Saying the dateFormula =
Es el (number) de (month)Exception =
The first of the month is “Es el primero de (month)”
Example = May 5th
Es el cinco de mayoPractice: Write the following dates
ChristmasNew years day August 10th
Es el veinticinco de diciembre
Es el primero de eneroEs el diez de agosto
Definite and indefinite articlesDefinition of an article: a small word that comes
before a noun and translates as “the, a, an, some”. It must match the item in number and gender.Definite articles refer to something specific. “the”Indefinite articles refer to something in general. “a,
an, some”
Definite articles Singular Plural
Masculine
Feminine
el
la
los
las
Indefinite articles
Singular Plural
Masculine
Feminine
un
una
unos
unas
Subject pronounsSubject pronouns replace the name of the person
doing the action in a sentence.In English they are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
Spanish subject pronouns Singular Plural
1st person
2nd person
3rd person
yo
tú
élella
usted (Ud.)
Nosotros, nosotras
ellosellas
ustedes (Uds.)
SerThe verb ser is one of two verbs in Spanish that
translates as “to be”. The verbs are not interchangeable.
Use ser in the following situations: The hour, day, and date nationality Occupation Physical or character description Religious or political affiliation Origin Possession relationship of one person to another certain impersonal expressions where an event is taking place essential qualities The material something is made of
“to be” English conjugations
I amYou are
He, she, it isWe are
They are
SER Singular Plural
1st person I am = __________________ We are ____________________
2nd person You (familiar) are ____________ XXX
3rd person
He is =____________________
She is=____________________
You(formal) are =___________
it is=______________________
They (m) are=_______________
They (f) are=_______________
all of you are=______________
They (things) are =___________
Yo soy
Tú eres
Él es
ella es
Ud. es
es
Nosotros(as) somos
Ellos son
Ellas son
Ustedes son
son
TimeTelling time Formula =
(Es/son) + (la, las) + (hour) + (y/menos) + (minutes) + (Time of day) At what time formula =
A + (la, las) + (hour) + (y/menos) + (minutes) + (Time of day) Examples: 1:10 pm __________________________________________________________
8:30am __________________________________________________________
7:15 pm __________________________________________________________
9:45 am __________________________________________________________
Or_________________________________________________________
Es la una y diez de la tarde
Son las ocho y media de la mañanaSon las siete y cuarto de la nocheSon las nueve y cuarenta y cinco de la mañanaSon las diez menos cuarto de la mañana
AdjectivesAdjectives definition
A word that describes or modifies a nounAdjectives in Spanish must match the noun in
number and genderAdjectives are generally placed after the
noun in the sentence.El carro verde
Los carros verdes
Conjugating –ar verbsDefinitions
Verb
Infinitive
Subject
Subject pronouns
Conjugate
Conjugations
A word that represents an action or a state of being– “it’s what you do”the simple or basic form of the verb, the unchanged
verb with the –ar, -er, or –ir still attached to the end of the word. Generally means “to do something” ex: hablar – to speak
the person doing the action
Words that replace the person’s name and used as the subject of a noun
changing the verb to match the subject
the forms of the verb after it has been conjugated or changed to match the subjects
Conjugating –ar verbsSteps1.Take off the –ar ending.
Hablar –ar = habl (this is called the stem)2.Figure out who the subject is
Yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, nosotras, ellos, ellas, ustedes
3.Add the appropriate endingo
as
a
amos
an
Example: HABLAR
Singular Plural
1st person
2nd Person
3rd person
hablohablashabla
hablamos
hablan
Irregular verbs IR, DAR, and EstarConjugations and translations
Ir = __________ Dar = ____________ Estar = ____________To go
voy
vas
va
vamos
van
To give
das
da
damos
dan
doy
To be
estoy
estás
está están
estamos
IRThe verb ir and its conjugations are generally
followed by “a”To say you are going to do something formula (ir) + a + (infinitive)To say you are going to some place formula (ir) + a + (article) + (noun)Contractions: _______ + _______ = ________ (to the, at the)_______ + _______ = ________ (of the, from the)
a el al
de el del
Voy a estudiar
vamos a la escuela
EstarThis verb is not interchangeable with ser!Usage Rhyme:How you feel and where you are, you always
use the verb estar.Health, feelings, location, emotions, present
progressive tense