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Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017
2017 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management June 2017
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017
Local Authority Officer
Neil Green / Deborah Ferady
Department Regulatory Services
Address The Gateway, Gatehouse Road, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, HP19 8FF
Telephone 01296 585605
E-mail [email protected]
Report Reference number
AVDC/ASR/2017
Date June 2017
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 i
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area
Air Quality in Aylesbury Vale District Council
Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised
as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air
pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people,
and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with
equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent
areas1,2.
The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK
is estimated to be around £16 billion3.
Aylesbury Vale District Council is a district authority in Buckinghamshire with an
estimated population of 193,100 (2016) in an area of 900 square kilometres. The
district is predominantly rural but has several market towns. The main traffic routes
are the A41, A418 and the A421. There are no motorways within the Vale.
The main source of pollution in the district is from road transportation within town
centers’ and at busy junctions. Other sources include sources from outside the
district (i.e. emissions from London & Eastern Europe, etc.), and within the district
boundary (i.e. local industry). There are currently 55 Environmental Permits issued
by Aylesbury Vale District Council or the Environment Agency the largest of which
includes the energy from waste site at Edgcott.
Currently nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is the major pollutant of concern within Aylesbury
Vale and is monitored throughout the district utilising diffusion tubes.
The majority of Aylesbury Vale’s district meets the Air Quality Objectives (AQOs) (set
by the UK Government) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the data for 2016 shows a
reduction in overall levels across the district. However there is one location within the
district, where concentrations of NO2 exceed the objective levels.
1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010
2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006
3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 ii
Aylesbury Vale currently has 3 Air Quality Management Areas (AQMA’s) within its
district all of which are situated near Aylesbury town centre.
Monitoring data from 2016 as discussed in this report leads us to the following
recommendations;
1. The Tring Road AQMA is revoked.
2. Further monitoring undertaken in the Friarage Road AQMA to establish if an
AQMA is still required within this location.
3. Continue to monitor NO2 levels within Buckingham Town Centre.
Aylesbury Vale District Council will be working with internal and external partners to
formulate Action Plans to work towards reducing the levels of pollution in the AQMAs
to meet the Air Quality Objectives. Aylesbury Vale District Council will also continue
to be an active member within the Bucks Air Quality Management Group where
members of all the local authorities in Buckinghamshire, Buckingham County Council
and Public Health England meet to discuss pertinent air quality matters.
The current Air Quality Action Plan for Aylesbury Vale AQMA’s was produced in 2010
and therefore requires updating. Work on this will take place in conjunction with the
above specified recommendations.
Conclusions and Priorities
The data for 2016 shows an overall reduction in NO2 levels within the district. There
has also been a reduction in the number of non automatic monitored sites (diffusion
tubes site) recorded as being above the annual mean objective of 40 µg/m3 when
bias and distance corrected. In 2016 there was one recorded site above the objective
which is located within the Stoke Road AQMA. All other diffusion tube sites in 2016
reported levels were below the annual mean objective level.
The priorities for Aylesbury Vale District Council are to revoke the Tring Road AQMA
and complete further monitoring within the Friarage Road AQMA to determine if the
site can be revoked in the future. Aylesbury Vale District Council will also continue to
monitor NO2 levels within Buckingham Town Centre in line with recommendations
made in the completed Detailed Assessment.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 iii
We must then fully assess other areas and then develop an effective Air Quality
Action Plan to reduce NO2 levels in these areas.
Local Engagement and How to get Involved
Emissions from road transportation are the major source of air pollution in the district
and therefore the public can help reduce local air pollution concentrations by
choosing to walk, cycle and/or use public transport and reduce reliance on cars for
trips where possible.
