drescriptive cataloging of rare materials graphics draft v.6.0

7/22/2019 Drescriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials Graphics DRAFT v.6.0

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DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials(Graphics)DRAFTv.6.0 7

PREFACE

Background

Descriptive

Cataloging

of

Rare

Materials

(Graphics),referredtohereafterasDCRM(G),is...[needtoaddtexthere]

[AddinfoaboutrecognizingRDAiscoming,etc.;mentiondatesass/ththatsdifferentfromGM...]

ChangesfromGraphicMaterialsThemostsignificantchangesfromGraphicMaterialsare...[incompleteworkinglistfollows,innoparticularorder;needstoberephrasedasparagraph.

bibliographicconceptoftheperfectcopy(forsharedcatalogingenvironment)

emphasisontranscription(e.g.insufficientlydescriptivetitlesnowgettranscribed,notreplacedbyasupplieddescriptivetitle;dittoseverelyabbreviatedtitles,withaddedtitleaccess,e.g.prefacedbydescriptivetitle:)

inclusionofISBDsarea2,editionarea,herecalledstatearea borndigitalimages instructionsforcollectionlevelrecordsgroupedasanappendix

DifferencesfromotherDCRMmanuals

[Include:UnlikesomeoftheexistingorprojectedmanualsintheDCRMsuite,coversbothpublishedandunpublishedmaterial]

Acknowledgments

ManypeoplehavecontributedtheirtimeandeffortincreatingDCRM(G).MembersoftheBibliographicStandardsCommitteesincecreatingDCRM(G)wasauthorizedinJanuary2008:MarciaH.BarrettErinC.BlakeRandalS.Brandt

AnnW.CopelandDavidM.FauldsRyanHildebrand


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PREFACE

DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials(Graphics)DRAFTv.6.08

MarthaLawlerM.WinslowLundyKateMoriartyAnnMyersJenniferK.Nelson

MargaretF.NicholsNinaSchneider

StephenSkuceJamesStephensonBruceTabbEduardoTenenbaumAlexThurman

SeannaTsung

[Acknowledgmenttexttogohere.SpecialthankstoMarcyFlynn.Institutionstothank:CatholicUniversityofAmerica[emaillisthost],DenverPublicLibrary[meetingspace],FolgerShakespeareLibrary[meetingspace,refreshments],LibraryofCongressPrints&PhotographsDivision[meetingspace,conferencecalls],NewberryLibrary[meetingspace],SimmonsCollege[meetingspace];People(otherthanBSCmembers)tothankforreadingdrafts,supplyingexamples,andtesting:

Alison

Bridger,

Sandra

Carpenter,

Beth

Ann

Guynn,

Anna

Malicka,

Michelle

Mascaro,KarenMeyerRoux,KarenNipps,CarolPardo,ElisabethBetzParker,ErikaPiola,E.DeverPowell,ElizabethRobinson,KarenSigler,BettinaSmith,DebraWynn;Organizationstothank:SAAStandardsCommittee]

[NameofBSCChair]Chair,RBMSBibliographicStandardsCommittee[Dateoffinaltext]


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INTRODUCTION

Contents:I. Scopeandpurpose

II. RelationshiptootherstandardsIII. ObjectivesandprinciplesIV. OptionsV. LanguagepreferencesVI. SpellingandstyleVII. AcronymsVIII. ExamplesandnotesIX. IntegrityoftheitemX. Precatalogingdecisions

I.Scopeandpurpose

I.1.DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials

DCRM(G)isthenthofseveralmanualsprovidingspecializedcatalogingrulesforvariousformatsofrarematerialstypicallyfoundinrarebook,manuscript,andspecialcollectionrepositories.Thetermrarematerialsreferstoanygroupofmaterialsthatrepositorieshavechosentodistinguishfromgeneralmaterialsbythewaysinwhichtheyhouse,preserve,orcollectthem.Rarityinthenarrow

senseof

scarce

may

or

may

not

be

afeature

of

these

materials.Together,

these

manualsformDescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials(DCRM),anoverarchingconceptratherthanapublicationinitsownright.DCRMcomponentmanualsforx,y,andzareinpreparation.OthercomponentswillbeaddedtotheDCRMfamilyastheyaredeveloped.

I.2.DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials(Graphics)

DCRM(G)providesguidelinesandinstructionsfordescriptivecatalogingofgraphicmaterialsreceivingspecialtreatmentwithinarepository,Graphic

materialsreferstostillimagesofalltypes,suchasprints,drawings,photographs,posters,postcards,pictorialadvertisements,cartoons,comicstrips,portraits,landscapes,bookillustrations,borndigitalpictures,etc..Specialtreatmentusuallyresultsfromtherarity,continuingvalue,orpotentialinterest(aesthetic,iconographical,documentary)ofthematerials.DCRM(G)maybeusedforgraphicmaterialsofanyageortypeofproduction,publishedor


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INTRODUCTION


unpublished.Manuscriptandprintedresourcesdescribedprimarilyfortheirtextual,musical,orcartographiccontentratherthantheirgraphiccontentareoutofscope.DCRM(G)isnotintendedasaninstructionalmanualintechniquesnecessarytoidentify,process,ororganizegraphiccollections.

I.3.Need

for

special

rules

Usersofgraphicmaterialsinspecialcollectionsoftenrequireagreaterlevelofdescriptivedetailthanusersofvisualresourcesingeneralcollections.Additionalguidancehelpscatalogerstranslatevisualinformationintoaconsistentverbaldescriptionofthematerialsimagecontentandphysicalnature.Resultingdescriptionspermitthereadyidentificationofindividualinstancesofaresource,andprovideamoreexactdescriptionoftheresourceasanartifact.

I.4.Scopeofapplication

DCRM(G)isespeciallyappropriateforthedescriptionofgraphicmaterialscollectedforpurposesofdetailedstudy,whetherofvisualcontentorphysicalprocessesorformats.

Theserulesmaybeappliedcategoricallytographicmaterialbasedongenre,format,dateorplaceofpublicationorproduction(e.g.,allwatercolors),ormaybeappliedselectively(e.g.,allmoviepostersproducedbefore1950;orphotographicprintsdepictingSouthDakotaBadlands),accordingtotheadministrativepolicyoftheinstitution,whichmaychoosetocatalogsomeorallofitsholdingsatamoredetailedlevelofdescriptionthanthatprovidedforinAACR2.(SeeintroductorysectionX.1fordiscussiononchoosingappropriatecatalogingcodesandlevels.)

I.5.Applicationwithinthebibliographicrecord

Theserulescontaininstructionsforthedescriptiveelementsinbibliographicrecordsonly.Theydonotaddresstheconstructionandassignmentofcontrolledheadingsusedasmainandaddedentries,althoughbriefinstructionsrelatingtoheadingsandotheraccesspointsdoappearthroughout(e.g.,AppendixFisentirelydevotedtorecommendationsforuncontrolledtitleaddedentries).


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INTRODUCTION

II.Relationshiptootherstandards

II.1.AACR2,ISBD,RDA,andotherbibliographiccatalogingdocumentation

Asarevisionofthe1982publicationGraphicMaterials,DCRM(G)isbasedon

AACR2asamendedbytheLibraryofCongressRuleInterpretations(LCRI),aswellasonthepreliminaryconsolidatededitionofISBD.DCRM(G)deviatesinsubstancefromAACR2andLCRIonlywhenrequiredbytheparticulardescriptiveneedsofgraphicmaterialsinspecialcollections.

RefertoAACR2andLCRIforguidanceandinstructionsonmattersofdescriptionnotcoveredinDCRM(G).TherelevantsectionsofAACR2andLCRImustbeconsultedforrulesgoverningnameanduniformtitleheadingstobeusedasaccesspointsforartists,engravers,photographers,printers,series,etc.,aswellasothertypesofaccesspointsthatmayberequired.Forsubjectheadings,numerouscontrolledvocabulariesareavailable;withintheUnitedStates,thesubjectheadingsoftheLibraryofCongressarewidelyused.Consultclassificationdocumentationforassignmentofcallnumbers.Forgenre/formheadings,consulttheLibraryofCongresssThesaurusforGraphicMaterials,theArtandArchitectureThesaurus,orotherauthorizedthesauriasappropriate.1

CatalogingagenciesthatadoptRDAshouldrefertoRDAinlieuofAACR2asappropriate.SeealsoIV,below.

II.2.RelationshiptoArchival,DigitalLibrary,Museum,andVisualResources

DescriptiveStandards

[CompanionstandardtoDACS;differentstandardfromCCO,etc.]

1TheRBMSBibliographicStandardsCommitteehasproducedspecializedthesauriincluding:BindingTerms;GenreTerms;PaperTerms;PrintingandPublishingEvidence;ProvenanceEvidence;andTypeEvidence.Thesethesaurimayproveusefulindescribingspecificaspectsofsomegraphicmaterialresources.


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INTRODUCTION


II.3.MARC21

MARC21FormatforBibliographicDataisthepresumedformatforpresentationandcommunicationofmachinereadablecataloging.UseofDCRM(G),however,neednotberestrictedtoamachineenvironment,andMARC21isnot

mandatory.ExamplesinthebodyofDCRM(G)areshownusingISBDpunctuation;useofMARC21codingappearsonlyinsomeoftheappendixes.CatalogersusingMARC21shouldfollowMARC21documentationforinput,andbeawareofhowtheirbibliographicsystemsinterpretMARC21codestoautomaticallygeneratedisplayfeatures.Thisusuallymeans,forexample,thatthecatalogeromitspunctuationbetweenareas,parenthesesenclosingaseriesstatement,andcertainwordsprefacingformalnotes.

III.Objectivesandprinciples

TheinstructionscontainedinDCRMareformulatedaccordingtotheobjectivesandprinciplessetforthbelow.Theseobjectivesandprinciplesseektoarticulatethepurposeandnatureofspecializedcatalogingrulesforrarematerials.TheyareinformedbylongacceptedconceptsinbibliographicscholarshipandtheAngloAmericancatalogingtradition,aswellasbymorerecenttheoreticalworkimportanttotheconstructionandrevisionofcatalogingcodes,namelytheInternationalFederationofLibraryAssociationsandInstitutionsFunctionalRequirementsforBibliographicRecords(FRBR)andElaineSvenoniussTheIntellectualFoundationofInformationOrganization.Assuch,theobjectivesandprinciplesarealsoinconformitywiththeIFLAStatementofInternationalCataloguingPrinciples(2009).Itishopedthattheseobjectivesandprincipleswillprovidecatalogers,andadministratorsofcatalogingoperations,withabetterunderstandingoftheunderlyingrationaleforDCRMinstructions.

III.1.FunctionalobjectivesofDCRM

Theprimaryobjectivesincatalogingrarematerialsarenodifferentfromthoseincatalogingothermaterials.Theseobjectivesfocusonmeetinguserneedstofind,identify,select,andobtainmaterials.However,usersofrarematerialsoftenbringspecializedrequirementstothesetasksthatcannotbemetbygeneralcatalogingrules,suchasthosecontainedinthelatestrevisionofAACR2.Inaddition,thestandardproductionpracticesassumedingeneralcatalogingrulesdonotalwaysapplytorarematerials.ThefollowingDCRMobjectivesaredesignedtoaccommodatetheseimportantdifferences.


