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BORNEO
NATION BUILDING
DEFINITION
The process of constructing
or structuring a national
identity to unify the people
so that the country remains
politically, economically
and socially stable.
PURPOSE
To develop the spirit of patriotism
To foster national unity by developing a
new nation and an integrated race
To establish solidarity among its people
Labels the citizens with a new identity
To form unity which can be channelled
towards developing a country
The country must have gained independence
The society should have solidarity
The country should organized political
system
The country should have autonomy
The government-of-the-day must have the
people’s mandate
5 ELEMENTS
SINCE INDEPENDENCE IN 1957, MALAYSIA HAS CONSTANTLY
FOCUSED ON ‘STATE BUILDING’ RATHER THAN ‘NATION BUILDING’
Firstly •‘nation building’ had occurred since the 1940s, the strongest influences being the nationalist movements that were brought together for the formation of UMNO
Secondly •‘nation building’ was changed to ‘state building’ under Tunku Abdul Rahman
Thirdly• nation building had been altered
in the 1970s in order to adopt the political multiracial building of Tun Abdul Razak’s reign in power to the Tun Hussein Onn administration
Fourthly
• in the 1980s, when Dr. Mahathir took office after Tun Hussein Onn, nation building was transformed into ‘Islamic-Eastern building’
Mahathir transformed Malaysian ‘state building’ to adapt to
international change, by giving priority to the East rather than
the West.
His ‘Look East’ policy dominated the paradigm change in the
‘state building’ in the first era of Mahathir’s administration
The second phaseof Mahathir’s plan was to modify the
concept of ‘state building’ in Malaysia to deal with Islamic
extremism by focusing on gaining support from the Islamic
world to recognize Malaysia as an Islamic state and that the
government is following the right view of Islamic Sunnah
This provides a balance between ‘state building’ and the
‘nation building’ in Malaysia. Under Dr. Mahathir’s reign, the
process for state building is ‘enormously excellent’
WHY WE NEED NATION
BUILDING???
BEFORE INDEPENDENCE
This cause races are not united among
themselves because of:
Ignorance of other ethnic groups -segregation or
physical separation
Process of socialization limited to within ethnic
group
Communal Politics
Socio-economic difference
cultural differences
1. Plural Society
The 13th May 1969 Incident was a term for the
Sino-Malay sectarian violence in Kuala Lumpur.
Because of more aggressive affirmative action
policies, such as the New Economics Policy
(NEP), after 1969.
Because of the influence by extremism and
communism
AFTER INDEPENDENCE
2. 13TH MAY 1969 BLOODY INCIDENT
Ignorance of other ethnic groups
Process of socialization limited to within
ethnic group
Communal Politics
Socio-Economic difference
Cultural Differences
Segregation/Physical Separation
OBSTACLES
HOW???
1957-National Language Act Position of Bahasa Melayu as the national language was
enshrined in Perkara 152 Perlembagaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu in 1957.
Steps to promote the Malay language:
1. Establishment Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka in 1956
2. Launching “Minggu Bahasa” and “Bulan Bahasa.”
3. In 1960, the slogan “Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa” was launched
and the establishment of secondary schools use Malay as
the medium of instruction as the Sekolah Alam Shah,
Sekolah Sri Puteri and Sekolah Sultan Abdul Halim.
31 August 1970 -National Ideologyto achieve a greater unity of all
her peoples;
to maintain a democratic way of
life;
to create a just society in which
the wealth of the nation shall be
equitably shared;
to build a progressive society
which shall be oriented to modern
science and technology;
Belief in God
Loyalty To King
and
Country
Upholding the
constitution
Rule of laws
Courtesy and
Morality
1971- New Economic Policy (NEP)By Tun Abdul Razak
to balance the socio-economic dispute among races
to reduce and eventually eradicate poverty
to reduce and eventually eradicate identification of
economic function with race
such as the Chinese’s dominance in the mining and
industrial sectors, and the Malay’s reliance on self-
subsistence economic areas.
1971-National Culture Policyorganized by the Ministry of Culture, Youth
and Sports in 1971.to enrich and enhance the quality of life in
terms of human and spiritual balance with socio-economic development.
Principles:1. The original people of the Malay culture as a
vital.2. Other elements cultural fit and acceptable.3. Islam as a key element.
1971-1990-National Education PolicyThe main objectives of educational policy are:
1. To fulfill development requirements;
2. To create social integration and national
unity.
3. The task of nation-building would be difficult
without social and political stability.
THE BARNES REPORT
THE FENN-WU REPORT
THE RAZAK STATEMENT 1956
THE RAHMAN TALIB STATEMENT 1960 and EDUCATION ACT 1961
THE SMART SCHOOL
1974-‘Look East Policy’Barisan Nasional’s Government under Tun
Abdul Razak was approaching China to get
closer ties.
The improvement of relations with China
made the Chinese population in Malaysia
feel secure that they can visit China
anytime without any prejudice from the
Malaysian Government
1991-Five year National Development PlansPurpose
To ensure economic justice thereby improving people’s living standards after the 13th May 1969 incident
To eradicate the poor, restructuring of society and helping the needy.
New approaches are taken in order to implement it:
1. A quality and lasting performance
2. Competition in International Markets
3. Vision 2020
4. Poverty Eradication
5. Restructuring of Society
1986-Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA):
SUKMA is held once in two years and now
from 2011 it is held once every year to
strengthen the unity and the relationship
between the states.
Slogan: “Majulah Sukan Untuk Negara”
1. Establish a united Malaysian nation with a sense of common
and shared destiny. 2. create a psychologically
liberated, secure, and developed Malaysian Society .
3. fostered and develop a mature democratic society
4. Establish a fully moral and ethical society.
5. Establish a matured, liberal and tolerant society.
6. establish a scientific and progressive society.
7 establish a fully caring society and a caring culture.
8. Ensure an economically just society.
9. establish a prosperous society.
1991-Vision 2020By:YAB Dato' Seri Dr
Mahathir Mohamad.developing Malaysia
into an industrialised country.
to create a Malaysian nation that is united and has similar aspirations, integrate at the territorial level and between ethnics based on equal rights and justice’.
9 Challenges
2009-The 1 Malaysia ConceptBy Dato' Sri NajibFounded upon the principle of ‘People First,
Performance Now’ To build a united and progressive Malaysian
nation in 21st centuryPutting the welfare of the people as the
government’s prime concernThrough this concept, we have 1
Malaysia clinic and grocery.
CONCLUSI
ON
REFERENCES
http://myopinion-arnold.blogspot.com/2013/01/role-of-sabah-and-sarawak-in-nation.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zu6tV2CiZyQ
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_13_incident_(Malaysia)
http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol._1_No._9_Special_Issue_July_2011/25.pdf
http://www.malaysia.gov.my/EN/Main/MsianGov/GovRukunegara/Pages/GovRukunegara.aspx
http://astonjournals.com/manuscripts/Vol2010/ASSJ-3_Vol2010.pdf