Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi Review
What is an antibiotic? Medicine used to treat bacterial diseases
What is asexual reproduction? 1 parent reproduces an offspring identical to itself
What is a pseudopod? False feet Used for movement
What is a bacteriophage? Virus that can infect a bacteria
What are 2 characteristics of green algae?
Unicellular or multicellular Closely related to plants on land
Give 3 ways infectious diseases can be prevented.
Wash hands Sneeze/cough into sleeve Vaccines Safe food preparation and storage
What is binary fission? Asexual reproduction Organism splits in half
What is a virus? Non-living particle Needs a host to reproduce
What are cilia? Hair-like projections used for movement
What is an endospore? Small rounded thick-walled resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell
What is conjugation? Sexual reproduction 2 bacterial cells create a tube between them through which they transfer DNA
What is the difference between an active and a hidden virus?
Active: start producing new viruses immediately Hidden: becomes a part of the bacterial DNA for a period of time, then later becomes active and produces new viruses
What is sexual reproduction? 2 parents, producing offspring that are similar to the parents
What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?
Autotroph: produces its own food Heterotroph: cannot make its own food
What is necessary for a virus to reproduce?
Living host
How do euglena move? Flagella
What do viruses have in common with our cells?
DNA
What are the 4 parts of a bacteria?
Cell membrane DNA Ribosomes Cytoplasm
What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
Rod-like Spherical Spiral
Name 3 examples of harmful bacteria.
Whooping cough/pertussis Spoils foods Lyme disease Botulism Strep throat Pneumonia
What are the 3 types of protists? Animal-like Plant-like Fungus-like
What is an autotroph? Organism that makes its own food
How do amoebas move? Pseudopodia
How do paramecium move? Cilia
Which type of protist is an autotroph?
Plant-like
Which types of protists are heterotrophs?
Fungus-like and animal-like
What structure do fungi use to get nutrients?
Hyphae
What are spores? Reproductive structure used by fungi and fungus-like protists
What is another name for a plant-like protist?
Algae
What is another name for an animal-like protist?
Protozoan
What fungi causes breads to rise?
Yeast
What are 2 characteristics of diatoms?
Glass-like cell walls Used to make polish and insecticides
What are 2 characteristics of dinoflagellates?
2 flagella Many glow in the dark
What is a flagella? Whip-like tail
What are 2 characteristics of euglenoids?
Green Found in fresh water Eyespot
What are 2 characteristics of red algae?
Multicellular Used in ice cream and hair conditioner
What are the 4 parts of a mushroom?
Cap Gills Stalk Hyphae
Name 3 examples of helpful bacteria.
Used to make foods—yogurt, cheese, pickles Digestive system Medicines Tanning leather Clean up oil spills Adhesives/glues Cleaners
Why is a virus non-living? Does not have all 6 characteristics or all 4 needs of living things. Missing:oCellular organizationoGrowth and developmentoHomeostasisoNeeds foodoNeeds water
Give 3 ways infectious diseases are spread.
Contact with infected personContact with contaminated objectContact with infected animalContact with an environmental source
What are 2 characteristics of brown algae?
Holdfasts Thickener Called kelp or seaweeds
How are bacterial diseases treated?
Antibiotics