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INTRODUCTION

III.1.1.Usersmustbeabletodistinguishclearlyamongdifferent

manifestationsofanexpressionofawork

Theabilitytodistinguishamongdifferentmanifestationsofanexpressionofaworkiscriticaltotheusertasksofidentifyingandselectingbibliographic

resources.IngeneralcatalogingcodeslikeAACR2,itisassumedthatabbreviatedandnormalizeddescriptionandtranscriptionissufficienttodistinguishamongmanifestations.Usersofrarematerials,however,oftenrequirefuller,morefaithfuldescriptionsandtranscriptions,greaterdetailinthephysicaldescriptionarea,andcarefulrecordingofvariousdistinguishingpointsinthenotearea,inordertoidentifyseparatemanifestations.Additionally,usersofrarematerialsaretypicallyinterestedindrawingfinerdistinctionsamongvariantswithinmanifestationsthanareusersofothermaterials,manyalsoneedingtodistinguishbetweeninstancesattheitemlevel.

III.1.2.Usersmustbeabletoperformmostidentificationandselectiontasks

withoutdirectaccesstothematerials

Usersofrarematerialsfrequentlyperformidentificationandselectiontasksundercircumstancesthatrequirethebibliographicdescriptiontostandasadetailedsurrogatefortheitem(e.g.,consultationfromadistance,limitedaccessduetothefragileconditionoftheitem,inabilitytophysicallybrowsecollectionshousedinrestrictedareas,etc.).Suchdescriptionsalsoassistinretrievalofsurrogatesforsuchitems.Accuracyofbibliographicrepresentationincreases

subsequentefficiencyforbothusersandcollectionmanagers.Thesameaccuracycontributestothelongtermpreservationofthematerialsthemselves,byreducingunnecessarycirculationandexaminationofmaterialsthatdonotpreciselymeetusersrequirements.

III.1.3.Usersmustbeabletoinvestigatephysicalprocessesandpost

productionhistoryandcontextexemplifiedinmaterialsdescribed

Usersofrarematerialsroutinelyinvestigateavarietyofartifactualandpostproductionaspectsofmaterials.Forexample,theymaywanttolocatematerials

thatarerelatedbyillustrationprocesses,provenance,genre/form,etc.Theabilityofuserstoidentifymaterialsthatfitthesecriteriadependsuponfullandaccuratedescriptionsandtheprovisionofappropriateaccesspoints.


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INTRODUCTION


III.1.4.Usersmustbeabletogainaccesstomaterialswhoseproductionor

presentationcharacteristicsdifferfrommodernconventions

Inordertodistinguishamongmanifestations,generalcatalogingcodeslikeAACR2relyonexplicitbibliographicevidencepresentedinconventionalform.

Inrarematerials,fullerdescriptionwilloftenberequiredinordertodistinguishamongdifferentmanifestations.Otherwise,thatwhichisbibliographicallysignificantmaythusbeobscured.

III.2.PrinciplesofDCRMconstruction

Tomeettheobjectiveslistedabove,DCRMreliesuponthefollowingsixprinciples.TheseprinciplesareinfluencedbythegeneralprinciplesofbibliographicdescriptionofferedbySvenonius:userconvenience;representation;sufficiencyandnecessity;standardization;andintegration.

III.2.1.Rulesprovideguidancefordescriptionsthatallowuserstodistinguish

clearlyamongdifferentmanifestationsofanexpressionofawork

Thisprinciplederivesfromthegeneralprincipleofuserconvenienceandhasimplicationsforallareasofthebibliographicdescription.Theprinciplerelatestoobjective1statedabove.

III.2.2.Rulesprovideforaccuraterepresentationsoftheentityasitdescribes

itself,notablythroughinstructionsregardingtranscription,

transposition,and

omission

Thisprinciplederivesfromthegeneralprinciplesofrepresentation(withitsrelatedsubprincipleofaccuracy)andofstandardization.Preciserepresentationisofparticularrelevanceinthoseareasofthedescriptionthatrequiretranscription(thetitleandstatementofresponsibilityarea,thepublication,distribution,creation,etc.,area,andtheseriesarea),butshouldnotbeignoredinthephysicaldescriptionandnoteareas.Thegeneralprinciplesofrepresentationandstandardizationstandingreatertensionwitheachotherwhencatalogingrarematerials.Faithfulnesstobothprinciplesisparticularlychallengingwhen

attemptingtotranslatevisualinformationintoverbaldescription,andmayrequiredescriptiveandannotativetreatmentnecessarilyexceedingthenorms(andattimesthevocabulary)establishedassufficientforthedescriptionofgeneralmaterials.Theprinciplerelatestoobjectives2and4statedabove.

III.2.3.Rulesprovideguidancefortheinclusionofmanifestationspecificand


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INTRODUCTION

itemspecificinformationthatpermitsuserstoinvestigatephysical

processesandpostproductionhistoryandcontextexemplifiedinthe

itemdescribed

Thisprinciplederivesfromthegeneralprincipleofsufficiencyandnecessity

(withitsrelatedsubprincipleofsignificance).Applicationoftheprinciplerequiresthatrulesforrarematerialscatalogingprovideadditionalguidanceonaccesspoints,particularlyincaseswheresuchinformationisnotintegraltothemanifestation,expression,orworkdescribed.Rulesforitemspecificinformationappearinginthenoteareamayrecommendstandardformsforpresentationofinformation(addressingthegeneralprincipleofuserconvenienceanditsrelatedsubprincipleofcommonusage).Applicationofsuchrulespresumesbothausersneedforsuchinformationandacatalogersabilitytoproperlyrecognizeanddescribesuchaspects.Theprinciplerelatestoobjective3statedabove.

III.2.4.Rulesprovidefortheinclusionofallelementsofbibliographical

significance

GeneralcatalogingcodeslikeAACR2routinelystriveforbothbrevityandclarity,principlesaffiliatedwiththegeneralprincipleofsufficiency.Indescribingrarematerials,toogreatanemphasisonbrevitymaybecometheoccasionforinsufficiencyandlackofclarity.Brevityofdescriptionmaybemeasuredbestagainstthefunctionalrequirementsoftheparticularbibliographicdescriptionratherthanagainsttheaveragephysicallengthofotherbibliographic

descriptionsinthecatalog.Thetensionbetweenrulesforrarematerialsthatpromoteaccuraterepresentationofanitemandyetdonotexceedtherequirementsofsufficiencyisgreat.Referencetotheprincipleofuserconveniencemayoffercorrectresolutionofsuchtensions.Thisprincipleisrelatedtoalloftheobjectivesstatedabove.

III.2.5.Rulesconformtothesubstanceandstructureofthelatestrevisionof

AACR2totheextentpossible;ISBDservesasasecondaryreference

point

Thisprinciplerelatestogeneralprinciplesofstandardizationanduser

convenience(withthelatterssubprincipleofcommonusage).DCRMassumesthatusersofbibliographicdescriptionsconstructedinaccordancewithitsprovisionsoperateincontextswhereAACR2(oftenasinterpretedandappliedbytheLibraryofCongress)istheacceptedstandardforthecatalogingofgeneralmaterials.Therefore,DCRMusesexistingAACR2vocabularyinamanner


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INTRODUCTION


consistentwithAACR2;anyadditionalspecializedvocabularynecessaryfordescriptionandaccessofrarematerialsoccursinaclearandconsistentmannerinDCRMrules,appendixes,andglossaryentries.DCRMdoesnotintroducerulesthatarenotrequiredbydifferencesexpectedbetweenrareandgeneralmaterials.NumberingofareaswithinDCRMconformstothestructureofISBDasimplementedinAACR2.WhenanexistingAACR2rulesatisfiestherequirementsofcatalogingrarematerials,DCRMtextismodeledonAACR2text(substitutingexamplesdrawnfromrarematerialsforillustration).IncaseswherethelanguageofAACR2isnotpreciseenoughtoconveynecessarydistinctionsormayintroduceconfusionwhendealingwithrarematerials,DCRMusescarefullyconsideredalternativewording.WordingofrelevantISBDstandardswasalsoconsideredwhendeviatingfromAACR2.

III.2.6.RulesarecompatiblewithGraphicMaterialsexceptincaseswherechanges

are

necessary

to

align

more

closely

to

current

revisions

of

AACR2ortoconformtotheaboveprinciples

Thisprinciplerelatestogeneralprinciplesofstandardizationanduserconvenience(withthelatterssubprincipleofcommonusage).DCRMassumesthatusersofbibliographicdescriptionsconstructedinaccordancewithitsprovisionsoperateincontextswheregraphicmaterialsinspecialcollectionswerecataloged,untilrecently,usingGraphicMaterials.Therefore,changestoGraphicMaterialscatalogingpracticeswereintroducedonlyaftercarefulconsiderationofthevalueornecessityofsuchchanges.

IV.Options

Availableoptionsareindicatedinoneoffourways.

Optionallyintroducesanalternativetreatmentofanelement. Ifconsideredimportantindicatesthatmoreinformationmaybe

addedinanote,andthussignalschoicesformoreorlessdepthinthedescription.Thisphrasecoverstheentirerangebetweenbestpracticeontheoneend,andhighlyspecializedpracticesontheother.

Alternativerule designatesanalternativeoptionwhichaffectsallorseveralareasofthedescription,andwhichmustbeusedconsistentlythroughout.InDCRM(G),alternativerulesapplytothetranscriptionoforiginalpunctuationandtothecreationofseparaterecordsforindividualinstancesofamanifestation,orimagessharingasupport,


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INTRODUCTION

andtothecreationofsinglerecordsformultiplestatesofaprint.

RDAalternative designatesanalternativeoptionappropriateforinstitutionsfollowingRDAinsteadofAACR2innondescriptiveportionsoftherecord.JustasthedefaultDCRM(G)instructions

deviateinsubstancefromAACR2andLCRIonlywhenrequiredbytheparticulardescriptiveneedsofgraphicmaterialsinspecialcollections,thesealternativesdonotunnecessarilydifferfromRDAandLCPS.

Thecatalogingagencymaywishtoestablishpoliciesandguidelinesontheapplicationofoptions,leavetheuseofoptionstothediscretionofthecataloger,oruseacombinationofthetwo.

V.Languagepreferences

DCRM(G)iswrittenforanEnglishspeakingcontext.CatalogingagenciespreparingdescriptionsinthecontextofadifferentlanguageshouldreplaceinstructionsandguidelinesprescribingorimplyingtheuseofEnglishintotheirpreferredlanguage(see4B34,4B812,4E,andareas5and7).

VI.Spellingandstyle

DCRM(G)usesMerriamWebstersCollegiateDictionary,eleventhedition,asits

authorityin

matters

of

spelling,

and

in

matters

of

style,

the

fifteenth

edition

of

theChicagoManualofStyle.

VII.Acronyms

AACR2 AngloAmericanCataloguingRules,secondeditionBIBCO MonographicBibliographicProgramofthePCCBSR BIBCOStandardRecordCC:DA CommitteeonCataloging:DescriptionandAccess,Associationfor

LibraryCollectionsandTechnicalServices,AmericanLibrary

AssociationDCRB DescriptiveCatalogingofRareBooksDCRM DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterialsDCRM(G) DescriptiveCatalogingofRareMaterials(Graphics)ISBD InternationalStandardBibliographicDescription


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INTRODUCTION


LC LibraryofCongressLCPS LibraryofCongressPolicyStatementsLCRI LibraryofCongressRuleInterpretationsPCC ProgramforCooperativeCatalogingRBMS RareBooksandManuscriptsSection,AssociationofCollegeand

ResearchLibraries,AmericanLibraryAssociationRDA ResourceDescriptionandAccess

VIII.Examplesandnotes

VIII.1.Examples.Theexamplesarenotinthemselvesprescriptive,butaremeanttoprovideamodelofreliableapplicationandinterpretationoftheruleinquestion.Aword,phrase,element,orentireareamaybeillustrated;ISBDpunctuationisgivenasneededonlyfortheportionillustrated.

