RANA Ammad Bin Sadiq
Institute of Geo-technology
T U Bergakademie Freiberg
Presentation out line
Stresses in the earth crust
The importance of stress
The measurement of stress
Borehole breakouts
Hydraulic Fracturing
Stress
Stress is "force per unit area" - the ratio of applied force (F) and cross section(A) - defined as "force per area F/A”.
Rock Stresses
In-situ Stresses
e.g Tectonic stresses
Induced Stressese.g Mining , drilling etc.
CHILE and DIANE assumptions
Flat Jack Method
Hydraulic Fracturing & Hydraulic test on pre-existing fractures
Overcoring
Doorstopper Methods
Conical Strain Cell
Deep Door Stopper Gauge SYSTEM (DDSG )
Borehole Slotter
Core Discing
Deep borehole in use
Deep boreholes in earthKola Super deep Borehole Russia
German Continental Deep Drilling Program(KTB), Germany
Identification of Borehole Breakout
Orientation and detection of Borehole Breakout Methods to Determine the Borehole Breakout include
Ultrasonic Borehole Imager (UBI)
Formation Micro Images (FMI)
Cross section of Borehole
Ultrasonic Borehole Image
Drilling Induced Fractures
Centerline Fracture
Petal Fracture
Handling Fracture
Application of Borehole breakouts Evaluation of Regional Stress Regime.
Geomechanical well bore stability analysis for oil and gas production.
Rock Engineering (Tunnels, mine, Shafts, Caverensetc.)
Geothermal Energy.
Geomechanical wellbore stability modeling
Witten
Ruhr-Bochum University
Ruhr-Bochum University
Dilatometer TestDilatometermessungen膨胀仪测试
Drilling Auger
Sample/Cores
Insitu Dilatometer Test
Nitrogen Gas Cylinder for Pressurizing Dilatometer
Dilatometer Data Recording set
Inserting of Dilatometer in Borehole
Result of Dilatometer Test
Performing Dilatometer Test
Hydraulic Fracturing Testhydraulischen Bruchtest水力压裂
Hydraulic Fracturing (How it looks)
Assembly of HF Unit
Packers of Different Sizes
Pressure Control System
Surface Recording of Data
Impression of Induced Fracture
Impression of Induced Fracture
Imprints of Fracture
Equipment for downhole Imaging
Calculations for Hydraulic Fracturing
Calculations for Hydraulic Fracture
Orientation of Stresses
Special Equipment for Deep Hot Dry Rocks
Deep Borehole Simulator
Control Unit for Deep borehole Simulator
Hydraulic Fracture Tests in Small Core (At Laboratory)
Drilling of Small Hole in Core
Drill hole in Small Cores
Preparation for the Test
Triaxial Chamber and Small Core
Preparation for the test
Set up for Hydraulic Fracturing at Small Scale
Pressure Pumps
Hydraulic Fracture Test at small scale
Recording of Results for Small Scale HF Test
Core after Hydraulic Fracturing Test
Initiation and propagation of Fracture
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