efficacy of panchakola kashay on vata kaphaj jwara · 894 vol 7, issue 3, 2018. bhalerao et al....

www.wjpr.net Vol 7, Issue 3, 2018.

894

Bhalerao et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

EFFICACY OF PANCHAKOLA KASHAY ON VATA KAPHAJ JWARA

Dr. Asmita Bhalerao*1

and Dr. D. L. Shinde

2

1P.G. Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University

College and Hospital of Ayurveda, Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-43.

2Head of Department and Professor, M.D., Ph.D, Department of Kayachikitsa, Bharati

Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University College and Hospital of Ayurveda, Katraj-Dhankawadi,

Pune-43.

ABSTRACT

Aim: To study the efficacy of Panchakola Kashay on vatakaphaj

jwara. Objectives: 1) To study the anti-pyretic action of Panchkola

Kashay. 2) To Study the effect of Panchakola Kashay in reducing the

clinical symptoms of Vata Kaphaj Jwara. Method: Open clinical trial.

30 patients were selected for the study and Panchakola Kashay was

given 40 ml twice a day. Duration of treatment: 7 days IPD

management. This study was carried out in Bharati medical

foundation’s Ayurved Hospital in Year 2016 and 2017. Result: In the

clinical trial of Panchakola Kashay on Vata kahaj Jwara, it is observed

that the drug is effective in the management of Vata Kaphaj Jwara.

Panchakola Kahay is effective on symptoms of Vata kaphaja Jwara

which are Parwanambhed (Pain in the small joints), Gauravam

(Feeling of heaviness), Shirograha (Headache), Pratishyaya (Coryza),

Kasa (Cough), & Santap (Temperature). In all symptoms the P-Value is less than 0.05.

Statistical analysis: According to the statistical analysis the drug is effective in the

management of Vata Kaphaja Jwara. Conclusion: The evaluation of drug is effective in the

management of Vata kaphaja Jwara. The Jwara vyadhi has been studied from different

Samhitas in detail. Detail study of Panchakola Kashay was carried out. The drug had not

shown any side effects and was well tolerated.

KEYWORDS: Vata Kaphaj jwara, Panchakola kashaya.

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 7.523

Volume 7, Issue 3, 894-907. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105

Article Received on

13 Dec. 2017,

Revised on 03 Jan. 2018,

Accepted on 23 Jan. 2018

DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20183-10866

*Corresponding Author

Dr. Asmita Bhalerao

P.G. Scholar, Department of

Kayachikitsa, Bharati

Vidyapeeth Deemed to be

University College and

Hospital of Ayurveda,

Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-

43.


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INTRODUCTION

Ayurved mainly revolves around the Swasthyarakshana (maintenance of health) and then

Vikarprashaman i.e. cure of disease. Ayurvad deals with all topics which include generating

of awareness regarding beneficial and harmful things to the ways for acquiring a happy and

healthy life.

Jwara (fever) is lord among all diseases because its power to afflict the body, senses and

mind. Jwara happens since the birth of an individual and at the time of their death. So it itself

describes its importance among the diseases. It is an individual disease and also found as

Lakshana (symptoms) in all diseases. Jwara occurs from both the Sharira (body) and Manas

Vikaras (mental disorders). Vata, Pitta, Kapha are three Sharir Doshas and Raja and Tama are

Manas doshas. All Dhatus are destroying in Jwara.

According to context, the main stages of Samprapti of jwara are vitiation of Agni. Which

produce Ama. In Vata Kaphaja Jwara since Vata and Kapha Doshas are vitiated, they

collectively contributes to the increase in Agnimandya (vitiationin the process of digestion)

and production of Ama i.e. indigested toxin is thrown out their places and carried by

Rasadhatu in the body and produces Jwara.

Staimitya (stiffness), Paravanambheda (pain in small joints), Nidra (excessive sleep), Gaurav

(heaviness in body), Pratishayay(corryza), shirashoola(headache), Kasa(cough),

Shwas(dysnea), Swedapravartana(no swating), Madhyavegi Jwara(mild temperature),

Malamutravibandha (constipation), these are the Lakshanas of Vata Kaphaj Jwara, which

reflects the vitiation of Vata and Kapha Dosha together.

In this study, chikitsa of Jwara in Vata Kaphaj Doshavstha was highlighted. Because of the

vitiation of Vata and Kapha Dosha both will aggressively lead to more Agnimandya. Treating

a disease with the involvement of these two doshas is difficult because, basically Chikitsa

(treatment) of Vata and Kapha doshas is exactly opposite. The motive behind the

management of Vata kapahaj jwara was to select aushadhis (medicines) which are Vata and

Kaphashamak and which will act as antipyretic and relieves the other symptoms of Vata

kapahaj jwara.

