual mean objective. Therefore, the AQMA

should be currently be retained.



The monitoring results in 2018 for PM10 show that the daily and annual mean

concentration is well below both the annual mean and 24-hour AQS objectives. There

is a significant decrease (from 20 to 7) in the number of 24-hour mean periods within

2018 that were excess of 50µg/m3. Although there is currently no monitoring completed

for PM2.5, as per LAQM. TG(16) guidance a PM2.5 concentration in 2018 was estimated

to be 18.2μg/m3 at the Dover Centre monitoring station. This was calculated by

multiplying the nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7 to the PM10 concentration of

26μg/m3.

Levels of NO2 and PM10 are noted to be in decline relative to the previous year.

Continued monitoring will determine whether this trend is continued in coming years.

This indicate overall air quality improvement within both AQMAs.

With regards to PM2.5, the Council will make use of all available sources of information

to aid the identification of any ‘hot-spot’ areas of elevated PM2.5 concentrations within

the local authority area. In addition, the reduction actions in relation to PM2.5 are

reviewed with Kent County Council Public Health Team whilst developing the updated

action plan to consider whether any specific additional actions are required.

The St James development site alongside the A20 approach road to the Port of Dover

is now fully completed and open to the public. Although at present there is no

appreciative increase in road traffic due to the development the monitoring of the A20

will continue as part of Dover’s review and assessment process.

Dover District Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during the

current reporting year of 2019 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of all

measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2.

More details on each of the original measures can be found within the current AQAP.

A number of other documents have also set out measures that improve air quality,

namely:

The Core Strategy (2010)5

The Local Plan (Adopted 2002)6

5 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Core-Strategy/Home.aspx 6 http://dover.devplan.org.uk/document.aspx?document=26&display=contents



Land Allocations Plan Local Plan (Adopted 2015)7

Dover Transport Strategy (2007 – currently being updated)8

The Local Transport Plan for Kent (2011)9

Kent Environment Strategy (2015)10

Draft Kent and Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy

Principal among these is the Dover Core Strategy, which is the District’s key plan in

the local development framework up to 2026. The core policies within the plan

specifically addressing air quality are as follows:

Policy CP7 – Green Infrastructure Network – protecting and enhancing the

existing network of green infrastructure. Proposals that would introduce

additional pressure on the existing and proposed green infrastructure network

are only permitted if they incorporate quantitative and qualitative measures, as

appropriate, sufficient to address that pressure. Air quality monitoring will be

used to help assess the need for mitigation measures and, if required, establish

the nature of those measures.

Policy CP8 – Dover Waterfront – Planning permission only granted along the

waterfront provided the proposals incorporate avoidance and mitigation

measures to address impact on air quality issues associated with the A20 trunk

road and the Port operations.

A second key facet of Dover’s strategy towards air quality is its participation in the Kent

and Medway Air Quality Partnership11 (KMAQP), which aims to co-ordinate efforts

across neighbouring districts and boroughs within the region to improve air quality. As

part of this, the partnership prepared Air Quality Planning Guidance (options A12 and

B13) aimed at providing clarity and consistency of approach for developers, the local

planning authority and local communities. The two approaches differ only slightly in

7 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Land-Allocations/Land-Allocations.aspx 8 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Evidence-Base/Studies/TRANSDoverTransportStrategy.pdf 9 http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/strategies-and-policies/transport-and-highways-policies/local-transport-plan 10 http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/strategies-and-policies/environment-waste-and-planning-policies/environmental-policies/kent-environment-strategy 11 http://www.kentair.org.uk/ 12 http://www.kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidance_Mitigation_Option_A.pdf 13 http://www.kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidance_Mitigation_Option_B.pdf



their approach to mitigation. As part of this, an annual review is also published tracking

trends and changes across the region14 which provides a wider context in relation to

the impact that the improvement measures are having. Kent County Council has

prepared the draft Kent and Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy (ELES) and

it is under consultation running for 12 weeks from June 11 to September 2, 2019. The

strategy is being designed to develop a multi-agency approach to improving air quality,

reducing carbon emissions and creating a more sustainable energy infrastructure

across Kent and Medway. The document will focus on emissions in the wider sense

and address the potential growth in emissions associated with the energy sector.