When using a car for trips emissions can be minimised by ensuring that the vehicle is
not over revved and that the engine is switched off when the vehicle is stationary
(parked) or is likely to be stationary for a period of time. Emissions can be further
reduced by removing unnecessary loads from boots and roof carriers to minimise the
weight which improves fuel efficiency.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 iv
Table of Contents
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area .......................................................... i
Air Quality in Aylesbury Vale District Council ...................................................................... i
Conclusions and Priorities ................................................................................................. ii
Local Engagement and How to get Involved ..................................................................... iii
1 Local Air Quality Management ........................................................................ 1
2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................ 2
2.1 Air Quality Management Areas .............................................................................. 2
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Aylesbury Vale .......... 4
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or
Concentrations.................................................................................................................. 7
3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality
Objectives and National Compliance ...................................................................... 8
3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken ...................................................................... 8
3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites ............................................................................................ 8
3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites..................................................................................... 8
3.2 Individual Pollutants .............................................................................................. 8
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)................................................................................................... 8
Appendix A: Monitoring Results ........................................................................... 13
Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2016 ................................ 21
Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring
Data QA/QC ............................................................................................................. 23
Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs ................................. 25
Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England .............................. 41
Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................. 42
References .............................................................................................................. 43
List of Tables
Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas .................................................. 3 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality .......................................... 6
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 1
1 Local Air Quality Management
This report provides an overview of air quality in Aylesbury Vale during 2016. It fulfils
the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of
the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance
documents.
The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review
and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality
objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the
local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare
an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place
in pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual
requirement showing the strategies employed by Aylesbury Vale District Council to
improve air quality and any progress that has been made.
The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in
Table E.1 in Appendix E.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 2
2 Actions to Improve Air Quality
2.1 Air Quality Management Areas
Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance
or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must
prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures
it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.
A summary of AQMAs declared by Aylesbury Vale District Council can be found in
Table 2.1. Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps
of AQMA boundaries are available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local-
authorities?la_id=8 . Alternatively, see Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations
and AQMAs, which provides for a map of air quality monitoring locations in relation to
the AQMA(s).
We propose to revoke Tring Road AQMA (see monitoring section). We also propose
to continue to monitor the Friarage Road AQMA with the intention to revoke if future
monitoring results indicate it is no longer required.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 3
Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas
AQMA Name
Date of Declaration
Pollutants and Air Quality
Objectives
City / Town
One Line Description
Is air quality in the AQMA
influenced by roads
controlled by Highways England?
Level of Exceedance (maximum monitored/modelled concentration at a
location of relevant exposure) Action Plan (inc. date of publication)
At Declaration Now
Friarage Road AQMA
16-Jun-08 NO2 Annual
Mean Aylesbury
An area encompassing a
number of properties along the
A418 (Friarage Road and Oxford
Road) in Aylesbury.
NO 44 29.5 Action plan to be updated
Stoke Road AQMA
16-Jun-08 NO2 Annual
Mean Aylesbury
An area encompassing the
junction of the A413 Wendover Road, Walton St, and
B4443 Stoke Road in Aylesbury
NO 59 35.1 Action plan to be updated
Tring Road AQMA
04-Jul-05 NO2 Annual
Mean Aylesbury
An area encompassing a stretch of the A41 Tring Road and
properties bordering it between the
Oakfield Road/King Edward Avenue
Junction and Queen Street in
Aylesbury.
NO 40 27.8
AQMA to be revoked.
Action plan not required
☒ Aylesbury Vale District Council confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 4
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Aylesbury Vale
Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded Aylesbury Vale District Council should
review their action plan, that there is evidence that the Tring Road AQMA should be
revoked and that the council should consider further assessment in order to provide
the basis for developing further measures to reduce emissions in key hot spot
locations.
To address these actions Aylesbury Vale District Council have started to review their
action plan and have taken steps to revoke the Tring Road AQMA.
The 2016 ASR also concluded that the NO2 levels in Buckigham indicated that there
was a need further analysis of the air quality within Buckingham town centre.
Aylesbury Vale District Council therefore proposed to undertake an air modelling
assessment of the area to determine whether there is a need to declare a new
AQMA and if so where the boundaries should be drawn.
In line with this a Detailed Assessment was completed in June 2017 which concluded
there are no exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective at locations where
relevant exposure is present. Therefore Aylesbury Vale District Council are not
required to declare an AQMA in Buckingham town centre at this time.
