early exploration and colonization. objective #1 analyze the changing world situation and its impact...
TRANSCRIPT
Objective #1
• Analyze the changing world situation and its impact on the colonization effort in America.
Objective #3
• Explain the changes and conflicts that occurred when the diverse worlds of Europe, Africa, and the Americans collided after 1492.
What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion?
• Gold– Look in Africa– Money for industrial advancement– Renaissance: Science and technology– The royal coffers/wealth– 15th c.: European mines running low– Eastward trade routes blocked by Ottoman
Turks
What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion?
• Glory– Fierce competition to add to empire– Nationalism– Renaissance inspired many people to
explore and seek individual glory
What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion?
• Spices– Food preservation– Luxuries (sugar)– Bathing?– Columbus looked for
western trade route to Asia
• Muslim middlemen would charge tolls
• Long, dangerous routes
What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion?
• Christianity– Catholic Spain and
Portugal– Christianize the
Asians
Portugal Took Early Lead
• Superior technology– Examples: caravel, compass, schools
• Prince Henry the Navigator
Portugal and Africa
• Trade in gold, ivory and slaves– 40,000 slaves taken from Africa before
discovery of America• Millions more after discovery of America• Will be established as a source of “cheap labor”
– Work Portuguese sugar plantations
• Modern plantation system
Christopher Columbus
• Convinced he could reach Indies by sailing West.
• Landed in the Bahamas in 1492.
• Brought cinnamon, gold, coconuts, slaves back to Spain
Native Americans
• 1492: 50 million people inhabited North and South America
• Very diverse– Incas– Mayans– Aztecs
• Agricultural advancements• Complex irrigation systems• Some alliances (more so in the South)