Working with the partnership, Dover has been able to implement further measures to

improve air quality, also included in Table 2.2 (measures 9-19).

The Council’s fleet is currently being updated to include a proportion of electric vehicles

alongside installation of electric vehicle charge points on Council owned properties.

Opportunities are also being taken to install ELV charging points in commercial and

leisure developments through the planning process.

Dover faces a number of challenges to manage traffic associated with the Port, with

discussions taking place with Central Government and Highways England to manage

expected major increase in housing stock in south east England coupled with

proposals for the Lower Thames Crossing that would potentially effect traffic flows

across the district.

With regards to the progress of updating the AQAP, a draft AQAP is in progress

although a corporate decision was made in early 2018 to put the Plan on hold due to

uncertainties around traffic arrangements for Brexit. Dover District Council anticipates

that further additional measures will be included in the new AQAP to achieve

compliance and enable the revocation of the two AQMAs. The following additional

measures were proposed during the updating of the AQAP (prior to the decision to

stop work on it):

Reducing emissions contribution from buses by upgrading bus fleet as bus

Incentivise and promote use of the Dover Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system -

Dover District Council has been awarded £15.8m from the Government’s

Housing Infrastructure Fund to support the development of a Bus Rapid Transit

14 http://www.kentair.org.uk/library



System (BRT) between Whitfield, Dover Town Centre and Dover Priory railway

station. The new infrastructure helps unlock the potential of two major housing

sites at Whitfield and the former Connaught Barracks.

Work directly with specialist companies such as Fleet Operator Recognition

Scheme and local freight companies using Port to promote driver education and

training;

Continue to enforce industrial pollution control and nuisance legislation for

current and newly developed industrial plants.

Consideration of measures to improve air quality in all new strategies when a

Strategy is reviewed or updated;

Promote the reporting of “dirty” freight vehicles to DfT - Promote initiative locally

and raise awareness to members of the public to help report dirty vehicles

Measure 1 and measure 3-7 have not yet been included in the report as measure 1

and measure 4, 5, 7 have been completed, whilst measure 3-Strategic Signage

Improvements will not be completed due to lack of funding and this was superseded

by junction improvement works proposed in measure 2 - Widening of the A2 between

Lydden and Dover “Growth without Gridlock”. There has been no progress on Measure

6 Development of a Buffer Zone and preliminary investigations suggest that panning

requirements cannot be met.



Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality

Measure No.

Measure EU Category EU

Classification

Organisations involved

and Funding Source

Planning Phase

Implementation Phase

Key Performance Indicator

Reduction in Pollutant /

Emission from Measure

Progress to Date

Estimated / Actual

Completion Date

Comments / Barriers to implementation

2

Widening of the A2 between Lydden and

Dover “Growth without Gridlock”

Transport Planning and Infrastructur

e

Other

Highways Agency,

South East Regional Transport

Board, KCC, DDC

2015-16 2021-2031

Improved traffic flows and

increase demand through home

building programme in

LDF

20 – 25% emission

reduction in NOx (if fully

implemented and switch of traffic

loading from A20 –A2)

Construction implemented

2016

Implemented through LTP415

Potential for substantial Air

pollution improvements in A20 route into Dover, which is demonstrated in

2016 data.

8 Transfer of

Freight from Road to Rail

Freight and Delivery

Management

Delivery and

Service plans

KCC/DDC/ Dover

Harbour Board/rail operators/

Seeda

DHB Report

Nov 2008

On-going – depending

on T2 progress

Less road vehicles– up to

120 per day <1% On-going 2020 Low impact

9

Encourage Council Travel

Plan opportunities and seek to

facilitate uptake of sustainable

modes of transport

Promoting Travel

Alternative s

Promotion of

cycling/walking

DDC/KCC On-going On-going

% modal shift to car share/public transport/walki

ng/cycling lanes/routes

Promoting Travel Alternative s

Below annual mean

AQS objectives

To review and

consider in updated

Action Plan 2018

Quality Bus Partnership with

Stagecoach in East Kent and Kent

County Council. The partnership

agreement, signed in April 2009,

commits each party to work together

towards the improvement of bus

travel in Dover District

10 Work together with KCC to

encourage the

Promoting Travel

Alternatives

School Travel Plans

DDC/KCC On-going On-going No. of travel

plans in place

Below annual mean AQS objectives

On-going To review

and consider in

Approximately 73% of primary and 89%

of secondary

15 Traffic Management Improvement (TMI) Project 2012-2015, Available at: http://www.doverport.co.uk/about/port-development/



Measure No.