The Detailed Assessment did however indicate that annual mean NO2 concentrations
are close to the air quality objectives of 40 µg/m3 at locations where relevant
exposure may be present. Therefore diffusion tubes will continue to be deployed
within Buckingham Town Centre to monitor any future trends in recorded levels.
Additional diffusion tubes were deployed within and around the Friarage Road AQMA
in order to establish any variation to the AQMAs was required. The 2016 data from
Friarage Road AQMA shows an improvement in NO2 levels. Further monitoring will
be completed in this area in order to determine if the AQMA can be revoked.
Additional tubes were also deployed within the Stoke Road AQMA. The 2016 data
showed an improvement in NO2 levels in all locations monitored. However one
diffusion tube recorded a level above the was still above the annual objective level at
the nearest relevant exposure. Monitoring will continue and this information will be
used to inform the updating of the Action Plan.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 5
Aylesbury Vale District Council’s priorities for the coming year are:
Revoke Tring Road AQMA
Continue to gather monitoring data on NO2 levels within the Stoke Road
AQMA and Buckingham Town Centre.
Review and update the Action Plan in line with the updated guidance
Whilst the measures stated above and in Error! Reference source not found. will
help to contribute towards compliance, Aylesbury Vale District Council anticipates
that further additional measures not yet prescribed will be required in subsequent
years to achieve compliance and enable the revocation of Stoke Road AQMA and
Friarage Road AQMA.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 6
Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality
Measure No.
Measure EU Category EU
Classification
Organisations involved
and Funding Source
Planning Phase
Implementation Phase
Key Performance
Indicator
Reduction in Pollutant /
Emission from Measure
Progress to Date
Estimated / Actual
Completion Date
Comments / Barriers to
implementation
1
Introduce new planning policy to include electronic charging points
within large developments
Policy Guidance and Development
Control
Air Quality Planning and
Policy Guidance
LA funded Dec-17 Jan-18 To be
confirmed
Reduced vehicle emissions
Funding secured, planning phase
Feb-18
2
Requirement for mandatory air
quality assessments to be
submitted for all large
developments
Policy Guidance and Development
Control
Policy Guidance and Development
Control
LA funded Dec-17
Jan-18
To be
confirmed
Reduced vehicle emissions
Funding secured, planning phase
Feb-18
3
Obtain powers under the Road Traffic (Vehicle
Emissions) (Fixed Penalty)(England) Regulations 2002 to introduce and implement a 'no idling' campaign
Traffic Management
Anti-idling enforcement
LA funded
January 2018/February 2018
February 2018/March
2018
To be confirmed
Reduced vehicle emissions
Funding secured, planning phase
Apr-18
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 7
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations
As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are
expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5
(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear
evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature
mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.
There is no regulatory standard applied to the PM2.5 role (for local authorities in
England) with respect to action to reduce emissions or concentrations of fine
particulate air pollution, although action to tackle PM10/NOx would usually contribute
to this. The EU Ambient Air Quality Directive does however set out air quality
standards for PM2.5 including an exposure reduction obligation, a target value and a
limit value, which may act as a guide to local authorities when interpreting their role.
Aylesbury Vale District Council also have 3 smoke control areas in Aylesbury. A map
showing the locations of the smoke control areas can be found at
https://www.aylesburyvaledc.gov.uk/smoke-control-areas-0.
Smoke control areas are areas where smoke cannot be emitted from a domestic
chimney unless an authorised fuel is burnt or an ‘exempt appliance’ is used in order
to reduce the amount of pollution emitted.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 8
3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance
3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken
3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites
This section sets out what monitoring has taken place and how it compares with
objectives.
Aylesbury Vale District Council undertook automatic (continuous) monitoring at 1 site
during 2016. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of this site. The results from
the automatic continuous monitor are available at
http://www.airqualityengland.co.uk/local-authority/?la_id=14.
A map showing the location of the monitoring site is provided in Appendix D. Further
details on how the monitor is calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are
included in Appendix C.
3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Aylesbury Vale District Council undertook non- automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2
at 27 sites during 2016. Table A.2 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites.