VIII.2.Notes.Theinstructionsandguidelinesinarea7arewritteninimperativeform.Thisdoesnotimplythatallnotesarerequired;onthecontrary,mostnotesarenot(see7A1.5).ConsulttheotherareasofDCRM(G)inordertoascertainwhatisrequiredandwhatisoptionalinanygivensituation(see7A1).Theconventionsfornotesincludedaspartoftheexamplesareasfollows.

Noteindicatesthatthenoteisrequiredifapplicabletothesituation. Optionalnoteindicatesthatthenoteisnotrequired.Thelabelingofa

noteasoptionalintheserulescarriesnojudgmentaboutits

importance(seeintroductorysectionIV);certainnotesdesignatedasoptionalmayinfactbealmostuniversallyapplied.

Localnoteindicatesanotedescribingitemspecificinformationwhichisrequiredifapplicabletothesituation(see7B19).

Optionallocalnoteindicatesthatthenoteconcernsitemspecificinformationnotaffectingareas16.Itisnotrequired,butmustbeclearlyidentifiedasalocalnoteaccordingtotheprovisionsof7B19.1.1.Itemspecificinformationthatdoesaffectareas16,suchasbasingthedescriptionofpublishedmaterialonanimperfectitem(see0B2.2),isrequiredandrecordedinageneralnote.

Commentprefacesdetailsneededtoadequatelyexplaintheexample,andarenottobeconfusedwithnotesappearingwithinthebibliographicaldescription.


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INTRODUCTION

IX.Integrityoftheitem(imperfections)

Agreatervulnerabilitytodamage,defect,andlossmeansthatrarematerials,especiallyoldermaterials,arelesslikelythanmodernmaterialstobeinaperfectorcompleteconditionwhentheyreachthecataloger.Oneofthecatalogerstasksistoascertain(withinreasonableconstraints)whetherandhowmuchtheiteminhanddeviatesfromtheoriginalasissued.(See0B2.2)

X.Precatalogingdecisions

Beforeabibliographicrecordcanbecreatedforanitemorgroupofitemsawaitingcataloginginaninstitutionsspecialcollections,appropriatedecisionsmustbemaderegardingthearrayofdescriptiveoptionsavailabletothecataloger.Theseprecatalogingdecisionsinclude:determiningwhether

DCRM(G)orAACR2ruleswillgovernthedescription,choosingthelevelofcatalogingthatwillbeapplied,anddeterminingtheextenttowhichvariousoptionsintheruleswillbeexercised.

Thefollowingsectionprovidesguidanceforcatalogersandcatalogingadministratorsfacedwiththesedecisionsandidentifiessomeoftheinstitutionalandcontextualfactorsthatshouldbetakenintoconsideration.Itassumesthatcertainroutinechoiceswillalreadyhavebeenmade,suchaswhethertheencodingstandardforthedescriptionwillbeMARC21andwhetheraresourceissuedaspartofaseriesormultipartresourcewillbeanalyzed.

Institutionsmaypromoteefficiencybysettingcatalogingpoliciesforspecificcategoriesofmaterialsintheircollectionsbasedontheirmissionanduserneedsratherthanmakingdecisionsonanitembyitembasis.Forexample,aninstitutionmaycatalogallgraphicresourcesusingDCRM(G),buttraceprintersonlyforpre1850resources,andnotidentifyproductionprocessesforpostcards.Itmaydecidethatcollectionlevelcatalogingissufficientformostposters,butprovideitemlevelcatalogingforWorldWarTwoposters.Amechanismforeasilymakingexceptionstogeneralcatalogingpolicyisdesirableaswell.If,forexample,acuratorbuysaphotographicprintduetoitsunusualproductionprocess,descriptionofandaccesstotheprocessoughttobegiveninthebibliographicrecord,evenifitisnottheinstitutionsusualpolicytodescribephotographicproductionprocesses.


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INTRODUCTION


X.1.Decisionstomakebeforebeginningthedescription

X.1.1.Itemlevelvs.collectionleveldescription

Determinewhetherthematerialwillreceiveitemleveldescription,collection

leveldescription,orsomecombinationofthetwo.Instructionsforitemlevelcatalogingofsingleitemsandmultipartresourcesarefoundinchapters1through8ofDCRM(G).InstructionsforcreatingcollectionleveldescriptionsarefoundinAppendixB.

Differencesbetweenitemlevelandcollectionlevelrulesaremostevidentininstructionsforformulatingtitles,providingdates,andrecordingphysicaldescriptions.Transcriptionoftext,centraltomanyrulesfordescribingitems,islargelyirrelevantforcollections,resultinginsimplerinstructions.Physicaldescriptionofcollectionsneedstoaccommodateinfinitevariationinmaterialresultinginadeemphasisonmediaspecificdetailinfavorofclearcharacterizationoftheextentandtypeofmaterialpresent.Institutionalpolicyandcatalogersjudgmentnecessarilyplayalargerroleinformulatingcollectionleveldescriptions,soAppendixBprovidesgeneralguidelinestobeappliedflexibly.

Collectionlevelcatalogingisusuallyfasterthanitemlevelsometimesdramaticallysobutisattendedbysuchasubstantiallossofspecificitythatitsuseasthesolefinalcatalogingforagroupofitemsshouldbechosenonlyafter

carefulconsideration.

The

lack

of

specificity

can

be

mitigated

through

provision

ofsomesortofitemlevelcontrol,suchasaninventorylist,findingaid,ordatabase,andsuchanapproachishighlyrecommended.Collectionlevelcatalogingofrarematerialsismostsuitablewhenitemshaveminimalvalueinthemselvesbutderivevalueaspartofacollection.Useofcollectionlevelcontrolbyitselfmaybeappropriatewhenusersareunlikelytobeseekingknownitems,ortheriskofinadvertentpurchaseofduplicateindividualitemsisconsideredinsignificant.Collectionlevelcontrolaloneisunlikelytoprovideadequateevidencetoidentifymaterialsfollowingatheft.

Acombinationapproachwouldentailindividualcatalogingofallorselecteditemsinthecollectioninadditiontothecreationofacollectionlevelrecord.Suchanapproachmayinvolvephasedprocessing,wherebythecatalogercreatesacollectionlevelrecordtoprovideimmediatebasicaccesstothecollection,andthenlatercreatesitemlevelrecordsforpriorityitemsastimeandresourcespermit.


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INTRODUCTION

X.1.2.Catalogingcode:AACR2vs.DCRM(G)

Determinewhichcatalogingcodewillgovernthedescription.Bothcodescontainoptionalrulesinadditiontotherequiredones,andeachallowsvaryinglevelsofcatalogingdepth.

AACR2isgenerallyconsideredtobeeasierandquickertoapplythanDCRM(G).AACR2ismostsuitablewhen,inaninstitutionalcontext,anitemwasacquiredandisofsignificanceprimarilyforitscontentratherthanitsartifactualvalue.AACR2focusesoncommerciallyproducedgraphicmaterials,publishedand/ordocumentedartistsprintsandphotographs,portfolios,andreproductionsaccompaniedbyprintedinformation.Incontrast,useofDCRM(G)producesfullerdescriptionofvisualcontent(withfaithfultranscriptionsofrelevanttextualdata)andmoreaccuratephysicaldescriptions.DCRM(G)mayfacilitate

differentiation

between

manifestations

and

reveal

the

presence

of

variants

amongseeminglyidenticalitems.DCRM(G)ismostsuitablewhenanitemcarriesartifactualordocumentarysignificance,oritisotherwiseimportanttoprovidedistinctionsbetweenstates,variants,orindividualinstances.

X.1.3.Encodinglevel:DCRM(G)minimalvs.corevs.full

Determinewhetherthedescriptionwillbedoneataminimal,core,orfulllevel.Eachlevelhasitsparticularuseswithattendantadvantagesanddisadvantages.

DCRM(G)minimallevelprovidesforbasicdescriptionofvisualcontent(withfaithfultranscriptionofrelevanttextualdata)andexactphysicaldescription,butrequiresneithernotesnorheadings.Minimallevelrecordscanbeproducedquitequickly.Becausenameandsubjectheadingsmaybelacking,thematerialsrepresentedbytheserecordsmaybeinaccessiblethroughallbutknownitemsearches,andsoshouldbeusedonlyaftercarefulconsideration.DCRM(G)minimallevelmaybesuitablewhenaccuratephysicaldescriptionisdesiredbutarecordwithfewornoaccesspointsisacceptable,orwhenparticularexpertiseamongcurrentcatalogingstaffisinsufficientforspecificmediaidentificationForfurtherinformationoncreatingDCRM(G)minimalleveldescriptions,see

AppendixD.


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INTRODUCTION


DCRM(G)corelevelprovidesforfullerdescriptionofvisualcontent(withfaithfultranscriptionofrelevanttextualdata)andexactphysicaldescription,afullcomplementofnameheadings,andatleastonesubjectheading,butrequiresfewnotes.2Corelevelrecordsmaybesuitableforitemsorcollectionsthatcarryenoughartifactualordocumentarysignificancetobenefitfromdetaileddescriptionandcontrolledheadingaccess,butforwhichtheomissionofmostnotesisacceptable.ForfurtherinformationoncreatingDCRM(G)coreleveldescriptions,seeAppendixC.

DCRM(G)fulllevelrepresentsthenormativeapplicationoftheserules,yetencompassesarangeofpotentiallevelsofdetail.Fulllevelrecordsprovideforfullerdescriptionofvisualcontent(withfaithfultranscriptionofrelevanttextualdata)anddetailed,completephysicaldescription.Althoughsomenotesarerequired(e.g.,thesourceofthetitleproper),mostareoptionalandcanbe

appliedselectivelydependingonthenatureofacollectionoraninstitutionsneeds.Forexample,notesontheproductionhistoryofawork,provenance,orparticularattributesoftheiteminhandmaybeincludedoromittedasconsideredimportant.

AlthoughtreatmentofheadingsisoutsidethescopeofDCRM(G),fulllevelrecordstypicallycontainafullcomplementofnameandsubjectheadings.Inadditiontothosetypicallygiventogeneralmaterials,DCRM(G)fulllevelrecordsmaycontainheadingsforprinters,publishers,formerowners,etc.Thenameheadingsneednotbeestablishedusingauthorityrecords,althoughfullauthoritywork,especiallyif

contributedtotheLC/NACOAuthorityFile,willresultingreaterconsistencyofheadingsandimprovedaccess.3

Theadditionofgenre/formheadingsisparticularlyencouragedinfulllevelrecords.PrefertermsfoundintheThesaurusforGraphicMaterials;officialthesauri

2IfaninstitutionisaBIBCOparticipantcontributingcorelevelrecordsaspartoftheProgramforCooperativeCataloging(PCC),allheadingsmustbeestablishedintheLC/NACOandLC/SACOAuthorityFiles.

3IfaninstitutionisaBIBCOparticipantcontributingfulllevelrecordsaspartoftheProgramforCooperativeCataloging(PCC),allheadingsmustbeestablishedintheLC/NACOandLC/SACOAuthorityFiles.