Classification


and Funding Source

Planning Phase





Progress to Date

Estimated / Actual

Completion Date


uptake of Employer and School Travel

Plans within the district

updated Action Plan

2018

schools in Dover District have

approved school travel plans

11

Work with KCC to improve the

facilities for cycling and

walking within the district

Promoting Travel

Alternative s

Promotion of

cycling/walking

DDC/KCC On-going On-going

% modal shift to car share/public transport/walking

/cycling lanes/routes


On-going

To review and

consider in updated

Action Plan 2018

Includes Dover District Cycling Plan

12

Ensure that air quality is taken into account in the planning

process when located in or close to the AQMA or in

areas marginally below air quality

objectives.

Policy Guidance

and Developmen

t Control

Air Quality

Planning and

Policy Guidance

DDC On-going On-going

No. planning applications with

air quality conditions/asses

sments


On-going On-going

Part of general and continual efforts of

DDC Environmental Health. Will apply general guidance

developed as part of measure 14

13

Work together with developers

to improve sustainable

transport links serving new

developments.

Promoting Low

Emission Transport

Procuring alternativ

e Refuellin

g infrastruc

ture to promote

Low Emission Vehicles,

EV rechargin

g, Gas fuel

DDC On-going On-going

No. planning applications

where improvements

secured


On-going On-going


DDC Environmental Health



Measure No.


Classification


and Funding Source

Planning Phase





Progress to Date

Estimated / Actual

Completion Date


recharging

14

Supplementary planning

guidance to assist with air

quality assessments of

development proposals

Policy Guidance

and Developmen

t Control

Air Quality

Planning and

Policy Guidance

DDC/KMAQP

2007 2008-2010,

updated 2015

Completion of supplementary

planning guidance


Completed 2015 Active now, with two

mitigation options

15

Work with KCC to improve

public transport services and

encourage the use of more sustainable

transport modes

Transport Planning and Infrastructur

e

Public transport improvements-

interchanges

stations and

services

DDC/KCC On-going On-going % modal shift to public transport


On-going On-going



16

Local air quality monitoring within the District to

ensure a high standard of data

is achieved

Public Information

Other DDC N/a Annual

Recorded Concentration


Completed Annually,

three diffusion

tube decommissio

ned as the annual men concentration at these three sites

are well below

objective

N/a

General trend of reduction in

concentrations monitored

17 Make details of the Action Plan measures and

Public Information

Via the Internet

DDC 2008 On-going Availability of

recently


On-going On-going Documents freely available16. Part of

general and

16 Dover AQ monitoring page, available at: http://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-Quality-Monitoring.aspx



Measure No.


Classification


and Funding Source

Planning Phase





Progress to Date

Estimated / Actual

Completion Date


annual progress reports available on the Website

published reports on the Website

continual efforts of DDC Environmental Health. AQAP to be

updated in 2019 after revision of

AQMA boundaries

18

Work with KMAQP on promotional

activities to raise the profile of air quality in Dover

Policy Guidance

and Developmen

t Control

Regional Groups

Co-ordinatin

g programmes to develop

Area wide

Strategies to

reduce emission

s and improve

air quality

DDC/KMAQP

On-going On-going

Number of promotional

activities undertaken with the Partnership


On-going On-going



19

Work with Kent Energy Centre to promote and

implement energy

efficiency measures in

Dover

Promoting Low

Emission Plant

Shift to installations using

low emission fuels for stationar

y and mobile sources

DDC/Kent Energy Centre

On-going On-going

% improvement in energy

efficiency, SAP rating


On-going On-going





2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations

As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected

to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter

with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5

has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic

reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.