Panchakola Kashay which is mentioned in the Bhaishajya Ratnavali Jwara Chikitsa

Aadhyaya was selected for the study. Pippali, Pippalimoola Chavya, Chitrak, Nagar all these


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ingredients of Panchakola are mainly Agnivardhak (improves digestion),

Vatakapahashamaka etc. And according to the classical text Panchakola kashaya is Kasaghna

(cough reliever), shoolahar (pain reliever), Laghavkara (relives heaviness). Because of these

lakshanas Panchakola Kashay is supposed to be effective in the management of Vata Kaphaj

Jwara.

Lakshanas of Vata Kaphaj Jwara are similar with the concept of viral fever (Flu like fever).

Sneezing, nasal congestion, cough, headache, fever are the symptoms of viral fever.

Recurrent use of many antipyretic drugs, non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, anti biotic

drugs shows many side effects like weakness, anorexia etc.

Panchakola kashaya not only help in reducing the symptoms of Vatakapahaj jwara but also it

increases the Agni, bala(strenghth) and Varna(complexion) of the individual as it has

properties like Rasayana.

Till date the aspects of mode of action of Panchakola Kashay on Vatakaphaj Jwara is

unexplored, hence to evaluate the effiacacy of Panchakola kashaya in management of Vata

Kaphaj Jwara and its antipyretic action this topic was selected for research.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

AIM: To study the efficacy of Panchakola Kashay on Vatakaphaj jwara.

OBJECTIVES

1) To study the anti-pyretic action of Panchkolakashay.

2) To Study the effect of panchakolakashay in reducing the clinical symptoms of Vata kaphaj

jwara.

HYPOTHESIS

Panchakola Kashay is expected to be effective in the management of Vata Kaphaj Jwara.

NULL HYPOTHESIS

Panchakola Kashayis not effective in the management of Vata Kaphaj Jwara.


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MATERIALS AND METHODS

Materials: (Aushadhi Dravya)

For the management of Vata Kaphaj Jwara, Panchakola Kashaya was selected from the

classical reference of Bhaishajya Ratnavali Jwara Chikitsa.

Ingredients of Panchakola Kashay

Pippali, Pippalimoola, Chavya, Chitraka, Nagara.

Raw materials were purchased from Ayurvedic store Dhnakawadi, Pune.

All the materials were identified by the researcher and all the required authentication as per

Ayurvedic pharmacopeia were done by the experts in the botanical department of University

of Pune.

Kashay Kalpana (decoction) was prepared according to the Sharangdhar Samhita.

Standardization of prepared Panchakola Kashaya was done by Late Prin.P.V.Bhide

foundation’s lab Pune.

METHODOLOGY

PLACE OF WORK

The clinical study was conducted at IPD Kayachikitsa department of Bharati Medical

foundations’s Ayurved Hospital, Pune.

For clinical study special case proforma was prepared.

Written consent has been taken from the patients.

Clinical trial was conducted in single group.

Sample size –Prevalence rate was calculated by collecting data BVMF Ayurved hospital

OPD- IPD Kayachiktsa department (medicine department) was 1.3%.

Sample size was calculated using formulae,

n = z2 p (1 – p) / d

2 where, n = sample size. N = 24,

Hence approximately 30 patients were selected for the study

Type of study – Open clinical trial 30 patients receiving Panchakola Kashaya.


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Table - 1:

Panchakola (contents): Pippali, Pippalimoola, Chavya, Chitraka, Nagara.

Dravya Latin name Family Part used Quantity

Pipali Piper longum Linn. piperaceae fruits 1 part

Pippali moola Piper longum Linn. piperaceae roots 1 part

Chavya Piper chava Hunter. piperaceae roots 1 part

Chitrak Plumbago zeylanica Linn. plumbaginaceae roots 1 part

Nagar Zinziber officinale Linn. zinziberaceae rhizome 1 part

Table -2: Dravya Gunapanchaka (properties of drug).

Dravya Rasa Guna Virya Vipaka Karma

Pippali Katu Laghu, snigdha Ushna,

teekshna Madhura

Vatakaphahara,

deepan rasayana

Pippali moola Katu Laghu, snigdha Ushna,

teekshna Madhura

Vatakaphahara,

deepan, rasayana

Chavya Katu Laghu, ruksha Ushna Katu Vatakaphahar,

deepan, pachan

Chitraka Katu Ruksha, teekshna Ushna Katu Vatakaphahara,

deepana,pachana

Nagar Katu Guru, ruksha, teekshna Ushna Madhura Vatakaphahara,

deepan, pachana

PREPARATION OF PANCHAKOLA KASHAYA

For fresh decoction 20 grams (4 grams of each drug) Bharad (coarse powder) of

Panchakola was mixed thoroughly with 320 ml of water and was reduced to 40 ml on

slow flame.

