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NUTRITION THOUGH THE LIFESPAN
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NUTRITION & PREGNANCY
Nutrition before conception
Photo © PhotoDisc
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FOODS TO AVOID DURING PREGNANCY
Alcohol Certain types of fish
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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INFANCY
Growth is the best marker of nutritional status.
Weight gain Double birth weight by 4-6 months Triple birth weight by 12 months
Length gain Increase length by 50% by 12 months
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ENERGY & NUTRIENT NEEDS: INFANTS
Requirements based on composition of breast milk Energy – highest needs of any life stage Protein – highest needs of any life stage
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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ENERGY & NUTRIENT NEEDS: INFANTS
Key vitamins and minerals Vitamin D Vitamin K Vitamin B12 Iron Fluoride
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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THE START HEALTHY FEEDING GUIDELINES
Photos © PhotoDisc
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CHILDHOOD
Energy and nutrient needs during childhood… Energy and protein Vitamins and minerals
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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CHILDHOOD NUTRITION
What influences childhood food habits? Caregiver is responsible for what to eat Child is responsible for how much and when to
eat.
External factors
© SW Productions/PhotoDisc/Getty Images
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NUTRITIONAL CONCERNS OF CHILDHOOD
Malnutrition and hunger Food security Federal assistance programs
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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NUTRITIONAL CONCERNS CONTINUED
Food and behavior Foods associated with hyperactivity
Childhood obesity
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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ADOLESCENCE
Physical growth and development Growth spurts Changes in body composition Changes in emotional maturity
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NUTRIENT NEEDS FOR ADOLESCENTS
Energy and protein Highest total calories and protein grams per day
Vitamins and minerals
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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INFLUENCES ON ADOLESCENT FOOD INTAKE
Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010
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OTHER NUTRITION-RELATED CONCERNS
Fitness and sports Acne Eating disorders Obesity
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GROWING OLDER…
Age-related changes Mobility Immunity Taste and smell Gastrointestinal changes
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NUTRIENT-RELATED CONCERNS & AGING
Vitamins & Minerals Medications Other diseases
Meal replacements
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MACULAR DEGENERATION
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DIABETIC RETINOPATHY