Currently there is no monitoring of PM2.5 completed within Dover. However, the Council

carried out the PM10 monitoring in 2018. In accordance with LAQM. TG(16), the PM2.5

concentrations can be estimated from PM10 monitoring using either local PM10 and

PM2.5 monitoring ratio or nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7. As there are no local

monitoring for both PM10 and PM2.5, nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7 was

applied to the PM10 concentration (26μg/m3). The estimated PM2.5 concentration in

2018 at the automatic monitoring site Dover Centre was 18.2μg/m3. The main sources

of PM10 pollutant emissions within Dover Centre are linked with port activities; regular

cross-channel ships and large volumes of road traffic arising as a result of associated

transport of good along the A2 and A20 entering and leaving the town.

The Defra 2018 background maps for Dover (2017 based)17 show that all background

concentrations of PM2.5 are far below the 2020 annual mean EU limit value of 25μg/m3

for PM2.5. The background concentration for Dover Centre is 9.8μg/m3. The highest

background concentration is estimated to be 11.5μg/m3 within the 1 x 1km grid square

with the centroid grid reference of 623500,151500. This grid square is located near

Spinney Lane in Aylesham, which is a village surrounded by green open area and built

in the 1920s to accommodate workers at nearby coal mines. There are also industrial

estate built in the village including a waste recycling centre on Spinney Lane. The

industrial and agricultural activities in the village may lead to the higher PM2.5

concentration.

The Public Health Outcomes Framework data tool18 compiled by Public Heath England

quantifies the mortality burden of PM2.5 within England on a county and local authority

scale. The 2017 fraction of mortality attributable to PM2.5 pollution in Dover is 5.3%,

17 Defra Background Mapping data for local authorities (2017-based), available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm-background-maps?year=2017 18 Public Health Outcomes Framework, Public Health England. data tool available online at http://www.phoutcomes.info/public-health-outcomes-framework#page/0/gid/1000043/pat/6/par/E12000009/ati/102/are/E06000028

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm-background-maps?year=2017

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm-background-maps?year=2017

http://www.phoutcomes.info/public-health-outcomes-framework#page/0/gid/1000043/pat/6/par/E12000009/ati/102/are/E06000028

http://www.phoutcomes.info/public-health-outcomes-framework#page/0/gid/1000043/pat/6/par/E12000009/ati/102/are/E06000028



which is below South East region’s average of 5.6% and above national average of

5.1%.

There are currently no designated smoke control areas within Dover, however

information is provided within the air quality section of the Council’s website available

at https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-

Quality/Home.aspx.

It is proposed, as suggested in LAQM.TG(16)19 that action in relation to PM2.5

monitoring and reduction actions are reviewed with Kent County Council Public Health

Team whilst developing the updated action plan to consider whether any specific

additional actions are required. The Council recognise the importance of considering

PM2.5 and also that long-term exposure (over several years) to elevated concentrations

of particulate matter (PM2.5) at levels typically experienced in urban areas reduces life

expectancy between several months and a few years. The Council has considered the

importance of recognising advice and guidance in the ‘Air Quality A Briefing for

Directors of Public Health’20 and that measure to address PM2.5 levels will need to be

considered in the future. Dover Council has contributed to and supports the Kent and

Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy which hopes to publish a draft strategy

in 2019. with regards to potential nuisance from bonfire smoke.

19 LAQM Technical Guidance (TG16) (2016). Published by Defra in partnership with the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department of the Environment Northern Ireland 20 https://www.local.gov.uk/air-quality-briefing-directors-public-health

https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Home.aspx

https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Home.aspx



3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance

3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken

3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites

Dover District Council undertook automatic (continuous) monitoring at one site during

2018. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites. The data for this site can

be freely downloaded from http://www.kentair.org.uk/data/. National monitoring results are

available at: https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/data_selector .

Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further

details on how the monitors are calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are

included in Appendix C.