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INTRODUCTION

maintainedbytheRBMSBibliographicStandardsCommittee4andtermsfromotherauthorizedthesauri(e.g.,theArtandArchitectureThesaurus)mayalsobeusedasappropriate.

X.1.4.Variants

ItistakenasadefaultapproachinDCRM(G)thataseparaterecordwillbemadeforeachvariantthatrepresentswhatisreferredtoasaneditioninAACR2andastateinartscholarship.However,withintherules,alternativesareprovided(see2A0)thatpermitthecreationofasinglerecordfordifferingmanifestations.Oncethedecisionhasbeenmadetoapplythesealternativerules,thecatalogermustbeconsistentinapplyingthemtoallareasofthedescription.Forfurtherguidanceonthecatalogingofdifferingmanifestations,seeAppendixE.

X.2.Factorstoconsiderinmakingthesedecisions

Considerthefollowingfactorswhendeterminingappropriatelevelsofdescriptionandaccessformaterialsawaitingcataloging.Thesefactorswillhelptoidentifyitemsthatmightdeservemoredetaileddescriptionsorhigherprioritytreatment.

X.2.1.Institutionsmissionanduserneeds

Evaluatetherelevanceoftheitemsawaitingcatalogingtotheinstitutionsmissionandtheneedsofitsusers.Ideally,theinstitutionwillhavedeveloped

internaldocumentationthatwillfacilitatesuchanevaluation,includingamissionstatement,collectiondevelopmentguidelines,andalistingofconstituentusersandtheiranticipatedneeds.Theneedsofbothpatrons(researchers,teachers,students,etc.)andstaff(collectiondevelopment,reference,technicalservices,etc.)shouldbetakenintoconsideration.

X.2.2.Institutionalanddepartmentalresources

4Thesethesauriinclude:BindingTerms;GenreTerms;PaperTerms;PrintingandPublishingEvidence;ProvenanceEvidence;andTypeEvidence.


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INTRODUCTION


Evaluateinstitutionalanddepartmentalresources,especiallystaffinglevels,expertise,andcurrentworkloads.

Isstaffabletokeepupwiththeinflowofnewmaterials? Isthereareasonablebalancebetweenresourcesdevotedtoacquiring

materialsandthosedevotedtoprocessingthem?

Iscurrentstaffexpertiseinidentificationofproductiontechniques,subjectareas,descriptivestandards,andencodingstandardsadequateforimplementingand/orcompletingproposedworkplans?

Isstaffabletoworkconcurrentlywithmorethanonecodeand/ordescriptionlevel?

Arefundingandspaceavailableforhiringnewtemporaryorpermanentstaffwiththenecessaryqualifications?

Areadequatereferencesources,suchasspecializedcataloguesraisonns,availableforstaffuse?

Howmanyotherprojectsareinprocessandwhataretheirrequirementsandpriorities?

Theregularreviewofcatalogingprioritiesishighlyrecommendedandshouldincludediscussionswithcuratorial,publicservices,technicalservices,andpreservationstaff.

X.2.3.

Market

value

and

conditions

of

acquisition

of

the

item

or

collection

Considertheconditionsofacquisitionandtheestimatedmarketworthoftheitemorcollectionawaitingcataloging.

Doesthemonetaryorpublicrelationsvalueofthematerialjustifyahigherlevelofaccessthanwouldotherwiseapply?

Haveanyaccessrequirementsbeenimposedbyadonoraspartofthetermsofacquisition?

Istheitemorcollectionaccompaniedbydescriptivedata(e.g.,aphotographerslogbook)thatwillfacilitatecataloging?

X.2.4.Intellectualandphysicalcharacteristicsoftheitemorcollection

Finally,evaluatetheintellectualandphysicalcharacteristicsoftheitemsawaitingcataloging.


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INTRODUCTION

Isthereaunifyingcharacteristicthatwouldjustifyandfacilitatethedescriptionofthematerialsasagroup(e.g.,artist,subjectmatter,genre/form,etc.)withacollectionlevelrecord?

Isaparticularcollectionrenowned? Dothematerialshaveatopicalfocusthathasrecentlyacquired

importanceorurgency(e.g.,duetoascholarlyconferencehostedbytheinstitutionorthehiringofanewprofessorwithaparticularspecialty)?

Iscatalogingcopygenerallyavailable? Weretheitemspurchasedprimarilyfortheircontent? Dothespecificitemshaveartisticorartifactualvalue? Istheinstitutioncollectingdeeplyinthearea? Aredetaileddescriptionslikelytorevealvariantsthatwillbeof

interesttoresearchers?

Aredetaileddescriptionslikelytohelppreventtheinadvertentpurchaseofduplicatesorthefailuretoacquiredesirablevariants?

Istheitemorcollectionvulnerabletotheftorvandalism? Wouldamoredetaileddescriptionhelppreventunnecessaryhandling

bystaffandresearchers?

Wouldamoredetaileddescriptionassistinretrievalofsurrogates?


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0.GENERALRULES

Contents:0A.Scope

0B.Thebasicdescription0C.Chiefsourceofinformation0D.Prescribedsourcesofinformation0E.Prescribedpunctuation0F.Languageandscriptofthedescription0G.Transcription

0A.Scope

Theserulesprovideinstructionsforcataloginggraphicmaterials,otherthanmaps,whoserarity,value,orinterest(i.e.,theircontinuingorpotentialaestheticordocumentaryvalue)makespecialdescriptionnecessaryordesirable.Suchresourcesmaybeunpublished(thoughtheymayexistinmultipleinstances)orpublished.Therulescoverinstructionsforthedescriptiveareasinbibliographicrecordsonly(seealsointroductorysectionsIII).Specifically,theymayapplyto:

Singletwodimensionalpictorialworks.Typicalexamplesincludeprints,posters,drawings,paintings,photographicprints,negatives,transparencies,andslides.

Finite

sets

and

suites

of

two

dimensional

pictorial

works

treated

monographicallyasmultipartresources.

Illustrationsinpublishedbooks,magazines,etc. Borndigitalimagessuchasdigitalcameraphotographyand

computergeneratedarchitecturalrenderings.

Forinstructionsoncatalogingcollections,whetherassembledpriortoacquisition(e.g.byanartistorcollector)orlocallyforcatalogingpurposes,seeAppendixB.Forinstructionsoncataloginggraphicmaterialswithconventionaltitlepages,

seeAppendixH.


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GENERALRULES


0B.Thebasicdescription

0B1.Requiredelements

Thedescriptionmustalwaysincludethefollowingelements,regardlessofthe

completenessoftheinformationavailable: Titleproper(see1B) Dateofcreationorpublication(see4D) Extent(see5B) Sizeandformat(see5D)

Alsoincludeotherelementsofdescriptionassetoutinthefollowingrules,ifavailableandappropriatetothechosenlevelofdescription.

0B2.Basisofthedescription

0B2.1.Generalrule.Basethedescriptiononthematerialinhand.

0B2.2.Imperfections.Ifdescribingmaterialknowntobeimperfect,anddetailsofaperfect(ormoreperfect)examplecanbedetermined,basethedescriptionontheperfectexample.Usesquarebracketsonlywhererequiredfordescriptionoftheperfectexample.Insuchcases,thedetailsmaybedeterminedbyexaminingadditionalexamplesorbyreferringtoreliabledescriptionsinothersources.As

appropriate,cite

the

source

used

for

the

description

in

anote

(see

7B3,

7B12).

Makealocalnotedescribingtheimperfectionofthematerialinhand(see7A4.1).

Betty the cook maids head drest. - London : W. Humphrey, 1776

Note:Imprint from George

Local note:Imperfect; trimmed below title, removing imprint

Ifnoreliableevidenceofthedetailsofaperfectexampleisavailable,describethematerialasitis.Makeageneralnoteindicatingthatthedescriptionisbasedonanimperfectexample.Seealso0G6.3.

0C.Chief

source

of

information

Thechiefsourceofinformationistextprovidedbythecreatororcreatingbodyonorwiththematerial.Possiblesourcesincludethefrontandbackoftheimage,thecontainer,digitallyembeddedmetadata,andcaptionlists.Transcribe


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GENERALRULES

informationfoundinthechiefsource.Whennosuitablecreatorsuppliedtextispresent,supplyinformationinsquarebracketsasnecessary.

0D.Prescribedsourcesofinformation

Theprescribedsource(s)ofinformationforeachareaofthedescriptionissetoutinpreferredorderbelow.

Area Prescribedsourcesofinformation1.Titleandstatementofresponsibility Chiefsource2.State Chiefsource3.Material(ortypeofpublication)specific (Notapplicabletographicmaterials)

details4.Publication,distribution,creation,etc. Chiefsource5.Physicaldescription Thematerialasawhole

6.Series

Chief

source

7.Note Anysource8.Standardnumberandtermsofavailability Chiefsource

Inallcasesinwhichinformationforareas1,2,4,or6istakenfromelsewherethanthechiefsource,makeanotetoindicatethesourceoftheinformation(see7B3,7B6,7B7.1,7B8).

0E.Prescribedpunctuation

Precedeeacharea,otherthanthefirst,byaperiodspacedashspace(. )unlesstheareabeginsanewparagraph.

Precedeorencloseeachoccurrenceofanelementofanareawithstandardpunctuationasindicatedintheprescribedpunctuationsectionsoftheserules.

Precedeeachmarkofprescribedpunctuationbyaspaceandfollowitbyaspace,withthefollowingexceptions:thecomma,period,closingparenthesis,andclosingsquarebracketarenotprecededbyaspace;theopeningparenthesisandopeningsquarebracketarenotfollowedbyaspace.

Endparagraphswithnormalpunctuation(usuallytheperiod).

Ifanentireareaorelementisomittedfromthebibliographicdescription(e.g.,becauseitisnotpresentinthesource),alsoomititscorrespondingprescribedpunctuation.Donotusethemarkofomission.


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GENERALRULES


0F.Languageandscriptofthedescription

0F1.Generalrule

0F1.1.Inthefollowingareas,transcribeinformationonorwiththematerialin

thelanguageandscript(whereverfeasible)inwhichitappearsthere: titleandstatementofresponsibility5 edition publication,distribution,creation,etc. series

0F1.2.Giveinterpolations(see0G6)intotheseareasinthelanguageandscriptoftheotherinformationinthearea,exceptforprescribedinterpolationsandother

casesspecifiedintheserules(e.g.,4B5,4B6.2,4C6.2).Iftheotherinformationintheareaisromanized,giveinterpolationsaccordingtothesameromanization.

0F1.3.Innotes,giveinformationotherthantitles,citations,andquotationsinthelanguageandscriptofthecatalogingagency.

0F2.Romanization

0F2.1.Ifitisnotfeasibletotranscribefromthematerialusinganonromanscript,romanizethetextaccordingtotheALALCRomanizationTables.Donotenclose

theromanized

text

within

square

brackets.

Make

anote

to

indicate

that

the

romanizedtextappearsinnonromanscriptonthematerial(see7B2.2)

Source:-!

Transcription:Rodina-mat' zovet!

5Ifnonromantexthasbeentranscribedwithinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provideadditionaltitleaccessforaromanizedformofthetitleproper(seeAppendixF).


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GENERALRULES

0F2.2.Optionally,ifitisfeasibletotranscribefromthematerialusinganonromanscript,alsoprovideparallelromanizedfieldsusingtheALALCRomanizationTables.Donotenclosetheromanizedtextwithinsquarebrackets,butindicateinanotethattheromanizationdoesnotappearonthesource.

