e-learning: no standards; no coalitions - no boom ed walker 7 december 2000
TRANSCRIPT
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e-Learning: No Standards; No Coalitions - No Boom
Ed Walker
7 December 2000
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18 Oct 00 2
e-Learning Technology is Promising but Delivery is
Complex
• Multi-media content
• Internet connectivity
• Local delivery
• Individualized capabilities
• Multiple metrics of value
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18 Oct 00 3
Everything is Connected …Everything is Changing …
Together
Function
Technology
Content
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18 Oct 00 4
Delivery Depends on Interoperability
StandardsEmerge
0 Demonstration Adoption
Pioneers
Everyone
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18 Oct 00 5
Standards Eventually Will Enable More …
• Open Access/Distribution of Content, Interoperable Components, and Tools
• Spontaneous, Dynamic Webs of Suppliers and Users
• Extensive Exploitation/Evolution of Technology
• Economies of scale
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18 Oct 00 6
Standard Benefits
• Better Infrastructure
• Bigger Learning Markets
• Higher Quality Education and Training
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18 Oct 00 7
Executive Summary of SOA
• Agreed (more or less)– Collective will and resources to cooperate exist
– Cooperation depends on practical division of effort and coordination of activities
• Who can/will do what when? (and with whom?)– IMS
– IEEE
– ADL Co-Lab
– ? AICC, Dublin Core, W3C, OpenGIS, …
– ? CNI
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Standards Will Evolve in Phases
OfficialSanction
PracticalConsensus
Invent Uses/Products/Services
MaintainTechnologies/Solutions/Processes
Define Specs
Accredit Standards
Revise
Test/Eva
luate
LabsTestbedsMarkets
StandardsBodies
Consortia
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18 Oct 00 9
Specifications are not Standards
Specifications
• Capture rough consensus
• Evolve rapidly
• Are enabling
• Manage short term risks
• Are experimental
Standards
• Capture general acceptance
• Evolve slowly
• Are regulatory
• Manage long term risks
• Are conclusive
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18 Oct 00 10
Specifications Provide …
• Shared vocabulary and constructs
• Knowledge capture
• Targets for R & D agendas
• Context for evaluation
• Program objectives, product definition, and dissemination plans
• Community learning
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18 Oct 00 11
Cooperation Requires Coordinated Activities
• Gathering and consolidating functional and deployment requirements from users, vendors, purchasers, and managers of learning resources
• Promoting open conversation about definition, implementation and adoption
• Conducting producer and adopter trials and experiments to evaluate effectiveness and usability
• Executing disciplined, open cycles of specification, test, and revision
• Sustaining cooperation to integrate and consolidate results, encourage adoption, and manage compliance
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18 Oct 00 12
What Does IMS Do?
1. Develop and manage specifications
2. Deliver them to early implementers and users
3. Collaborate to promote their evaluation and accrediting
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18 Oct 00 13
How IMS Operates
• Directed by member representatives
• Focused on specific technical problems
• Uses a standard development process
• Schedules releases
• Cooperates to scope and deliver specs to developers, evaluators, and users
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Directed by Members
Test-beds
Domain SpecificConsortia
Standards Bodies
Distributed Learning Organizations Commercial Developers
Researchers
ContentProviders
GovernmentAgencies
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Interface Specs Free Resources to Evolve
EnterpriseSystems
Multimedia Content
PackagingData Sharing
Meta-data
Harmonization, Consistency
UseEnviron-
mentsManagement
Assessment
Evaluation
Learner/GroupInformation
Information Exchange
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IMS Members
Review Board
IMS Development Process
IMS Developers,Adopters
User Needs, Technical Means, Practical Constraints
Products, Services, Practices
Tests and Trials
Working Group
Specification Development:
Scope
Base
Public Draft
Final Release
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18 Oct 00 17
Releases
• Meta-data v1.0 (8/99)• Enterprise v1.0 (10/99)• Content Packaging v1.0 (5/00)• Question and Test Interoperability v1.0 (5/00)• Metadata v1.1 (5/00)• Learner Information Public Draft (11/00)• Content Management Base (11/00)• Competency Scope (11/00)• Question and Test Update Scope (11/00)• Content Packaging Update Public Draft (12/00?)• Instructional Design (TBD)• Accessibility (TBD)
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18 Oct 00 18
Collaboration Activities
• IEEE LOM
• DoD SCORM
• JISC Evaluation projects
• UK Further Education MLE Program
• Commercial offers: Microsoft, Blackboard, MindLever, Eduprise, SmartForce, NETg, …
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18 Oct 00 19
Delivery Activities
• Regional Bodies and Centres
• Tutorial Workshops
• Application Consulting
• DoEd LAAP: Indiana University project
• NCAM/IMS Accessibility project
• Content Repository Prototype
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18 Oct 00 20
How Can IMS Cooperate with CNI?
• Connectivity
– Web forums
– Presentations, Up-date sessions
– Publications
– Tutorial workshops
– Trials, projects
– On-line Learning(!)
• Communication
– Design consensus
– Division of labor
– Pooled resources
– Joint trials, projects
– Migration plan
– Metrics/Compliance
– Critical mass
– Web culture
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Stop
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18 Oct 00 22
But: Standards Are Evolving
Conceptualization
Specification
Adoption
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18 Oct 00 23
Benefit 1: Better Infrastructure
• Efficient access and exchange of content, networked resources, and learning services.
• Readily integrated content, services, and delivery mechanisms and procedures.
• Reduced overhead for assembly, maintenance, and operation overhead for system components, data resources, and business processes.
• Extended life time for investments in organization, resources and business processes.
• Easier re-purposing and re-use of content and programs for new applications.
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18 Oct 00 24
Benefit 2: Expanded Learning Markets
• Internet Content Distribution
• Interoperable Learning Plug-Ins
• Just In Time Access and Delivery
• Anywhere, Anytime Interaction
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18 Oct 00 25
Benefit 3: Innovation
• Personalized learning episodes
• Flexible pedagogical scenarios
• New contexts for learning
• Dynamic content, configurable services
• Novel use and payment policies