education and employment of biological and medical scientists
DESCRIPTION
Education and Employment of Biological and Medical Scientists. Data from National Surveys. Howard H. Garrison Kimberly McGuire FASEB Office of Public Affairs. Contents (1 of 6). Graduate School Application Graduate School Applications in Biological and Health Sciences - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Education and Education and Employment Employment
of Biological and of Biological and Medical ScientistsMedical Scientists
Data from National SurveysData from National Surveys
Howard H. GarrisonKimberly McGuire
FASEB Office of Public Affairs
Graduate School Application Graduate School Applications in Biological and Health
Sciences Graduate Records Examination (GRE) Scores
Mean Quantitative Scores of US Citizens and Permanent Residents Intending to Enroll in Biological and Health Sciences
Graduate School Enrollment First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate
Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
Contents (1 of 6)
Graduate School Enrollment (continued) Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in
Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in
Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Sex
Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Mechanism of Support
NIH Trainees and Fellows Pre-Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Positions on NIH Training
Grants and Fellowships
Contents (2 of 6)
NIH Trainees and Fellows (continued) Fellowship (F32) Applications Reviewed and Awarded NIH Spending on Training Grants and Fellowships
Doctorate Awards Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical
Sciences by Citizenship/Visa Status Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical
Sciences by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Sex
Academic Postdoctoral Appointments Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Citizenship/
Visa Status
Contents (3 of 6)
Academic Postdoctoral Appointments (continued) Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree and
Citizenship/ Visa Status Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Sex and
Citizenship/ Visa Status Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Source of
Support Postdoctoral Appointments for Individuals with PhDs
from US Institutions Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 1-2 Years Post-
PhD Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-
PhD
Contents (4 of 6)
Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipientsfrom US Universities Stay Rates for Temporary Residents with Life Science
Doctorates Employment Status of Individuals with PhDs from US
Institutions Employment of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of
Employment Distribution of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of
Employment Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status Distribution of Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by
Tenure Status Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure
or Tenure-Track Positions, Total
Contents (5 of 6)
Employment Status of Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions (continued) Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure
or Tenure-Track Positions 5-6 Years Post-PhD Medical School Faculty Appointments
Medical School Faculty Members by Degree and Department Type
Total and New Faculty 1970 to 2006 in U.S. Medical Schools NIH Grant Applications and Awards
Average Age of First Time R01 Equivalent Investigators Number of Competing Awards (Including First R01)
Contents (6 of 6)
Graduate School Application
Title of SlideGraduate School Applications in Biological and Health Sciences
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Nu
mb
er Health Sciences
Biological Sciences
Source: http://www.cgsnet.org/
Graduate Records
Examination (GRE) Scores
Title of SlideMean Quantitative Scores of US Citizens andPermanent Residents Intending to Enroll in
Biological and Health Sciences
587 588 590 597
509 503 507521
583 589612 606
512 519 529 529
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
Academic Year Ending
Sc
ore
Biological Sciences 1989-1998 Series
Health/ Medical Sciences 1989-1998 Series
Biological Sciences 1996-2006 Series
Health/ Medical Sciences 1996-2006 Series
Source: http://www.ets.org
Graduate School Enrollment
Title of Slide
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/Visa Status
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Nu
mb
er
Temporary Residents
US Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide
First Time, Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity
(US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Nu
mb
er
Other
American Indian or Alaskan Native
Hispanic/ Latino
Black/ African American (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Asian or Pacific Islander
White (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Citizenship/ Visa Status
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Nu
mb
er
Temporary Residents
US Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Ethnicity(US Citizens and Permanent Residents Only)
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Nu
mb
er
Other US Citizens and Permanent Residents
American Indian or Alaskan Native
Hispanic/ Latino
Black/African American (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Asian or Pacific Islander
White (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Total Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Sex
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
Male
Female
23 Text Text Text Text
Full Time Biological and Medical Sciences Graduate Students in Doctorate Granting Departments by Mechanism of Support
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
Other (including self)
Teaching Assistantships
Research Assistantships
Traineeships
Fellowships
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
NIH Trainees and Fellows
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Pre-Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Positions on NIH Training Grants and Fellowships
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
Nu
mb
er Post Docs
Pre Docs