Note:Romanization supplied by cataloger

0G.Transcription

Transcribeinformationintheformandorderinwhichitispresentedinthesource,accordingtothesegeneralrules0B0G,unlessinstructedotherwisebyspecificrules.Donotusethemarkofomissiontoindicatetransposition.

0G1.Letters,diacritics,symbols,andrebuses

0G1.1.Letters

and

diacritics.

Ingeneral,transcribelettersastheyappear.Donotaddaccentsandotherdiacriticalmarksnotpresentinthesource.Convertearlierformsoflettersanddiacriticalmarkstotheirmodernform(seeAppendixG2).Inmostlanguages,includingLatin,transcribealigaturebygivingitscomponentlettersseparately.Donot,however,separatethecomponentlettersofinAngloSaxon;inFrench;orandinancientormodernScandinavianlanguages.Ifthereisanydoubtastothecorrectconversionoflettersanddiacriticalmarkstomodernform,transcribethemfromthesourceasexactlyaspossible.

Source:

IOHNBULLsHOUSEsettinFLAMES

Transcription:Iohn Bull's house sett in flames

Source:

FunuponFun,orthefirtandecondpartofMisKittyFihersMerrythought

Transcription:

Fun upon fun, or, The first and second part of Miss Kitty Fishers

merry thought

0G1.2.Symbols,etc.Exceptforrebuses,replacesymbolsorothermatterthatcannotbereproducedusingavailabletypographicalfacilitieswithacatalogers


25/205

GENERALRULES


descriptioninsquarebrackets.Thisincludesy frequently mistranscribed asye. Makeanexplanatorynoteifnecessary.

Source:

SouldbyWill.FaithorneattysignofyshippwithinTempleBar

Transcription:Sould by Will. Faithorne att [the] sign of [the] shipp within

Temple Bar

0G1.3Rebuses.Replacepicturesinrebuseswiththeintendedwordsinsquarebrackets.Makeanexplanatorynote(seealso4D2.2).

The [Bute] interest in the [city], or, The [bridge] in the

[hole]. -- [London] : Sold in May's [Buildings] Covent [Garden]

[by George Bickham, 1760]

Note:Title and publisher's address in the form of a rebus. Bute

represented as a boot in the rebus(Comment:Dateandpublishersnamesuppliedbycataloger)

0G2.Capitalizationandconversionofcase

0G2.1.Generalrule.ConvertletterstouppercaseorlowercaseaccordingtotherulesforcapitalizationinAACR2,AppendixA.Donotconvertcasewhentranscribingromannumerals.

RDAalternative:

ApplyrulesforcapitalizationasgiveninRDAAppendixA.

0G2.2.Lettersi/jandu/v.IftherulesforcapitalizationrequireconvertingthelettersIorVtolowercaseori,j,u,orvtouppercase,applythefollowingtabletodeterminewhichletterformtouse,exceptinthecaseofgothicscript.Ifthesourceusesagothicscriptthatdoesnotdistinguishbetweenthelettersi/jorthelettersu/v,transcribethelettersasiandvrespectively.Forinformationonearlyprintingasitpertainstothetranscriptionofi/jandu/v,seeAppendixG4.Ifanyofthelettersistranscribedwithinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproperin


26/205

GENERALRULES

convertedform,provideadditionaltitleaccessusingalternativeformsofthetitleproperasneeded(seeAppendixF).

Uppercaselettertobeconverted LowercaseconversionI(vowelorconsonant)anywhereinword6 i

IIatendofword ij

IIelsewhereinword ii

V(vowelorconsonant)atbeginningofword v

V(vowelorconsonant)elsewhereinword u

VVrepresentingsingleletter7 vv

Lowercaselettertobeconverted Uppercaseconversioni(vowelorconsonant)anywhereinword I

j(vowelorconsonant)anywhereinword I

u(vowelorconsonant)anywhereinword V

v(vowelorconsonant)anywhereinword V

vvrepresentingsingleletter7 VV

Source:

OLEVMOLIVARVM

Transcription:Oleum oliuarum

6DonotconvertafinaluppercaseImeanttorepresentaniiending(see0G2.3).

7ThismustbedistinguishedfromVVorvvasacombinationofavowelandaconsonantasintheexamplesVVLTorvvlt(vult,hewants)andVVAorvva(uva,grape).


27/205

GENERALRULES


0G2.3.Chronograms.Capitallettersoccurringapparentlyatrandomorinaparticularsequencemayrepresentachronogram.Wherethereisgoodreasontoassumethatachronogramisbeingused,donotconvertlettersconsideredpartofthechronogramfromuppercasetolowercase,orfromlowercasetouppercase(seealso4D2.2).

DoMI et patrIae VIVIt herVs, forIs et eXterIs VIXIt CLarVs

Note:Title inscribed around portrait forms a chronogram for 1703

0G3.Punctuationinthesource

0G3.1.Generalrule.Donotnecessarilytranscribepunctuationasitappearsinthesource.Instead,followmodernpunctuationconventions,usingcommonsenseindecidingwhethertoincludethepunctuation,omitit,replaceit,oraddpunctuationnotpresent.

"Yes, sir, everything's ho-kee-doke, Betty's voice is normal

again!"

(Comment:Quotationmarksaddedtorepresentspeechbubbleinsource)

Libres, libertad de cultos, libertad de palabra, libres de

miseria, libres de temor

(Comment:Commasaddedtorepresentbreaksindicatedbypostersletteringstyleandwordplacement)

Perdito & Perdita, or, The man & woman of the people

(Source:Perdito&PerditaortheMan&WomanofthePeople)

Red Jacket concrete bridge dedication, Aug. 22, '11(Comment:Titleonthepanoramicphotohashyphensinsteadofspacesbetweenwords;punctuationisnormalizedtomodernconventions)

[B] London : Printed for A. Millar, over-against Catharine-

Street in the Strand, MDCCLI [1751]

(Source:London:PrintedforAMillar,overagainstCatharinestreetintheStrand.M,DCC,LI.)


28/205

GENERALRULES

Alternativerule:Transcribeallpunctuationasfoundinthesourceofinformation,withtheexceptionofthosemarkscoveredinrules0G3.50G3.7.Whenfollowingthisalternativerule,alwaysincludeprescribedpunctuation

as

well,

even

if

this

results

in

double

punctuation.

Prescribed

punctuation

is

treatedatthebeginningofeachchapterwithintheserules.

[B] The unhappy favourite; or, The Earl of Essex. : A tragedy.

/ Written by Jno; Banks

(Comment:Commasarenotrequiredaroundorwhenapplyingthisoption,becausecommassurroundingaconjunctionintroducinganalternativetitleareanAACR2convention,notprescribedISBDpunctuation)

London: : Printed for A Millar, over-against Catharine-Street

in the Strand., M,DCC,LI. [1751]

RDAalternative:Transcribepunctuationasitappearsinthesource.Addpunctuation,ifnecessary,forclarity.(RDA1.7.11.7.3)

0G3.2.Apostrophesandquotationmarks.Transcribeapostrophesandquotationmarksasfound.Donotsupplythispunctuationifnotpresentinthesource.

George Peck's grand revival of Stetson's Uncle Tom's cabin

Daniel Webster, New Englands choice for twelfth President of the

United States

"Beat it. I'm busy stirrin' up th' masses"

0G3.3.Hyphens.Transcribehyphensusedtoconnecttheconstituentpartsofcompoundwords,normalizingtheirformasnecessary(seeAppendixG2).Donotsupplyhyphensnotpresentinthesource.

Yale College, New-Haven

[B] Report of the Boston Female Anti Slavery Society

0G3.4.Punctuationwithinromannumerals.Donottranscribeinternalmarksofpunctuationappearingwithinromannumerals.Omitthemwithoutusingthemarkofomission.


29/205

GENERALRULES


[B] The bye-laws and regulations of the Marine Society,

incorporated in MDCCLXXII

0G3.5.Ellipses,squarebrackets,andvirgules.Donottranscribeellipses...orsquarebrackets[]whenpresentinthesource;replacethemwithadashand

parentheses(

)respectively

or

omit

them,

as

appropriate.

Do

not

confuse

a

virgule(/)ingothicscriptwithaslash;replaceitwithacommaoromitit,asappropriate.Makeanexplanatorynote,ifconsideredimportant.

Source:

[GM]Ifelected...

Transcription:If elected--

Optional note:On material, "elected" is followed by an ellipsis

Whenreplacing...with,leaveaspaceafterthe,unlessthedashisatthebeginning.

Y'know Will-- for a few quid more I could retouch it a little--

[GM] --and then there were none

0G3.6.Linebreaks.Donottranscribeahyphenorothermarkofpunctuationusedtoconnectasingleworddividedbetweentwolinesortwoportionsofaline;transcribeasasingleword,ignoringthepunctuation.Ifthefunctionofthehyphenisindoubt(e.g.,ifitmightformpartofacompoundword),transcribeit.

Source(showinglineendings):

LAPACEAPPORTATRICEDIGIUSTIZIA,DILAVORO,DIBENESSERE

Transcription:La pace apportatrice di giustizia, di lavoro, di benessere

0G3.7.Punctuationsubstitutingforletters.Transcribeasasinglehypheneachdistincthyphen,dash,line,orunderscorecharacterusedinthesource,whetherusedasasubstituteforoneormorelettersinaword,orforanentireword.

Source:

Mrs.RnpreparingtoreceivetheDukedeChs


30/205

GENERALRULES

Transcription:Mrs. R---n preparing to receive the Duke de Ch---s

Source:

R__LADVICE

Transcription:R-l advice

(Comment:Sourceisasingleetchedlineaswideastwocharacters,presumablyambiguouslyrepresentingbothRealandRoyal,butinanycase,asinglelineisalwaystranscribedasasinglehyphen)

Transcribeasterisksasasterisks.

The conduct of the two B*****rs

Ifthevaluesofthemissinglettersareknown,providetheinformationinanote,ifconsideredimportant.Ifthemissinglettersoccurwithinthefirstfivewordsofthetitle,andthevaluesofthemissinglettersareknown,provideadditionaltitleaccesstothefullform.

Source:

[B]ClaraH_____d

Transcription:Clara H-d

Optional note:Clara H-d is Clara Hayward

0G4.Spacing

0G4.1.Spacingwithinwordsandnumbers.Ingeneral,followmodernspacingconventionswhentranscribingfromthesource.Makenoattempttopreservefullorirregularspacesbetweenletterswithinwords.Ifawordisdividedbetweentheendofonelineandthebeginningofthenext,transcribeitasasingleword,ignoringthelinebreak.

Omitinternalspaceswhentranscribingnumbers(includingromannumerals).

Source:

O LFA CTVS

Transcription:Olfactus


31/205

GENERALRULES


Alternativerule:Transcribeinternalspaceswithinnumbers(includingromannumerals).Ifmultiplespacesordifferentsizesofspacesappearbetweentwocharacterswithinthenumber,transcribethemasasinglespace.

Source:

M. D. CC.XLIV

Transcription:M. D. CC. XLIV

0G4.2.Spacingbetweenwords.Ifspacingbetweenwordsinthesourceisambiguous,orlacking,includespacesinthetranscriptiontoseparatethewordsasneeded.Ifthemissingspacesoccurinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,

provideadditionaltitleaccessfortheformoftitleasitappearsinthesource,withoutthespaces(seeAppendixF).