3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

Dover District Council undertook non- automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2 at 14 sites

during 2018. Table A.2 in Appendix A documents the details of the sites.

Following a review of the Council’s monitoring commitments , and to address concerns

of possible further pollution hotspots, two new sites are to be set up in Sandwich. This

will be reported in next year’s ASR.

Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further

details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes, including

bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. “annualisation” and/or

distance correction), are included in Appendix C.

3.2 Individual Pollutants

The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant,

adjusted for bias, “annualisation” and distance correction. Further details on

adjustments are provided in Appendix C.

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

Table A.3 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual

mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.

http://www.kentair.org.uk/data/

https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/data_selector



For diffusion tubes, the full 2018 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in

Appendix B.

There were two exceedances of the annual mean objective in 2018; the triplicate

monitoring site DV06/07/08 located on High Street within the High Street/Ladywell

AQMA and the monitoring DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street Dover, slightly to the

north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Both of the diffusion tubes are sited

at locations of relevant exposure, therefore distance correction is not required for these

at either location.

Figure A.1 shows the trends in annual mean NO2 concentrations in the last 5 years. In

2018, the diffusion tubes has seen a decrease in annual mean concentrations at all

the diffusion tubes except DV33, with a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3. The maximum

reduction of 7.1µg/m3 was recorded at DV10 (Townwall Street, Dover), with an annual

mean concentration of 38.3µg/m3 in 2018.

3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10)

Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored PM10 annual

mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.

Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored PM10 daily mean

concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 50µg/m3, not to be

exceeded more than 35 times per year.

Data capture was high at 99% for 2018, and there were no exceedances of either

objective in.

Figure A.2 and Figure A.3 show the trends in the annual mean PM10 Concentrations

and Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50μg/m3 in the last 5 years. In 2018, the

annual mean PM10 concentration decreased slightly from 27µg/m3 to 26µg/m3 and the

number of days in exceedance of 50μg/m3 decreased significantly from 20 days to 7

days as compared to 2017.

3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

Currently there is no monitoring of PM2.5 completed within Dover. However, in

accordance with LAQM. TG(16), the PM2.5 concentrations can be estimated from PM10

monitoring using either a local PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring ratio, or a nationally derived

correction ratio of 0.7. As there are no local monitoring for PM2.5, the nationally derived



correction ratio of 0.7 was applied to the PM10 concentration (26µg/m3) at the automatic

monitoring site Dover Centre. The estimated PM2.5 concentration in 2018 at the

automatic monitoring site Dover Centre was 18.2μg/m3.



Appendix A: Monitoring Results

Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites

Site ID Site

Name Site Type

X OS Grid Ref

Y OS Grid Ref

Pollutants Monitored

In AQMA?

Monitoring Technique

Distance to Relevant Exposure

(m) (1)

Distance to kerb of nearest

road (m) (2)

Inlet Height (m)

Dover Centre

A20 Townwall

Street, Dover

Roadside 632302 141465 PM10 Y VCM-corrected

TEOM N/A 2.5 2

Notes:

(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).

(2) N/A if not applicable.



Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

Site ID Site Name Site Type

X OS Grid Ref

Y OS Grid Ref


In AQMA?

Distance to

Relevant Exposure

(m) (1)

Distance to kerb

of nearest road (m)

(2)

Tube collocated

with a Continuous Analyser?

Height (m)

DV01 95 High Street, Dover, CT16

1EB Roadside 631376 141949 NO2 N Y – 2 1.5 N 2.6

DV04

Car Park - Opp 2

Christchurch Way, Dover

Urban Backgrou

nd 630905 143362 NO2 N Y - 6 N/A N 1.6

DV05 Bench Street,

Dover Urban Centre

631997 141296 NO2 Y Y - 4 30 N 3

DV06/DV07/ DV08

Town Hall, Dover

Roadside 631597 141748 NO2 Y Y - 0 2.5 Triplicate 3

DV10 Townwall

Street, Dover Roadside 632302 141465 NO2 Y N 2.5 N 2

DV11/DV16/ DV17

The Gateway Roadside 632318 141422 NO2 Y Y - 0 12 Triplicate 3

DV12/DV18/ DV19

St Martins Roadside 631577 140468 NO2 Y Y - 0 10 Triplicate 3

DV23

126 Snargate Street, Dover, Kent, CT17

9BZ

Roadside 631727 140966 NO2 Y Y - 0 15 N 3

DV24


9BZ

Roadside 631802 141079 NO2 Y Y - 0 10 N 3

DV25


9BZ

Roadside 631854 141164 NO2 Y Y - 0 15 N 3



Site ID Site Name Site Type

X OS Grid Ref

Y OS Grid Ref


In AQMA?

