dr. eyjólfur guðmundsson dean and associate professor faculty of business and science

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Inntektsfordeling i værdikæder for sjømat Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens verdiskapende betydning i de nordiske land Trondheim Oktober 11 – 12, 2006 Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science University of Akureyri

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Inntektsfordeling i værdikæder for sj ømat Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens verdiskapende betydning i de nordiske land Trondheim Oktober 11 – 12, 2006. Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science University of Akureyri. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Inntektsfordeling i værdikæder for sjømat

Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens verdiskapende betydning i de nordiske land Trondheim Oktober 11 – 12, 2006

Dr. Eyjólfur GuðmundssonDean and associate professor

Faculty of Business and Science

University of Akureyri

Page 2: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Indtægtsfordeling i værdikæde for nogle fiskeriprodukter

Hvordan opdeles indtægterne gennem værdikæden?

Er værdikæden forskelige mellem arter og/eller lander?

FAO rapport Frank Asche, Universitet I Stavanger, Norge Max Nielsen, Fødevarøkonomisk institut,

Denmark

ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/a0564e/a0564e00.pdf

Page 3: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Også.....

Hvordan er den Islandske værdikæde for torsk i dag!

Page 4: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Metodologi

Værdikæde analyseBusiness litteraturFokusere på værdiaktiviteter i hver lænke i

værdikæden ”Price spreads”

Ag. Econ. LitteraturFokusere på proportionen som hver del har i

værdikæden.

Page 5: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for sjømat

FangstPrimary

forarbejdningSecondary

forarbejdningWholesale Handel

Kunde

Fangst/forarbejdning Handel

Page 6: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Fire værdikæder

18% 16%8% 4%

27% 18%

17% 21%

18%

38%

36%

61%

37%

75%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Iceland Tanzania Denmark Morocco

Fishing Fish mongers Processing Wholesale/secondary processing Retail

Page 7: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

To fiskerier, data 2000/2001

Torsk – Island Kald vandt

North Atlantic

Hvidfisk

Fersk og frystet

Skip og fly

EU og USA

Nile Perch – Tanzania Varm vandt

Lake Viktoria, East Afrika

Hvidfisk

Fersk og frystet

Fly

EU og USa

Page 8: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for torsk, IslandWetfish/freezer trawlers

Hook and line

Gillnett/longline

Processor

Fish market

Export companies

Wholesaler

RestaurantsCatering

Retailers

Processor

ContainersForeign

Fishmarkets

RestaurantsCatering

Retailers

Page 9: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Verdikjede for torsk

Fishing18%

Retail36%

Processing27%

Wholesale/secondary processing

18%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Icelandic cod

Value added at the retail and secondary processing levels:Details not known

Value added at the primary processing level:Note: Excluding raw materialWages 34%Packaging 6%Maintainance 6%Electricity 3%Transportation 2%Other inputs 7%Operating margin 42%

Value added at the harvesting level:Wages 40%Fuel 13%Maintainance 9%Fishing gear 4%Insurance 4%Other operating costs 15%Operating margin 15%

Page 10: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for torskPrice spreads for 2000 - 2004

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Fishing Processing Wholesale Retail

Page 11: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Fartøj kostnader - torsk

40%

13%

9%

15%

13%

4%

4%

1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Trawlers

Operating margin

Quota rent

Insurance and otherfixed costsFishing gear

Maintainance

Other costs

Fuel

Crew share and otherwages

Page 12: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Processing costs – Torsk

52%

18%

8% 3%

1%17%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%Operating margin

Transportation

Packaging

Other expenses

Wages

Raw material

Data source: Statistic Iceland and own data

Page 13: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for torsk - trawlfiskeri

Icelandic value added in ISK - 20041

Market segment

Cost per kg. of final product

ISKValue

added ISKRetail 1.112 423 Wholesale 689 262 Processing 427 166 Fishing 262 262

1.112

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Fiskeri omkostninger

OperatingmarginOther costs

Insurance andother fixed costsQuota rent

Fishing gear

Maintainance

Fuel

Crew share andother wages

Islandske fiskeri firmaer – ca. halvedelen

Page 14: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for Nile Perch, Tanzania

Segment 1FISHERS

(fishing grounds)

Segment 2FISH COLLECTORS/BUYERS

(at landing sites or mid-water purchase)

Segment 3 (a)PROCESSING

ESTABLISHMENTS

Segment 4INTERNATIONAL MARKET e.g. EU

Segment 3(b)LOCAL MARKET (BY PRODUCTS)

Regional markets

Page 15: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

18% 16%

27% 18%

18%

36%

61%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Iceland Tanzania

Fishing Fish mongers Processing Wholesale/secondary processing Retail

5%

Samnenligning af torsk og Nile perch

Tanzanian firmaer ejer mindre en 30%

Page 16: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Stor forskel!

Islandske fisker for del af en storre fangst max 1000 kg per fisker per dag i Island max 50 kg per fisker per dag i Tanzania

Islandske firmaer sælger direct til retail Firmaer i Tanzania sælger til ”wholesalers”

Page 17: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Stor forskel...

Det er ikke spørgsmålet om hvor stor del af værdikæden fiskerne har men heller hvor effektive de er at fange sin fisk og sælge den for høj pris.

Page 18: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Islandsk værdikæder for torsk

Fillet

Loin I.Q.F. – 368 ISK/kg

Cut-offs

Other cuts

Fersk - 622 ISK/kg

Block fryset – 122 ISK/kg

Genomsnit verdi 2005

Mængde (Ton)2005

Ændringer fra 1997

Salted cod - whole fillets 390 kr. 28.694 -13%Frozen cod fillet - onshore 369 kr. 21.623 27%Fresh cod fillet 622 kr. 11.131 298%Salted cod - pieces 500 kr. 8.407 35%Frozen cod fillet - at sea 437 kr. 10.490 -31%

HeadSkrei – 183 ISK/kg

Page 19: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Islandske værdikæder for fersk torsk

Fersk torsk med højeste export verdi

Tid fra fangst í timer

12 - 24 timer 18 – 24 timer 30 – 36 timer

Harvestand auction

Cutting andpackaging

Airfreight Distribution

36 – 48 timer

Consumptioin

48 – 96 timer

Verdien findes i at sælge fersk produkter der skal avleres på den tidspunkt som kunden bestemer

Page 20: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for torsk, IslandWetfish/freezer trawlers

Hook and line

Gillnett/longline

Processor

Fish market

Export companies

Wholesaler

RestaurantsCatering

Retailers

Processor

ContainersForeign

Fishmarkets

RestaurantsCatering

Retailers

Page 21: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Værdikæde for torskWetfish/freezer trawlers

Hook and line

Gillnett/longline

Processor/exporter

Fish market

Retailers

ForeignFishmarkets

Processors

Page 22: Dr. Eyjólfur Guðmundsson Dean and associate professor Faculty of Business and Science

Konklusion

Ikke stor forskel i værdikæden mellem torsk fra Island og Nile Perch fra Tanzania

Stor forskel i effektivitet og control af værdikæden Islandsk industry kan spile med i den globaliserede verden Tanzanian industry har ikke muligheder til at spile med uden at

forændre sig. Fiskeri control Know - how

Storre forændringer i de islandske værdikæder Maximere verdiskapning i hvert trin på værdikæder med hensyn til

hele verdikæden og andre værdikæder Globalization er allrede at forændre Islandsk fiskindustri