Source:

Foundingfatherfollyday

Transcription:Founding father folly day

0G4.3.Variantspellings.Donotinsertorremovespacesthatmerelyrepresentvariantorarchaicspellings.8

Source:

AttheFootoftheTrail,YoSemiteValley

Transcription:At the foot of the trail, Yo Semite Valley

8Ifthevariantorarchaicspellingsoccurinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provideadditionaltitleaccessfortheformofthetitlewiththespacinginserted(seeAppendixF).


32/205

GENERALRULES

0G5.Omissions

0G5.1.Generalrule.Indicateomissionsinthetranscriptionorinaquotednotebyusingthemarkofomission.Whenusingthemarkofomission,generallygiveitwithaspaceoneitherside.However,giveaspaceononlyonesideifthemark

comesattheendofanarea,isprecededbyanopeningparenthesisoropeningsquarebracket,orisfollowedbyaclosingparenthesis,closingsquarebracket,orcomma.Donottranscribeamarkofpunctuationthatprecedesthemarkofomissionunlessitisamarkofabbreviationoraperiod,exclamationmark,orquestionmark.

[B] Oxford : Printed by Leon. Lichfield ... and are to be sold by

the Widow Howell, 1698

Amsterdam : Printed for the Widow Swart ..., 1688

(Comment:Themarkofomissionhasaspaceononlyonesidebecauseitis

followedbyacomma)

[GM] Advertisement, Charleston, S.C. : to be sold ... 250

Negroes! ...

0G5.2.Informationnotconsideredpartofanyarea.Ifomittinggrammaticallyseparableinformationfromthetranscriptionbecauseitisnotconsideredpartofanyarea(piousinvocations,etc.;see1A2.4),donotusethemarkofomission.Ifconsideredimportant,givetheomittedinformationinanote.

0G6.Interpolations

0G6.1.Generalrule.Indicateaninterpolationinthetranscriptionorinaquotednotebyenclosingitinsquarebrackets.Iftranscribingtextwithmissingorobscuredlettersorwordsthatcanbereconstructedwithsomecertainty,includetheseinthetranscription,enclosingtheminsquarebrackets.Makeanexplanatorynote,ifconsideredimportant.

Philipp[us]

(Comment:Thewordendswitha superscript)

Here com[e]s [S]anta Cl[a]us

(Comment:Wordsalternateverticallyandhorizontally,intersectingwithsharedletters,asinacrosswordpuzzle)

[GM] Qui [est] la?

(Comment:Drawingisdamagedandwordisbeinginterpolated)


33/205

GENERALRULES


0G6.2.Conjecturalandindecipherabletext.Indicateaconjecturalinterpolationbyaddingaquestionmarkimmediatelyaftertheinterpolation,withinthesquarebrackets.Supplyaquestionmarkenclosedinsquarebracketsforeachindeterminablewordorportionofword.Makenotestojustifytheinterpolations,provideexplanations,oroffertentativereadingsofindecipherableportionsoftext,ifconsideredimportant.

[John?] Cameron

(Comment:SitterpossiblyidentifiedasJohnCameron)

amico[rum?]

(Comment:Thewordendswithabrevigraphaspecialmarksofcontractionincontinuanceofthemanuscripttraditionthatisconjecturedtobea )

amico[?]

(Comment:Thebrevigraphattheendofthewordcannotbedetermined)

El[speth?] [?] McWhorter

(Comment:Anautographwithsomeconjecturedlettersintheforenameandanindecipherablemiddleinitial,transcribedinalocalnote)

0G6.3.Lacunaeinimperfectexamples.Ifthedescriptionisbasedonanimperfectexample(see0B2.2)andthemissingportioncannotbereconstructedwithsomecertainty,usethemarkofomissionenclosedinsquarebrackets([...])toshowlacunaeintheresource.

[...] modern minstrels

Note:Description based on an imperfect example; title torn,

removing all lettering above lower portion of "modern"

(Comment:althoughimageisprinted,nootherexamplesareknown)

0G6.4.Blankspaces.Iftranscribingtextcontainingablankspaceintendedtobecompletedlater,asiscommonincertificates,pictoriallettersheets,performanceadvertisements,etc.,supplythewordblankenclosedinsquarebrackets.Iftheblankhasbeencompletedintheitembeingdescribed,indicatethisinalocalnote,ifconsideredimportant.Iftheblankoccursinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provideadditionaltitleaccessfortheformoftitlewithouttheinterpolatedword[blank](seeAppendixF).

Admit [blank] to the private view at Strawberry Hill

Optional local note:Lewis Walpole Library copy has "Mr. Thomas

and 5 friends" supplied in manuscript

0G6.5.Adjacentelements.Ifadjacentelementsaretobeenclosedinsquarebrackets,eachisenclosedinitsownpairofsquarebrackets.


34/205

GENERALRULES

[Springland, Pa.] : [W. Burch], [1808]

0G7.Inaccuracies,misprints,etc.

0G7.1.Inaccuracies.Transcribeaninaccuracy,misspelling,ormisprintasit

appearson

the

material.

Follow

such

an

inaccuracy

either

by

[sic]

or

by

the

abbreviationi.e.andthecorrectionwithinsquarebrackets.Ifthemisprintoccursinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provideadditionaltitleaccessfortheformoftitlewithouttheinterpolationandfortheformoftitleasifithadbeenprintedcorrectly(seeAppendixF).

Pehriska-Ruhpa, Moennitarri warrior in the costume of the dog

danse [sic]

Baltimore from Federal Hall [i.e. Hill]

Dracula, by Hamilton Deane and John L. Dalderston [i.e.

Balderston]

(Comment:AposteradvertisementfortheplayDraculawhichisbyDeanandBalderston)

Donotcorrectwordsspelledaccordingtoolderornonstandardorthographicconventions,e.g.,franoiseforfranaise,orantientforancient.

RDAalternative:Donotfollowinaccuracieswith[sic]ori.e.andthecorrectioninsquarebrackets.Instead,makeanotecorrectingtheinaccuracy.

(RDA1.7.9)

0G7.2.Deliberatemisspellings.Donotcorrectwordsmisspelledforhumorouseffect.Ifconsideredimportant,makeanexplanatorynote.Additionaltitleaccessmaybeprovided(seeAppendixF).

The Summer Shower, or, Mademoiselle Par, a Pluye

Optional note:For "Par, a Pluye" read "parapluie"

0G7.3.Reversed,

turned,

and

approximated

letters.Transcribeareversedor

turnedletter(i.e.,anupsidedownletter),whetherinadvertentordeliberate,astheintendedletter.Transcribetwolettersoftypeusedtoapproximateathirdletterastheintendedletter.However,transcribeletterpressvvasvv(seeAppendixG5).Makeanexplanatorynote,ifconsideredimportant.Ifthetwo


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GENERALRULES


lettersoftypeusedtoapproximateathirdletteroccurinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provideadditionaltitleaccessfortheformoftitlewiththeletterstranscribedasset(seeAppendixF).

Al Palzer, boxer

Optional note:Hand-lettered z in "Palzer" looks like an s on theglass negative

Bessario Patriarcha Constantinopoli

Optional note:Third "n" in Constantinopoli is reversed

Representation du feu terrible a Nouvelle Yorck

Optional note:As characteristic of vues d'optique, title is

printed in reverse

Ain Anzaigung wie D. Martinus Luther

Optional note:The "w" in "wie" is formed using "rv"

0G8.Abbreviations

and

contractions

0G8.1.Whentranscribing,donotabbreviateanywordsnotabbreviatedinthesource.

peint d'aprs nat. par Ch. Bodmer

0G8.2.Ifbrevigraphs(specialmarksofcontractionincontinuanceofthemanuscripttradition)havebeenused,expandaffectedwordstotheirfullformandenclosesuppliedlettersinsquarebrackets(seeAppendixG3).Makeanexplanatorynote,ifconsideredimportant(see7B4.3).Ifabrevigraphstanding

foranentirewordappearsinthesource,supplyinsteadtheworditself,enclosedinsquarebrackets.However,transcribeanampersandoraTironiansign( )asanampersand.Encloseeachexpansionorsuppliedwordinitsownsetofsquarebrackets.

Source:

HENRICVSDEIGR REXANGLIE

Transcription:Henricus Dei gra[tia] Rex Anglie

Ifthemeaningofabrevigraphisconjectural,applythebracketingconventionsgivenin0G6.2.

0G8.3.Donotexpandabbreviationsormoderncontractionswhentranscribing.Iftheabbreviationoccursinthefirstfivewordsofthetitleproper,provide


36/205

GENERALRULES

additionaltitleaccessfortheexpandedformifconsideredimportant(seeAppendixF).

0G9.Superscriptsandsubscripts

Transcribesuperscriptandsubscriptcharactersonthelineunlessthesensewouldbeaffected(e.g.,inamathematicalformula).Alwaystranscribetheperiodinanabbreviationattheendoftheabbreviation.

Source:

M.rKingintheCharacterofLd.Ogilby

Transcription:Mr. King in the character of Ld. Ogilby

Source:

M.V.drGuchtSculp.

Transcription:M. Vdr. Gucht sculp.

(Comment:EngraverisMichaelvanderGucht,alsofrequentlyknownasMichaelVanderGucht)

Source:

Caro.eWatson

Transcription:

Caroe. Watson

(Comment:EngraverisCarolineWatson)

0G10.Initials,etc.

0G10.1.Transcribeinitials,initialisms,andacronymswithoutinternalspaces,regardlessofhowtheyarepresentedinthesourceofinformation.

F.S. Chanfrau in the character of "Mose"

Made in NATO

(Comment:Onposter,acronymisarrangedasahalfcircle,withspacesbetweenletters)

MDarly

(Comment:Initialsofthefirstandlastnameformamonogram)


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GENERALRULES


0G10.2.Treatanabbreviationconsistingofmorethanasingleletterasifitwereadistinctword,separatingitwithaspacefromprecedingandsucceedingwordsorinitials.

Ph. D.

R. St. G.M. pinxt.

(Comment:Onlypinxt.,meaningpaintedit,isprecededbyaspaceintheoriginal;artistisRichardStGeorgeMansergh)

Mr. J.P. Morgan

0G10.3.Iftwoormoredistinctinitialisms(orsetsofinitials),acronyms,orabbreviationsappearinjuxtaposition,separatethemwithaspace.

M. J.P. Rabaut

(Comment:ThefirstinitialstandsforMonsieur)


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1.TITLEANDSTATEMENTOFRESPONSIBILITYAREA

Contents:1A.Preliminaryrule

1B.Transcribedtitleproper1C.Paralleltitles1D.Othertitleinformation1E.Suppliedanddevisedtitles1F.Statementsofresponsibility1G.Materialwithoutacollectivetitle1H.Generalmaterialdesignation

1A.Preliminaryrule

1A0.Introductoryremarks

Thecatalogermustdecidewhetherprintedormanuscripttextinthechiefsourceofinformationconstitutesatitleand/orstatementofresponsibilitythatcanbetranscribedforthecatalogrecord.Incidentalinformationdeterminednottobetitleand/orstatementofresponsibility(e.g.,numbering,mailingaddress,customername)maybedescribedortranscribedinanote.Forpublishedmaterialwithaconventionaltitlepage,seealsoAppendixH.