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D.
Further details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes,
including bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. “annualisation”
and/or distance correction), are included in Appendix C.
3.2 Individual Pollutants
The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant,
adjusted for bias, “annualisation” and distance correction. Further details on
adjustments are provided in Appendix C.
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Table A.3 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual
mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.
For diffusion tubes, the full 2016 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in
Appendix B.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 9
Table A.4 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored NO2 hourly
mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 200µg/m3,
not to be exceeded more than 18 times per year.
Automatic Monitoring Data
The real time data obtained at Tring Road AQMA in 2015 indicated the site was
significantly below the annual mean objective for this pollutant with a measured level
of 26.2 µg/m3 when corrected for distance to the nearest relevant receptor. The
revised Updated and Screening Assessment in 2015 also recommended the
revocation of this AQMA. Therefore it was considered there was no longer a need to
have an Automatic Monitoring site in this location and the Tring Road Automatic
Monitoring site was decomissioned in April 2016.
The Walton Street Automatic Monitoring site measured in 40 µg/m3 in 2016 which
equates to 34.3 µg/m3 at the nearest relevant receptor This is based on 95% data
capture and is below the annual mean objective for this pollutant. In 2015 the
measured level was 34.1 µg/m3 based on 89% annual data capture which illustrates
that air quality at this location has not deteriorated. There were no hourly
exceedences of the 200 µg/m3 hourly objective. This monitoring site is currently
located to the north of the Stoke Road AQMA.
The revised Updating and Screening Assessment in 2015 recommended that the
monitoring network be expanded in and around the Stoke Road AQMA to inform any
future delineation changes to this AQMA. The continuous monitoring results from
2016 indicate that there have been no exceedances in the annual mean for the
pollutant north of the Stoke Road AQMA. Aylesbury Vale District Council therefore
propose to move the monitoring site back into the boundary of the Stoke Road
AQMA. Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites and the AQMAs are
provided in Appendix D.
Diffusion Tube data
Monitoring in and around Friarage Road AQMA (please see the tube location
plans in Appendix D).
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 10
There are two diffusion tubes inside the Friarage Road AQMA, numbers 20 and 21
on Oxford Road. As demonstrated in Table B.1 in 2016 the levels of nitrogen dioxide,
when bias and distance corrected in line with TG.09 Guidance, were well below the
annual mean objective of 40 µg/m3 at 28 µg/m3 and 19 µg/m3 respectively. This is
consistent with previous year’s data.
Two additional diffusion tubes located just outside of the Friarage Road AQMA were
also well below the annual mean objective of 40 µg/m3 in 2016 when bias and
distance corrected. These are tube 22, located to the north west of the AQMA, which
recorded a level of 22 µg/m3 and tube 23, located to the north of the AQMA, recorded
a level of 30 µg/m3.
As the levels recorded with the Friarage Road AQMA are significantly below the
annual mean objective level for the past two years they indicate that the AQMA may
no longer be required and could be revoked. Monitoring will continue at this location
in 2017 to inform any future decision.
Monitoring in and around the Stoke Road AQMA (please see the tube location
plans in Appendix D).
There are four diffusion tubes within the Stoke Road AQMA. These are number 14
and 18 located on Walton Street and numbers 15 and 16 located on Stoke Road. As
demonstrated in Table B.1, tube 14 recorded a level of 45 µg/m3 after bias and
distance adjustments were made. This is above the annual mean objective of 40
µg/m3 for nitrogen dioxide. The remaining tubes 15, 16 and 18 were recorded to be
below the objective when bias and distance corrected with all three tubes recording a
level of 35 µg/m3.
One additional diffusion tube located just outside of the Stoke Road AQMA, to the
north, recorded a level of 37 µg/m3 where previously the objective had been
exceeded.
When compared to last years data all diffusion tubes within and immediately outside
the Stoke Road AQMA have shown a reduction in nitrogen dioxide levels in 2016. In
addition in 2015 three tubes out of five recorded an exceedance whereas in 2016
only one tube, tube 14, recorded an exceedance.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 11
This most recent monitoring data supports the view that this AQMA should be left in
situ however further monitoring should be completed to establish any future trends of
the pollutant within the area and if any further reductions occur.
