Download - VOLADURA DE ROCAS
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VOLADURA DE ROCAS APLICADA
A LA NUEVA MINERÍA
CAPÍTULO I: NUEVAS IDEAS SOBRE FRAGMENTACIÓN ISEE
Ing. Rómulo MuchoPresidente IIMP
Lima, 8 de abril, 2013
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Peter Cundall
Maurilio Torres
Marc Ruest
Ewan Sellers
Sandy Etchells
Italo Onederra
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SIMPLE MODELHSBM/BLO-UP MODEL
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• Heterogeneous Mixtures
• VoD Dependent on Confinment
• VoD Dependent on Diameter
• Incomplete Reaction
• Curved Shock Front
• Large DDZ
Vixen 2009 Calculates Ideal Detonation State: Ideal VoD + Q
Non-Ideal Corrections are Made: Q1D and DSD
Output is VoD and Reaction Extent
NON-IDEAL DETONATION
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TWO-PART SIMPLE MODEL
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200 μs tensile hoop stresses
at 3-5 borehole radii
400 μs tensile stresses occur
at the borehole wall
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TWO-PART SIMPLE MODEL
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ENERGY PARTITION
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EXPLOSIVE ISENTROPE
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PARAMETER STUDY
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ENERGY BALANCE OF PRODUCTION BLASTS AT
NORDKALK’S KLINTHAGEN QUARRY
Henrik Grind
Nordkalk Storugns AB
F Ouchterlony
U Nyberg
M Olsson
Swebrec
at LTU
I Bergqvist
L Granlund
Dyno Nobel
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BLAST ENERGY BALANCE - 3
Components of blast energy balance:
• Losses in hole 60 - 30 %
• Losses in rock 20 - 40 %
• Kinetic energy 10 - 20 %
• Seismic energy 5 - 10 %
• Fragm. energy 0.1 - 2 %
SveBeFo
Swebrec
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• Specifics of explosive behavior are important
• Equilibrium pressure controls movement
• Blastability
• Time-scales and energy
1 µs Detonation
500 µs Equilibrium
10 ms Gas venting
1 s Muckpile
SIMPLE MODEL CONCLUSIONS
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OVERVIEW
Near-fielddetonationcrushing
Brittle latticestress wavefragmentationmovement and muckpile
Gas productthrowgas venting
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Overview
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INPUT
Rock Propertieselasticshear and tensile strength
Jointing and LayeringDFN importgeological seams
Calibration Parametersequilibrium pressuretensile strength scale
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INPUT
Blast geometryblasthole layoutBench or drift shape
Explosivetypenon-ideal data
Stress conditionsorientationmagnitude
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OUTPUT
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UNDERGROUND BLASTING – SLC CONFINED BLASTING
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SMALL SCALE VALIDATION
University of Leoben (Reichholf 2003)
Italo Onederra, University of Queensland
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LKAB, Swebrec, Finn Ouchterlony, Danial Johansson
SMALL SCALE VALIDATION
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Steve Iverson and Bill Hustrulid
NIOSH COLLABORATIONItalo Onederra, University of Queensland
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FIELD SCALE MODELING
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MODELO FÍSICO DE UNA REACCIÓN DE DETONACIÓN DE UN
EXPLOSIVO EN UN MACIZO ROCOSO