Distance to

Relevant Exposure

(m) (1)

Distance to kerb

of nearest road (m)

(2)

Tube collocated

with a Continuous Analyser?

Height (m)

DV30 Adj 19B High

St Dover Kerbside 631550 141772 NO2 N 0 5 N 2

DV31 3 Ladywell,

Dover Kerbside 631602 141771 NO2 N 2 2 N 2

DV32 1 Marine

Parade, Dover Roadside 632646 141496 NO2 Y 2 4 N 2

DV33 24 Marine

Parade, Dover Roadside 632836 141572 NO2 N 10 5 N 2

Notes:

(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property).

(2) N/A if not applicable.



Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Monitoring

Type

Valid Data Capture for Monitoring

Period (%) (1)

Valid Data Capture

2018 (%) (2)

NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (3)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

DV01 Roadside Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 31.4 30.2 30.5 33.2 31.2

DV04 Urban

Background Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 16.6 15.6 16.5 17.8 16.2

DV05 Urban Centre Diffusion

Tube 83.3 83.3 33.8 31.1 34.1 33.6 28.8

DV06/DV07/ DV08

Roadside Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 45.6 44.2 44.5 45.4 40.4


Tube 75.0 75.0 44.7 41.2 41.4 45.4 38.3

DV11/DV16/ DV17

Roadside Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 35.3 35.4 31.6 33.2 29.9

DV12/DV18/ DV19

Roadside Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 42.2 38.9 36.3 36.6 34.5


Tube 91.7 91.7 44.9 43.2 36.1 38 34.3


Tube 91.7 91.7 50.3 49.1 38.4 42.8 39.0


Tube 83.3 83.3 39.6 39.4 35.1 35.4 32.6

DV30 Kerbside Diffusion

Tube 75.0 75.0 - - - 40.9 40.5

DV31 Kerbside Diffusion

Tube 91.7 91.7 - - - 36.7 31.2


Tube 91.7 91.7 - - - 40.1 35.4


Tube 58.3 58.3 - - - 37.2 37.6



☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected

☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes:

Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.

NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.

(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.

(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).

(3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.



Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations



Table A.4 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for

Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture

2018 (%) (2)

PM10 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (3)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Dover Centre

Roadside 99% 99% 25 22 26 27 26

☐ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes:

Exceedances of the PM10 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.



(3) All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.



Figure A.2 – Trends in Annual Mean PM10 Concentrations



Table A.5 – Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results > 50µg/m3

Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for

Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2018

(%) (2)

PM10 24-Hour Means > 50µg/m3 (3)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Dover Centre

Roadside 99 99 13 2 10 20 7

Notes:

Exceedances of the PM10 24-hour mean objective (50µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 35 times/year) are shown in bold.



(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 90.4th percentile of 24-hour means is provided in brackets.



Figure A.3 – Trends in Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50µg/m3



Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2018

Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2018

Site ID

NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Annual Mean

Raw Data

Bias Adjusted (0.76) and

Annualised (1)

Distance Corrected

to Nearest

Exposure (2)

DV01 38.5 missing 46.3 46.5 38.6 33.3 51.4 40.7 33.5 35.7 45.7 40.9 41.0 31.2 -

DV04 23.4 missing 28.7 22.4 20.2 17.3 20.9 18.5 16.0 22.6 26.6 17.9 21.3 16.2 -

DV05 missing missing 45.9 48.2 41.6 29.8 43.8 35.6 29.1 30.8 41.1 33.5 37.9 28.8 -