Monitoring in and around the Tring Road AQMA (please see the tube location
plans in Appendix D).
Aylesbury Vale District Council deployed diffusion tube numbers 12 and 13 in this
area which both measured 28 µg/m3 when bias and distance corrected. These levels
are comfortably below the annual mean objective level and are consistent with the
measurements taken in previous years. As recommended in the 2016 ASR, this
AQMA is to be revoked. It is anticipated that this will be undertaken before December
2017.
Monitoring outside the AQMA’s
Buckingham Town Centre
There are currently 7 diffusion tubes located on the main routes into Buckingham
town centre. These are shown on the map in Appendix D.
Tube 5 and tube 6 in the Market Hill area measured 26 µg/m3 and 36 µg/m3
respectively when bias and distance corrected in line with TG.09 Guidance. These
readings are below the annual mean objective of 40 µg/m3 where previously the
objective had been exceeded.
The remaining tubes within Buckingham, tubes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7, all measured below
the annual mean objective with recorded levels of 32 µg/m3, 35 µg/m3, 16 µg/m3, 16
µg/m3 and 30 µg/m3 respectively once bias and distance corrected. This is consistent
with previous year’s data.
A Detailed Assessment was completed within Buckingham Town Centre based on
the data from 2016 and previous years in July 2017. This assessment concluded that
an there was no requirement to declare and AQMA in this location but monitoring
should continue.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 12
Other tube sites
All other tube sites in 2016 reported levels were below the annual mean objective
level and no further consideration of these is considered necessary.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 13
Appendix A: Monitoring Results
Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites
Site ID Site
Name Site Type
X OS Grid Ref
Y OS Grid Ref
Pollutants Monitored
In AQMA?
Monitoring Technique
Distance to Relevant
Exposure (m) (1)
Distance to kerb of
nearest road (m)
(2)
Inlet Height (m)
AM5 Walton Street
Roadside 482266 213315 NO2 NO Chemiluminescent;
FDMS 5 4 1
Notes:
(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 14
Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Site ID Site Name Site Type X OS
Grid Ref Y OS Grid
Ref Pollutants Monitored
In AQMA?
Distance to
Relevant Exposure
(m) (1)
Distance to kerb of nearest
road (m) (2)
Tube collocated
with a Continuous Analyser?
Height (m)
1 West Street, Buckingham
Roadside 469518 234006 NO2 NO 0 1.5 NO 2
2 3 Bridge Street,
Buckingham Roadside 469587 233939 NO2 NO 0 2 NO 2
3 Well Street, Buckingham
Roadside 469601 233858 NO2 NO 0 1 NO 2
4 Bridge Street, Buckingham
Roadside 469672 233862 NO2 NO 0 5 NO 2
5 Market Square,
Buckingham Roadside 469610 233982 NO2 NO 0 8 NO 2
6 16 Market Square,
Buckingham Roadside 469597 233999 NO2 NO 1 2 NO 2
7 6 High Street,
Winslow Roadside 469727 234117 NO2 NO 0.5 3 NO 2
8 29 High Street,
Winslow Roadside 476979 227698 NO2 NO 0 2.5 NO 2
9 27 Elmhurst
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 481891 214979 NO2 NO 11 2 NO 2
10 181 Aylesbury Road, Bierton
Roadside 483948 215645 NO2 NO 1 2 NO 2
11 Cambridge
Street, Aylesbury
Roadside 482177 214093 NO2 NO 1 1 NO 2
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 15
12 87 Tring Road,
Aylesbury Roadside 483128 213637 NO2 YES 2.5 3 NO 2
13 183 Tring
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 483601 213590 NO2 NO 13 3 NO 2
14 25 Wendover
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 482436 213121 NO2 NO 1 2.5 NO 2
15 2 Stoke Road,
Aylesbury Roadside 482444 213090 NO2 YES 1 1 NO 2
16 31 Stoke
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 482376 213039 NO2 YES 3 2.5 NO 2
17
Viridian Square,
Walton Street, Aylesbury
Roadside 482278 213271 NO2 NO 4 2 NO 2
18 1-5 Wendover
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 482374 213170 NO2 YES 2 1 NO 2
19 Exchange
Street, Aylesbury
Roadside 482237 213717 NO2 NO 2.5 0.5 NO 2
20
Friarage Road/Oxford
Road Roundabout,
Aylesbury
Roadside 481451 213588 NO2 YES 7 2 NO 2
21 Oxford Road,
Aylesbury Roadside 481381 213823 NO2 NO 8.5 5 NO 2
22 10 Gatehouse
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 481408 213940 NO2 NO 12.5 0.5 NO 2