1A1.Prescribedpunctuation

Titlesforgraphicmaterialwilloftennotlendthemselveseasilytotheapplicationoftheprescribedpunctuation.If,however,thedatacanbeseparatedclearlyintotitleproperandothertitleinformation,supplytheprescribedpunctuation.

John Howell, an Indianapolis newsboy, makes $.75 some days.

Begins at 6 a.m., Sundays. (Lives at 215 W. Michigan St.)

(Comment:Thechiefsourceforthisphotographisatypedcaptioncardthatdoesnoteasilydivideintoprimaryandsecondaryparts.Theentirecaptionistreatedasthetitleproper)

Barnum & Bailey greatest show on earth, daring and dangerousequestrian act : in which the courageous artist guides his

horse through a flaming hoop of fire...

(Comment:Circusposterscommonlyhavethenameofthecircusatthetopandadescriptionoftheactshownintheimageatthebottom.Bothsectionsaretreatedasthetitlepropertorepresentthetitledistinctively)


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AREA1.TITLEANDSTATEMENTOFRESPONSIBILITY


Your wartime duty! Don't waste water : Do not use hose for

washing your automobile. Do use water from a pail

(Comment:Thispostertitlecanbeseparatedintoprimaryandsecondarypartsbecausethetitleproperisinlargelettersabovetheimageandothertitleinformationisbelowtheimage)

Forinstructionsontheuseofspacesbeforeandafterprescribedpunctuation,see0E.

Enclosethegeneralmaterialdesignation[GMD]insquarebrackets.

Precedethetitleofapartorsection(see1B8)byaperiod.

Precedeeachparalleltitlebyanequalssign.

Precedeeachunitofothertitleinformationbyacolon.

Precedethefirststatementofresponsibilitybyadiagonalslash.

Precedeeachsubsequentstatementofresponsibilitybyasemicolon.

Forthepunctuationofthisareawhenapublicationhasnocollectivetitle,see1F.

1A2.Sourcesofinformation

1A2.1.Generalrule.Theprescribedsourceofinformationforthetitleandstatementofresponsibilityareaistext(printedormanuscript)providedbythe

creatororcreatingbodyonorwiththematerial.Benj. Franklin / engraved by Geo. E. Perine, N.Y., for the

Eclectic, after drawing by C.N. Cochin, 1777

(Comment:AfacsimileofFranklinssignaturebelowimageisusedasatitleforapublishedportraitlikelytobecitedbywhatisprintedontheitem;thestatementofresponsibilityisalsotranscribed)

B. Franklin of Philadelphia L.L.D. F.R.S. / M. Chamberlin pinxt.

; E. Fisher fecit.

(Comment:Nameinformationprintedbelowaportraitistreatedasatitle;statementofresponsibilityisalsotranscribed)

Dom Smith, Vladivostok, 1899

(Comment:Contemporaryhandwrittenphraseonpageofphotoalbumcompiledbyphotographeristreatedasatitle)

Cat show


40/205


(Comment:Manuscripttextwiththematerial(inamagazineslogbookofitsphotographerswork)istranscribedasthetitle)

"Is this what you mean?" / Herblock

(Comment:Quoteddialogistranscribedasthetitleofacartoondrawing,withartistssignatureinstatementofresponsibility)

Etchings by Henry William Bunbury

(Comment:Auniqueassemblageofprintsanddrawingswithaspeciallyprintedtitlepage)

1A2.2.Ifnotitleisonorwiththematerial,supplytheinformationaccordingtotheprovisionsof1E.

[Eleanor and Frederick Pray, seated in the veranda room, Dom

Smith, Vladivostok, Russia]

(Comment:Handwrittenphrasemorningroomonphotoalbumpagewasaddedlaterinballpointpenandisnottreatedasatitle,butcouldbequotedinanote)

1A2.3.Ifnostatementofresponsibilityisonorwiththematerial,omitthestatementofresponsibilityelement.Ifpossible,provideinformationaboutthecreatorinanote(see1F2).

1A2.4.Omissionofnumbers,statementsofpatronage,etc.Omit,withoutusingthemarkofomission,informationthatconstitutesneithertitleinformationnorastatementofresponsibility.Suchinformationmayincludenumbers,statementsofpatronage,piousinvocations,quotations,devices,decorativeflourishes,epigrams,mottoes,prices,etc.(see0G5.2).Transcribeordescribethiskindofinformationinanoteifitisconsideredimportant.However,ifsuchinformationisagrammaticallyinseparablepart(see1B1.1)ofoneoftheelementsofthetitleandstatementofresponsibilityarea,transcribeitassuch.Ifsuchinformationconstitutestheonlytitlelikeinformationpresentinthesource,itmaybeusedasatitleaccordingtotheprovisionsof1B5.1.Optionally,transcribededicationsasOthertitleinformation(see1D4).

An Apiary on the foothills of San Gabriel

(Comment:Textbelowimageincludesthephotographersnumber,andreads

No.163.AnApiaryonthefoothillsofSanGabriel)

Francisque Arban, aronaute francais

Optional note:Includes Italian poem by Vincenzo Monti, below

title

(Comment:Fourlinesoftextimmediatelybelowtheportraitstitleareapoemthatisomittedfromthetitlebutcanbementionedinanote)


41/205



To the right hon'ble Lord Bangor, this plate representing a

complete perspective view of all the machinery of a bleach

mill, upon the newest and most approved constructions,

consisting of the wash mill, rubbing boards moved by a crank,

and beetling engine for glazing the cloth, with a view of the

boiling house; is most respectfully inscribed by ... Wm. Hincks

(Comment:

The

dedication

inscription

surrounds

the

title

and

is

inseparable)

Scene on the Delaware River at Philada. during the severe winter

of 1856

Optional note: At head of title: Souvenir of the coldest winter

on record

(Comment:Textaboveimageisomittedfromthetitleandquotedinanotebecausecatalogerjudgeditcharacterizesthereasonformakingtheprint)

1A3.Formandorderofinformation

Transcribetitleandstatementofresponsibilityinformationintheformandorder

inwhichitispresentedinthesource,unlessinstructedotherwisebyspecificrules(see0G).

1B.Transcribedtitleproper

1B1.Wordsconsideredpartofthetitleproper

1B1.1.Thetitleproperisthefirstelementofthedescriptionandistheprimarynameofthematerial.Whentranscribingthetitleproper,includealltextinseparablefromthewordsofthetitle,i.e.,allwordsthatclearlyreadtogether

withoutabreak,orthatarevisuallyorgrammaticallyinseparable.Ifnotitleisonorwiththematerial,provideaccordingtotheprovisionsof1E.

Helen Keller

(Comment:Nametypedona20thcenturyportraitphotographprovidesatitle)

Voyage a la lune

(Comment:Textprintedona19thcenturycartoonprovidesatitle)

Reserve boxes, open-air circus, Luna Park, Coney Island, N.Y.

City

(Comment:Wordsprintedonastereographmountreadtogetherasatitle)

Cucumis sativus vulgaris, cucumern

(Comment:Textbesidea16thcenturybotanicalbookillustrationprovidesatitle)

Portrait of an Irish chief, drawn from life at Wexford

(Comment:sizeandlocationofletteringonmaterialindicatethatdrawnfromlifeatWexfordispartofasatirictitleandnotastatementofresponsibility)


42/205


Philip Bosco as physicist Niels Bohr in "Copenhagen" and Claudia

Shear as Mae West in "Dirty Blonde"

(Comment:Handletteredlineoftextona21stcenturydrawingprovidesatitle)

Vues de Paris et ses environs en photographies

(Comment:Titleoncoverofa19thcenturyphotoalbum)

Ifthetitleisprecededorfollowedinthesourcebyotherelementsofinformation,transposetheseelementstotheirappropriateareasinthedescription(orgivetheminanote)unlesscaseendingswouldbeaffected,thegrammaticalconstructionoftheinformationwouldbedisturbed,orthetextisotherwisegrammaticallyinseparablefromthetitleproper.Inthelattercases,transcribetheinformationaspartofthetitleproper.

Prang's American valentine and birthday cards

(Comment:Thepublishersnameisanintegralpartofthetitleproper)

Ifconsideredimportant,makeanotetoindicatetheoriginalpositionoftransposedelements.

1B1.2.Ifadateappearsinthesourceinsuchawayastoconstitutepartofthetitle,transcribeitassuch(aspartofthetitleproperorothertitleinformation,whicheverisappropriate).Seealso4D1.4.

Near Sale's house, 23 Oct. 1880, Otago Harbour

The Stewart Island trip, on board the Wakatipiu, Christmas Day,

1895

1B1.3.Ifonlyaseriestitleisonanitem,provideatitleaccordingtotheprovisionsof1E.

[UseHarlotsprogressasexample:plate1hasAHarlotsProgressPlate1inlowerleft,belowimage;subsequentplatesjusthavePlate2,Plate3,etc.].

1B2.Noteonthesourceofthetitleproper

Alwaysmakeanoteonthesourceofthetitleproper.

Doctor Syntax, in the middle of a smoaking hot political

squabble, wishes to whet his whistle

Note:Title from lower margin

E.H. Sothern as Malvolio

Note:Title from ink note on back of mount


43/205



1B3.Formsofthetitleproper

Thetitlepropercantakeavarietyofforms,someofwhichareexemplifiedbelow.

1B3.1.Titleproperinclusiveofothertitlesorothertitleinformationappearing

beforethechieftitle:

Bill Graham presents in San Francisco Grateful Dead, Junior Wells

Chicago Blues Band, and the Doors

(Comment:GratefulDead,JuniorWellsChicagoBluesBand,andtheDoorsisthechieftitle)

1B3.2.Titleproperinclusiveofalternativetitles:

Weighed & found wanting, or, The effects of a summer's ramble

1B3.3.Titleproperconsistingsolelyofthenameofaresponsiblepersonorbody:

Murray Riss

(Comment:Thephotographersnameistheprintedtitleforhispublishedportfolio)

1B3.4.Multipleversionsofatitleareonorwiththematerial.Thechoiceofthetitleproperdependsoncatalogerjudgment.Typicalsituationsinvolvenewsphotographswithcutlinesandslugsinadditiontolongercaptions.Photographscanhavemultipletitlesfromusageindifferentpublications.Multipletitlesmay

alsobe

available

when

photographic

negatives

and

their

corresponding

prints

arecatalogedasamultipartresource.

Tweed suits the smartest for daily spring wear

(Comment:Thecatalogeroptedtousethecutlineprintedabovethelongcaptionasthetitleproper;theslugattheendofthecaption,WashingtonFashions,April22,1929couldbeusedinanote.ThelongcaptionthatbeginsMrs.Wm.B.Bankhead,wifeofRepresentativeBankheadofAla.whomakesherhomeattheCarltoncanbeexcerptedinasummarynote)

Destitute pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children.

Age thirty-two. Nipomo, California

Note:Title on print: "Destitute pea pickers in California. A 32year old mother of seven children"

(Comment:Thecaptionforthenegativeandthatoftheprintcatalogedasamultipartresourcearesimilarbutnotidenticalfortranscription.Thecatalogeroptedtousethenegativescaptionasthetitleproperandquotetheprinttitleinanote)


44/205


Franciscus Valesius, D.G. Dux Alenson et Brabant, Comes

Flandriae, Protect. Belgicae

Note:"Francis of Valois, Duke of Aniou, of Brabant, &c., Earle

of Flanders, &c., Protector of the Belgicke libertie"--

letterpress title above engraved plate

(Comment:catalogeroptedtousetitleengravedwithinplateastitleproper

becauseitwasfeltimportanttocollocatemultipleimpressionsoftheplate)

1B4.Titleelementsscatteredbylayoutortypography

Ifpartsofthetitlearescatteredovertheitem,composethetitleproperbasedonthoseelementsdistinguishedbyposition,typography,orsizeoflettering.