DV06 53.8 missing 63.7 55.9 62.2 39.5 53.2 46.4 47.0 42.8 57.3 54.8 52.4 39.8 -

DV07 54.0 missing 64.1 62.6 58.0 41.8 54.2 51.4 53.3 49.3 54.2 51.9 54.1 41.1 -

DV08 58.8 missing 66.7 48.9 50.8 38.1 64.2 48.8 48.6 52.5 53.3 54.2 53.2 40.4 -

DV10 31.4 missing 67.4 60.8 53.3 45.0 missing 51.3 45.7 49.4 missing 48.9 50.4 38.3 -

DV11 28.1 missing 56.8 47.1 35.8 33.0 50.1 37.0 34.0 37.6 42.7 34.6 39.7 30.2 -

DV12 47.0 missing 48.9 57.0 42.3 40.9 59.5 46.3 42.1 42.2 44.2 33.3 45.8 34.8 -

DV16 42.9 missing 56.6 44.5 37.2 32.4 40.8 36.0 32.6 39.3 34.5 33.2 39.1 29.7 -

DV17 46.1 missing 52.7 37.2 38.8 32.7 47.7 38.5 32.3 34.4 34.5 36.1 39.2 29.8 -

DV18 46.5 missing 56.6 51.1 46.3 42.2 61.3 46.0 41.0 32.6 46.6 31.3 45.6 34.6 -

DV19 49.4 missing 50.6 54.6 40.0 37.9 56.8 44.1 38.9 49.2 41.2 31.9 45.0 34.2 -

DV23 40.3 missing 45.7 51.6 57.7 47.8 52.7 44.2 36.6 42.0 42.3 34.9 45.1 34.3 -

DV24 51.1 missing 62.2 62.0 56.1 44.5 63.0 47.1 42.5 43.8 49.1 42.9 51.3 39.0 -

DV25 46.3 missing 57.5 49.1 38.4 30.0 47.9 missing 38.9 38.9 47.6 34.8 42.9 32.6 -



Site ID

NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Annual Mean

Raw Data

Bias Adjusted (0.76) and

Annualised (1)

Distance Corrected

to Nearest

Exposure (2)

DV30 50.5 missing 55.4 missing 49.6 35.5 70.7 56.7 56.5 50.4 54.6 missing 53.3 40.5 -

DV31 43.0 missing 53.6 44.5 43.5 32.4 45.4 38.9 33.1 40.6 35.9 41.4 41.1 31.2 -

DV32 42.7 missing 50.1 52.7 53.7 43.3 55.7 46.6 38.2 38.0 49.2 42.3 46.6 35.4 -

DV33 59.6 missing Missing 65.8 60.7 Missing Missing Missing 44.6 43.1 46.5 45.1 52.2 37.6 30.0

☐ Local bias adjustment factor used

☒ National bias adjustment factor used

☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

☐ Where applicable, data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure

Notes:

Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.

NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.

(1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation.

(2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure.

Distance correction has only been completed for the monitoring locations that are not representative of exposure with the annual mean concentrations were above

36µg/m3.



Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC

Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors

The diffusion tubes are supplied and analysed by SOCOTEC Didcot, formerly called

Environmental Scientifics Group (ESG) Didcot utilising the 50% triethanolamine (TEA)

in acetone preparation method. A bias adjustment of 0.76 for the year 2018 (based on

20 studies) has been derived from the national bias adjustment calculator, as shown

in Figure C.1. The figure of 0.76 has decreased slightly from last year.

Figure C.1- National Bias Adjustment Factor for Laboratory

For previous data, years 2012 to 2017, the monitored concentrations and bias

adjustment factors are taken from the Council’s previous LAQM annual reports. The

factors used were 0.79 (2012), 0.81 (2013), 0.81 (2014) and 0.81 (2015) 0.77 (2016),

0.77 (2017)

Discussion of Choice of Factor to Use

With regard to the application of a bias adjustment factor for the diffusion tubes, the

technical guidance LAQM.TG(16) and LAQM Helpdesk recommends use of a local

bias adjustment factor where available and relevant to diffusion tube sites.