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 16
23
Moorlands House,
Friarage Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 481514 213860 NO2 YES 4 2 NO 2
24
Stonehaven Road/Bicester
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 480710 214576 NO2 NO 12 3 NO 2
25 Buckingham
Road, Aylesbury
Roadside 481768 214276 NO2 NO 5 3 NO 2
26 High Street, Wendover
Roadside 486811 207795 NO2 NO 1 3 NO 2
27 91 Leighton Road, Wing
Roadside 488573 222902 NO2 NO 2.5 1.5 NO 2
Notes:
(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable.
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 17
Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results
Site ID Site Type Monitoring
Type
Valid Data Capture for Monitoring
Period (%) (1)
Valid Data Capture
2016 (%) (2)
NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3)
(3)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
AM5 Roadside Automatic n/a 95 n/a n/a 44 34.1 40
1 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 34.5 32
2 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 43.3 39.9 43.3 40.3 34.8
3 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 16.3 15.6
4 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 16.8 16.3
5 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 30.1 42.2 31.6 28.8 26.2
6 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 27.5 32 41.1 41.6 38.1
7 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 n/a n/a n/a 34.6 30.1
8 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 33.9 36.6 33.6 32.8 21.2
9 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 31.8 28.9 27.4 29 33
10 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 30.6 30.7 29 25.7 24.9
11 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 34.7 24.8 33.6 31.8 32.3
12 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 30.9 31.3 29.3 30.3 30.5
13 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 30.3 32 30 21.2 39.7
14 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 29.5 33 40.2 54 47.9
Aylesbury Vale District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 18
15 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 83 27.9 33.8 42.2 41.3 38.3
16 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 37.2 39.6
17 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 40.5 36.2 39.7 42.2 45
18 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 35.7 40
19 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 32.3 38.5
20 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 34.4 35.1 31.2 30.7 34.2
21 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 n/a n/a n/a 21.1 21.2
22 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 n/a n/a n/a 21.7 31.6
23 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 41.6 42.2 47.1 36.8 34.5
24 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 31 29.3 26.7 27.9 32.1
25 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 100 28.7 29.9 27.6 27.3 26.8
26 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 n/a n/a n/a 29.2 24.7
27 Roadside Diffusion
Tube n/a 92 n/a n/a n/a 34.8 35
☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected
☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%
☒ If applicable, all data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure
Notes:
Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.
NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.
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(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.
(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).
(3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.
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Table A.4 – 1-Hour Mean NO2 Monitoring Results
Site ID Site Type Monitoring
Type
Valid Data Capture for Monitoring Period (%)
(1)
Valid Data Capture
2016 (%) (2)
NO2 1-Hour Means > 200µg/m3 (3)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
AM5 Roadside Automatic n/a 95.4 - - 0 0 0
Notes:
Exceedances of the NO2 1-hour mean objective (200µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times/year) are shown in bold.
(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.
(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).
(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 99.8th percentile of 1-hour means is provided in brackets.