Our choice, Grover Cleveland, A.G. Thurman. Democratic nominees,

for president, for vice president

Note:Title assembled from words scattered on four banners, above

and below the image

Ifthetitleinformationisarrangeddecoratively,orotherelementsofthedescription(e.g.,creatororpublisher)areinterspersedwiththetitleinformation,deducethelogicalsequenceandthenrecordthetitleinitssemanticorder.

Ex libris George Wharton Edwards

(Comment:Theopeningwordsofthebookplate,Dramaticartsdescribethesymbolismandarequotedinanote.Thetitlewordsareassembledfromtwobannersandalineoftextbelowthestatementofresponsibility)

1B5.Titlefrombeginningwordsoftext

1B5.1.Ifnotitlecanbefound,andthematerialhasnonincidentaltext,usethebeginningwordsofthetextasthetitleproper.

H.R. Robinson, 52 Courtland St., Caricatures and prints

(Comment:ResourcebeingcatalogedisRobinsonsillustratedadvertisement)

Free speech, free soil, free men. This is to certify that [blank]

is a member of the [blank] Wide-awake Club

(Comment:Materialhasblankspacestobefilledinlater.See0G6.4)

1B5.2.Ifatranscribedtitledoesnotaccuratelyoradequatelydescribethenature

and

content

of

the

item,

supply

additional

information

in

the

note

area.

Provide

additionaltitleaccessthroughadevisedorsuppliedtitleifconsideredimportant(seeAppendixF).

Lower West Side, Buffalo, N.Y., 1972-77


45/205



Summary note:Photographs show the poor and ethnically diverse

communities of Buffalo's Lower West Side, representing the

first of four visits Rogovin made to this area over a thirty-

year period (from 1972-2002)

Note:Title from photographer's notes

(Comment:Thetitleidentifiesaplace,andthesummarynoteexplainsthatpeople

ratherthanbuildingsarethefocus)Bailey's fine candies, 45 West Street, Boston

Note:Trade card shows a smiling boy sledding down a snowy hill

to promote the sale of Bailey's candy

1B6.Collectiveorgrouptitleformultipartresources

Ifaclearlyidentifiableandconsistentlyusedcomprehensivetitleisprovidedforsomeoralloftheitemsinamultipartresource,transcribethisasthetitleproper.Ifconsideredimportant,transcribethetitleproperoftheindividualitems

themselves

in

a

contents

note

(see

7B15).

If

creating

separate

records

for

individualitems,applytheappropriaterule(1B11orarea6,see[precatalogingdecisions]).

The illustration of the Siberian War

(Comment:Thistitleisprintedoneachpictureinthegroup,inadditiontoanindividualtitleforeachprint)

Photographic views of Kern County, California

(Comment:Titleforasetof460photographsbyCarletonWatkins)

Beebe Windmill, Hildreath Lane & Ocean Avenue (moved several

times), Bridgehampton, Suffolk County, NY(Comment:Thecreatorofasetofarchitecturaldrawingsandphotographsprovidedthistitleandsimilarinformationiswrittenonthedrawingsandinaphotocaptionlist)

Ifatitlegivenonsomeoralloftheitemsinamultipartresourceisnotconsistentlyusedfromitemtoitemandnoneisgivenpreferenceinreferencesources,choosethetitlethatidentifiestheresourcemostadequatelyandsuccinctly.Donotenclosethetitleinsquarebrackets.Provideadditionaltitleaccessifconsideredimportant(seeAppendixF).

1B7.Abridgments

of

the

title

proper

1B7.1.Generalrule.Abridgealongtitleproperonlyifitcanbedonewithoutlossofessentialinformation.Donotomitanyofthefirstfivewords.Indicateomissionsbythemarkofomission.Ifpossible,however,trytoretaintheentiretitleevenifitisverylong.


46/205


Canadiens-Francais! Le Prussien est encore sur le sol de France

... Enrolez-vous dans le 189e Bataillon, F.E.C.

Frank Schubert polishes the station's lens once a week. The

flashing red signal, which operates from a half hour before

sunset until a half hour before sunrise, is a reference point

for all traffic using the harbor

1B7.2.Alternativetitle.Ifthetitlepropercontainsanalternativetitle,donotomitanyofthefirstfivewordsofthealternativetitle.

How to gammon the deep ones, or, The way to overturn a coach ...

1B7.3.Chieftitle.Extendthetranscriptionofthetitleproperatleastthroughtheendofthechieftitleoftheresource.Applythisprovisionevenifotherwordsinthetitleproperprecedethechieftitle(see1B1.1,1B3.1).Iftheendofthechieftitlecannotbedetermined,breakoffthetranscriptionatthefirstgrammatically

acceptableplace,butinnoeventwithinthefirstfivewordsofthechieftitle.This view of La Valletta, taken from the Gargur Battery during

the siege in 1800 is most humbly inscribed by permission to

Brigadier General Thomas Graham then commanding the allied

forces in Malta ...

(Comment:ThechieftitlebeginsViewofLaVallettabutitsendingisambiguous)

1B8.Titleproperwithnameofpartorsectionofawork

Ifthetitleproperforaworkthatisapartorasectionofanotherworkappearsin

twoormoregrammaticallyseparableparts,transcribethetitleofthemainworkfirst,followedbythenameofthepartorsection(s)inorderofdependence.Ifthearrangementindicatedrequiresexplanation,makeanotetoindicatetheactualreadingofthetitles.

Betty Boop. "Yes, sir, everything's ho-kee-doke, Betty's voice is

normal again!"

(Comment:Acomicstripnameandthewordsfromthefirstballoonarearrangedinorderofdependence)

Ishpiming, residence of Mr. Wm. S. Corby. Elevation facing north

(Comment:OneofanumberofarchitecturaldrawingsforIshpiming)

Catalogue gnral officiel. Tome second. Groupe II, Oeuvres

dart, classes 7 10


47/205



1C.Paralleltitles

1C1.Orderandsourceofparalleltitles

Transcribeparalleltitlesintheorderindicatedbytheirsequenceorlayout.

1C2.Languageofparalleltitlesandrelationshiptotitleproper

1C2.1.Transcribeanoriginaltitleinalanguagedifferentfromthatofthetitleproperappearingonorwiththematerialasaparalleltitle,unlessitisgrammaticallyinseparablefromanotherpartofthedescription.Iftheorderorlayoutappearstobeentirelyrandom,recordtheparalleltitlesinsequencereadingfromtoptobottomandfromlefttoright,whereappropriate.

George Washington Eqer, gnral en chef de l'arme englo

ameriquaine, nomm dictateur par le Congres en fvrier 1777 =

George Washington Eqer, general and commander en chief of thecontinental army in America

Jagd auf Grizzly Bren [graphic] = Chasse au grizzly bear =

Hunting of the grizzly bear

(Comment:Titleproper,GMD,andtwoparalleltitlesforasingleitem)

1C2.2.Transcribeasothertitleinformationanoriginaltitleinthesamelanguageasthetitleproper(see1D).

The sensational feature, The streets of New York, in 3 parts

[graphic] : from the well known play by Dion Boucicault "Me for

New York now."

1D.Othertitleinformation

1D1.Orderandsourceofothertitleinformation

Transcribeothertitleinformationintheorderindicatedbythesequenceorlayoutofthewords.Othertitleinformationisvisuallyorgrammaticallyseparablefromthetitleproperandisofteninsmallerlettersoronaseparatelinefromthetitleproper.Donotdeviseothertitleinformation.

1D2.Wordsconsideredpartofothertitleinformation

1D2.1.Generalrule.Transcribetitleinformationthatissupplementaltothetitleproperasothertitleinformation,evenifitbeginswithapreposition,conjunction,prepositionalphrase,etc.


48/205


Good cards make card games enjoyable, Congress Playing Cards :

crisp, flexible, luster finish, new designs

(Comment:Apostertitlehastextinamuchsmallersizethatcanberepresentedasothertitleinformation)

Brilliant Luna Park at night : Coney Island, New York's great

pleasure resort(Comment:Thestereographtitlehasalongdashbetweenthetwo,separablepartsofthetitle)

Boston national bloomer girl's base ball club : L.J. Galbreath,

originator and owner

(Comment:AlthoughL.J.Galbreathisinuppercase,likethetitleproper,itfollowsaperiodandclearlyreadswiththerestoftheothertitleinformation)

Ancient ruins in the Caon de Chelle, N.M. : in a niche 50 feet

above present caonbed

(Comment:Alineoftextprintedbelowthetitleproperinsmalllettersistreated

as

other

title

information)

1D2.2.Ifthisothertitleinformationappearsfollowingthestatementofresponsibility,transcribeitasasubsequentstatementofresponsibility(see1F5).

1D2.3.Ifthisothertitleinformation,orsomeportionofit,constitutesaformalstatementofthecontentsofthework,andisgrammaticallyseparablefromthetitleproperandothertitleinformation,transcribeitinanote,ifconsideredimportant(see7B15.2).Whentheseformalstatementsareomittedfromthetitleandstatementofresponsibilityarea,usethemarkofomission.

Malerische Ansichten der Roemischen Baudenkmaeler zu Pola inIstrien ...

Optional note:Contents: (from portfolio) I. Das Amphitheater und

die Stadt Pola. - II. Der Augustustempel - III. Das goldene

Thor - IV. Das Zwillingsthor - V. Blick in das Innere des

Amphitheaters - VI. Aussicht aus dem Innern des Amphitheaters

1D2.4.Distinguishtheabovesituationsfromthoseinwhichtitlesofotherworksaregivenequalprominencewiththefirstnamedwork(see1F1).Asharedtitlepropermayprecedethemultipleothertitles.

The Rebel foray in Pennsylvania : General view of Chambersburg ;

The Rebels exchanging their rags for overcoats at Chambersburg,Pa. ; Burning the engine house and machine shops at

Chambersburg, Pa.

(Comment:Threeengravingsfillthesamepageofanillustratednewspaper;eachworkhasanequallyprominenttitle,andacollectivetitleprecedesthefirstworksindividualtitle)


49/205



1D3.Statementsaboutvolumes,etc.

Treatastatementsuchasintwovolumesasothertitleinformation,unlessthestatementisgrammaticallyinseparablefrominformationtranscribedaspartofanotherelementorarea(see1F13).Ifthestatementappearsfollowingthe

statementofresponsibility,transcribeitasasubsequentstatementofresponsibility.

Examples of Gothic architecture, selected from various ancient

edifices in England : consisting of plans, elevations,

sections, and parts at large, calculated to exemplify the

various styles, and the practical construction of this admired

class of architecture : accompanied by historical and

descriptive accounts

[B] General index to fifty-six volumes of the Gentleman's

magazine : from its commencement in the year 1731 to the end of

1786 / compiled by Samuel Ayscough, clerk, assistant librarianof the British Museum ; in two volumes

1D4.Dedications

Optionally,treatadedicationasothertitleinformation,unlessthededicationisgrammaticallyinseparablefrominformationtranscribedaspartofanotherelementorarea.Ifthededicationappearsfoll

drescriptive cataloging of rare materials graphics draft v.6.0

Documents