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Fellowship (F32) Applications Reviewed and Awarded
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
19901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
Nu
mb
er
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Applications Awards Success Rate
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm
Source: http://officeofbudget.od.nih.gov/UI/HistoricalBudgetRequests.htm
NIH Spending on Training Grants and Fellowships
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
Per
cen
t
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Th
ou
sa
nd
s o
f Do
llars
Percent of total NIH budget
Dollars
Doctorate Awards
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Citizenship/ Visa Status
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
19661968197019721974197619781980198219841986198819901992199419961998200020022004
Nu
mb
er
Unknown
Temporary Residents
U.S. Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/
17 B Text Text Text Text
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Ethnicity (US Citizens and Permanant Residents Only)
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1975197719791981198319851987198919911993199519971999200120032005
Nu
mb
er
Other US Citizens and Permanent Residents
American Indian or Alaskan Native
Hispanic/ Latino
Black/ African-American (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Asian or Pacific Islander
White (non-Hispanic/ Latino)
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/doctorates/
Doctorate Degrees Awarded in the Biological and Medical Sciences by Sex
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
19661968197019721974197619781980198219841986198819901992199419961998200020022004
Nu
mb
er
Male
Female
Academic Postdoctoral
Appointments
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Citizenship/ Visa Status
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
Temporary Residents
US Citizens and Permanent Residents
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Degree and Citizenship/ Visa Status
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
US Postdocs with PhD
US Postdocs with MD
Foreign Postdocs with MD
Foreign Postdocs with PhD
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Sex and Citizenship/ Visa Status
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
Foreign Postdocs, Female
US Postdocs, Female
Foreign Postdocs, Male
US Postdocs, Male
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Biological and Medical Sciences Postdocs by Source of Support
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
FellowshipsTraineeships
Research Grants
Non-Federal
Source: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/gradpostdoc/
Postdoctoral Appointments for Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions
Text Text Text Text
Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 1-2 Years Post-PhD
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
Text Text Text Text
Percent of US Biomedical PhDs with Postdoc 3-4 Years Post-PhD
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Per
cen
tag
e
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
Stay Rates of Foreign
Doctorate Recipientsfrom US
Universities
Title of Slide Text Text Text Text
Stay Rates for Temporary Residents with Life Sciences Doctorates
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Number of Years After Receipt of Doctorate
Pe
rce
nta
ge
in U
S
1987 PhDs
1989 PhDs
1984 PhDs
1998 PhDs
Source: http://orise.orau.gov/sep/pubs.htm
Employment Status of
Individuals with PhDs from US Institutions
1 Text Text Text Text
Employment of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of Employment
-
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Nu
mb
er
Em
plo
ye
d
Other
Government
Industry
Academia
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
Distribution of Biomedical Science PhDs by Sector of Employment
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Other
Government
Industry
Academia
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
6
Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Nu
mb
er
Tenured
Tenure Track
Other Academic Position
Academic Postdoc
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
(7) Uncouple 6 + 7
Distribution of Academically Employed Biomedical PhDs by Tenure Status
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Tenured
Tenure Track
Other Academic Position
Academic Postdoc
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
3
Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Tenure-Track Positions, Total
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
3
Percentage of U.S. Biomedical Science PhDs Holding Tenure or Tenure-Track Positions 5-6 Years Post-PhD
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
1981 1985 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Per
cen
tag
e
Source: http://sestat.nsf.gov/
Medical School Faculty
Appointments
Medical School Faculty Members by Degree and Department Type
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
Nu
mb
er
MD-PhD in Clinical Dept
PhD in Clinical Dept
MD in Clinical Dept
MD-PhD in Basic Sci Dept
PhD in Basic Sci Dept
MD in Basic Sci Dept
Source: http://www.aamc.org/data/facultyroster/reports.htm
Source: http://www.aamc.org
Total and New Faculty 1970 to 2006 in U.S. Medical Schools
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
1970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994199619982000200220042006
Nu
mb
er
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Pe
rce
nt N
ew
Fa
cu
lty
Total Ph.D. Faculty New Ph.D. Faculty New as a Percent of Total Ph.D. Faculty
NIH Grant Applications and
Awards
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm
Average Age of First Time R01 Equivalent Investigators
39.3
43.9
36.7
44.2
34.3
41.8
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
1970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994199619982000200220042006
Ave
rag
e ag
e
PhD Only
MD Only
MD-PhD
title
Source: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/award.htm
Number of Competing Awards (Including First R01)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007JointRes
2008est
Aw
ard
s
All Research Project Grants
First R01 Awards
R01 & R29