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Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2016
Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2016
Site ID
NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Annual Mean
Raw Data
Bias Adjusted (factor)
and Annualised
(1)
Distance Corrected
to Nearest
Exposure (2)
1 37.2 30.9 40.8 34.8 50.8 40.8 31.9 34.5 45.0 49.7 50.1 52.2 41.6 32.00 32
2 50.3 37.9 39.9 35.3 48.7 37.4 40.9 37.1 52.7 M 57.3 59.3 45.2 34.78 34.8
3 19.4 17.5 18.4 14.7 19.7 16.6 11.9 14.4 21.9 25.5 27.1 36.2 20.3 15.62 15.6
4 19.6 18.1 20.7 15.0 22.3 18.2 13.1 15.6 21.7 29.6 27.5 32.9 21.2 16.32 16.3
5 35.3 30.7 28.0 20.8 43.8 30.1 24.6 24.1 36.2 40.4 45.0 48.4 34.0 26.15 26.2
6 52.8 40.5 39.7 38.7 52.5 49.4 46.9 43.3 52.7 51.6 62.3 62.6 49.4 38.06 35.5
7 45.4 29.6 32.1 31.5 47.0 35.3 35.2 35.9 M 42.1 48.0 54.2 39.7 30.55 29.8
8 42.2 32.7 37.0 29.2 48.0 34.0 33.6 33.2 43.2 43.6 51.3 58.6 40.6 31.23 31.2
9 48.7 36.0 18.2 29.8 49.0 37.9 40.9 42.9 49.3 41.2 57.1 63.1 42.8 32.99 24.8
10 33.6 29.1 24.9 23.2 31.8 28.0 24.8 24.1 36.2 34.0 45.2 53.3 32.4 24.91 23.7
11 44.6 30.1 39.4 28.3 41.1 37.7 36.9 36.8 45.3 45.5 54.5 63.3 42.0 32.31 29.8
12 38.3 34.1 35.4 M 42.9 34.5 24.6 32.0 35.8 46.5 54.0 56.9 39.5 30.45 27.8
13 45.5 39.6 35.6 34.9 57.8 51.8 53.7 48.4 54.8 59.7 67.2 69.7 51.6 39.70 28.4
14 73.0 57.2 48.7 45.5 62.7 53.1 65.7 62.2 71.5 50.2 75.0 81.5 62.2 47.89 45.2
15 51.9 42.5 37.0 44.4 59.3 44.9 49.1 49.7 49.5 M M 69.5 49.8 38.33 35.1
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16 55.9 36.3 41.8 36.1 61.4 46.4 46.6 50.0 52.2 54.5 61.6 73.1 51.3 39.52 34.7
17 69.4 48.6 45.3 43.3 58.2 49.1 61.0 53.3 67.2 52.0 74.2 80.1 58.5 45.03 37.3
18 55.1 41.9 43.7 38.7 55.3 49.0 48.9 47.6 54.2 51.7 68.0 69.8 52.0 40.04 34.5
19 50.6 36.4 39.1 37.4 59.1 44.9 39.4 43.8 54.1 60.2 63.2 71.8 50.0 38.50 31.1
20 51.9 42.4 31.4 40.5 47.2 44.4 37.3 41.2 50.0 42.8 M 59 44.4 34.16 27.5
21 28.7 26.4 20.2 20.9 na 24.2 17.1 20.3 31.2 35.7 29.7 48.2 27.5 21.19 19.4
22 39.1 46.6 34.7 46.0 57.3 29.9 29.2 29.4 39.7 37.9 46.1 55.8 41.0 31.55 22.2
23 44.9 34.8 22.6 23.6 31.0 57.0 37.0 43.4 57.5 67.9 M 72.5 44.7 34.45 29.5
24 45.0 31.7 24.8 33.0 36.3 38.6 40.7 39.9 47.5 40.3 53.9 68.7 41.7 32.10 24.8
25 44.5 27.9 30.8 24.0 39.6 32.3 23.5 28.2 36.8 35.3 37.3 57.8 34.8 26.83 23.9
26 39.6 24.5 28.9 19.1 30.5 28.6 M 28.7 39.2 33.1 27.8 52.2 32.0 24.66 23.6
27 47.9 38.0 35.8 na 41.1 44.4 40.5 42.2 51.6 51.3 45.7 61.4 45.4 34.99 29.9
☐ Local bias adjustment factor used
☒ National bias adjustment factor used
☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%
Notes:
Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.
NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.
(1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation.
(2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure.
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Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC
Diffusion tubes are provided by Bureau Veritas (with a preparation method of 50%
TEA v/v in Acetone) and analysed by ESG Ltd by UV Spectrometry following the
procedures set out in the Harmonisation Practical Guidance. Analysis is carried out in
accordance with documented in-house laboratory Method GLM6.13
A bias adjustment factor of 0.77 was obtained from the National Diffusion Tube Bias
Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet (Version number 03/17 V2). The overall factor for
ESG Didcot lab, 50% TEA in Acetone, 2016, monthly exposed tubes was used.
No annualisation of the diffusion tube data is necessary because the data capture
rate is more than 75% at all tube locations. In total tube data for a one month period
was omitted at two locations due to tube contamination by spiders. Six tube locations
had a single month with no data due to missing tubes and one location had two
months with no data due to missing tubes.
The data has been distance corrected using the ‘NO2 fall off with distance from roads
calculator v4.1’. The background NO2 data for the calculation was retrieved from the
local background mapping data which is available on the DEFRA website at
https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm-background-maps?year=2013.
Our continuous logger is serviced and maintained by Riccardo AEA. Their audit
service is accredited by UKAS to ISO17025 for the on-site calibration of the gas
analysers. The quality control programme consists of 2 quality control audits per
year at 6 monthly intervals. These audit results provide:
Independent confirmation of appropriate data scaling factors for each gaseous
instrument
Independent assessment of analyser performance
An assessment of calibration cylinder concentrations, critical for accurate data
scaling
An Assessment of analyser flows and leak checks
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Ricardo Energy and Environment currently provide UKAS accredited quality control
audits and data management services to the DEFRA national network (AURN) air
quality monitoring stations. The same service is provided for the Aylesbury Vale
District Council air quality monitoring programme.
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Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs Location of Continuous monitor at Walton Street, Aylesbury
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Location of Diffusion Tubes Buckingham
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Winslow
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Bicester Road, Aylesbury
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Buckingham Road, Aylesbury
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Elmhurst Road, Aylesbury
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Exchange Street/Cambridge Street, Aylesbury
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Friarage Road/Oxford Road/Gatehouse Road, Aylesbury
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Stoke Road/Walton Street/Wendover Road, Aylesbury
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Tring Road, Aylesbury
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Aylesbury Road, Bierton
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High Street, Wendover
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Leighton Road, Wing
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Location of AQMA’s Stoke Road AQMA
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Friarage Road AQMA
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Tring Road AQMA
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Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England
Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England
Pollutant Air Quality Objective4
Concentration Measured as
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year
1-hour mean
40 µg/m3 Annual mean
Particulate Matter (PM10)
50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year
24-hour mean
40 µg/m3 Annual mean
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
350 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a year
1-hour mean
125 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a year
24-hour mean
266 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year
15-minute mean
4 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m
3).
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Glossary of Terms
Abbreviation Description
AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’
AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives
ASR Air quality Annual Status Report
Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
DMRB Design Manual for Roads and Bridges – Air quality screening tool produced by Highways England
EU European Union
FDMS Filter Dynamics Measurement System
LAQM Local Air Quality Management
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less
PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less
QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control
SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
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References
AVDC (2016) Annual Screening report. Available at
http://www.aylesburyvaledc.gov.uk/section/air-quality
Local Air Quality Management Technical Guidance (LAQM.TG(09))
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/
69334/pb13081-tech-guidance-laqm-tg-09-090218.pdf
Defra website NO2 fall off with distance calculator accessed at
http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/tools-monitoring-data/no2-falloff.html
Defra website National bias adjustment factor spreadsheet (version 3/15)
accessed at http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/bias-adjustment-factors/national-
bias.html
Defra website Background maps accessed at
http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/review-and-assessment/tools/background-maps.html
Buckinghamshire Air Quality website http://www.bucksairquality.co.uk/
Air quality England website hosting data from AVDC’s continuous loggers. http://www.airqualityengland.co.uk/local-authority/?la_id=14