However, as the council does not operate any continuous NO2 monitoring, it is not it is

not possible in this case to calculate a local bias adjustment factor. The national factor

has therefore been applied.

Short-term to Long-term Data Adjustment

DV33 has data capture less than 75% during 2018, therefore annualisation has been

undertaken at this location according to the method set out in LAQM TG(16) Box 7.9.

The details of the annualisation have been provided in Table C.1 below.

Table C.1– Annualisation for DV33

Site ID

Unadjusted Annual Mean

(µg/m3)

AF Rochester

Stoke

AF Thurrock

AF Canterbury

Average AF

Annualised Concentration

(µg/m3)

DV33 52.2 0.921 0.973 0.948 0.947 37.6

PM Monitoring Adjustment

The Council undertook monitoring of PM10 based on TEOM analysers at one location

during 2018. TEOMs collect particles on a small oscillating filter. The change in

oscillation frequency of the filter is proportional to the change in PM10 and PM2.5

concentrations. TEOMs are operated at 50°C and as such lose volatile components of

the PM10 and PM2.5. Therefore, the monitoring results have been corrected using

Volatile Correction Model21. The monitoring results are downloaded as gravimetric

equivalent from the Kentair website22. The website managers of the Kentair website

are responsible for the PM10 adjustment.

Distance Correction

There are three sites (DV10, DV24 and DV33) with annual mean NO2 concentrations

within 10% of the annual mean NO2 AQS objective and two sites (DV06/07/08 and DV

30) with annual mean NO2 concentrations slightly above the annual mean NO2 AQS

objective. Distance correction has been completed for location DV33. Distance

correction is applied to the monitored annual mean concentration to estimate the NO2

concentration at the closest relevant receptor location. This has been completed due

to the location of the diffusion tubes not being located at a location of relevant

exposure; the sites (DV24, DV06/07/08 and DV30) are not distance corrected as they

21 https://www.volatile-correction-model.info 22 http://www.kentair.org.uk/

http://www.kentair.org.uk/



located at relevant exposure, and there are no relevant exposure at the same side of

the road as the monitoring DV10. The concentrations that have been calculated

following this procedure can be seen within the NO2 fall off with distance calculator

shown in Figure C.2.

Figure C.2 – Distance Correction Calculations for SK54/55 and SK56/57



Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs

Figure D.1 – Monitoring Locations: A20 West

Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2018. Ordnance Survey 100049046.

Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG

Location

Dover District

Title

Monitoring Locations: A20 West

By Approved

FL HS

Scale Job Ref

Not to Scale 6486897

Date Figure No.

June 2019 D.1



Figure D.2– Monitoring Locations: A20 East



Location

Dover District

Title

Monitoring Locations: A20 East

By Approved

FL HS

Scale Job Ref


Date Figure No.

June 2019 D.2



Figure D.3 – Monitoring Locations: High Street



Location

Dover District

Title

Monitoring Locations: High Street

By Approved

FL HS

Scale Job Ref


Date Figure No.

June 2019 D.3



Figure D.4 – Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley



Location

Dover District

Title

Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley

By Approved

FL HS

Scale Job Ref


Date Figure No.

June 2019 D.4



Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England

Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England

Pollutant Air Quality Objective23

Concentration Measured as

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year

1-hour mean

40 µg/m3 Annual mean

Particulate Matter (PM10)

50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year

24-hour mean

40 µg/m3 Annual mean

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)


1-hour mean


24-hour mean


15-minute mean

23 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m3).



Glossary of Terms

Abbreviation Description

AF Annualisation Factor

AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’

AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives

ASR Air quality Annual Status Report

DDC Dover District Council

Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

DHB Dover Harbour Board

ELES Energy and Low Emissions Strategy

EU European Union

KCC Kent County Council

KMAQP Kent and Medway Air Quality Partnership

LAQM Local Air Quality Management

LDF Local Development Framework

LTP Local Transport Plan

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

NOx Nitrogen Oxides

PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less

PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less

QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control



SO2 Sulphur Dioxide

VCM-corrected TEOM

Volatile Correction Model Corrected Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance



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