Kashaya (decoction) was administered two times in a day for 7 days. This Kashay was

prepared at Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical Foundation’s Ayurved Hospital and nursing staff

was trained for the preparation of Kashaya and it was closely monitored.

Separate pouches of 20 grams of Panchakola Bharada Churna were prepared and kept in

air tight container and were labeled accordingly.

Drug Dose: 2 PAL (40 ml twice a day).

Route of administration: Oral.


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Table 3: Drug administration.

Type of study: Open clinical trial.

Sample size : 30 patients

Matra : 40 ml twice a day.

Route : Oral.

Kaala : Vyanodaan.

(After The lunch and the dinner).

Anupana : Sukhoshna Jala (Luke warm water). (40 ml.)

Follow Up : Daily for 7 days.

SELECTION OF PATIENTS

INCLUSION CRITERIA

1. Age Group: above 18 to 65 years.

2. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of Lakshanas of Vata Kaphaj Jwara as per

Ayurvedic classical text.

3. Range of temperature: 98.7º to 103º F.

4. Complaint of fever less than 7 days.

EXCUSION CRITERIA

1. Pregnancy.

WITHDRAWAL CRITERIA

Patients not obeying and not taking proper treatment.

Patients having modern medicine with present treatment which will hamper the present

treatment.

If fever >103º F then patients will be investigated and shifted to medicine like

Paracatamol, NSAID, antibiotics and conventional medicine as per need.

INVESTIGATION (PRE TRIAL)

1) Haemogram with ESR


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ASSESMENT CRITERIA

Table -4: Subjective Criteria.

Patients with symptoms of Vata Kaphaj Jwar as per given in the text.

Symptoms 0 1 2 3

Parvanabheda

(pain in small joints Absent

Routine activity

not disturbed

because of pain.

Routine activity

disturbed and pain

while walking

Condition is unbearable

and rest in necessary.

Gaurav

(heaviness in body) Absent

Occasional feeling

of heaviness

otherwise normal.

Feeling of heaviness

after small activities.

Do not want to do any

work.

Shirograha

( headache) Absent

Headache with

non disturbed

routine activities

Headache with

disturbed routine

activities

Headache with disturbed

routine activities and need

rest.

Pratishaya (corryza) Absent Mild running of

nose.

Running of nose and

watering of eyes.

Continue running of nose

and watering of eyes.

Kasa (cough) Absent Dry cough Mild expectoration

while coughing

Severe expectoration

And pain in throat and

chest while coughing

OBJECTIVE CRITERIA

Axillary body temperature by using thermometer 6 hourly.

Temperature Gradation :-

Normal = 0

Normal to 99oF = 1

99.1oF to 101

oF =2

101.1oF to 103

oF = 3

RESULT AND OBSERVATIONS

Table -5: Parvanambheda (pain in small joints).

Parvanam

Bheada

Median Wilcoxon Signed

Rank W P-Value % Effect Result

BT AT

2 0 5.058

a 0.000 80.6 Significant

Since observations are on ordinal scale, we have used Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to test the

efficacy. From above table we can observe that P-Value is less than 0.05 hence we conclude

that effect observed was significant.


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Table -6: Gaurav (heaviness of body).

Gaurav Median Wilcoxon

Signed Rank W P-Value % Effect Result

BT AT

2 0 4.912





Table -7: Shirograha (Headache).

Shirograha Median Wilcoxon Signed


BT AT

2 0 -4.972






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Table -8: Pratishyaya (Corryza).

Pratishaya Median Wilcoxon Signed


BT AT

2 0 -4.948





Table -9: KASA (cough).

Kasa Median Wilcoxon Signed


BT AT

2 0 -4.894






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Table - 10: SANTAPA (fever).

Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F P-Value

Factor 275.3 28 9.83

21.346 0.000 Error 386.9 840 0.46

TOTAL 662.2 868 0.76

Since observations are quantitative repeatedly measured at certain time intervals, we have

used repeated measures ANOVA to test the efficacy. From above table we can observe that

P-Value is less than 0.05 hence we conclude that effect observed is significant.

DISCUSSION

Paravanambheda

Accordingto wilcoxon signed test the result in Pravanam Bheda is statistically significant.

Parvan Bheda (pain in small joints) reduced due to Ushna Veerya (hot potency) and Vataghna

Karma of Panchakola kashaya and shulprashamaniya guna. (Analgesic property).


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Gauravam

According to wilcoxon signed rank test the result in Gauaram (heaviness) is statistically

significant.

Due to Katu (pungent taste), Ushna, Teeksha (piercing property) Guna and deepan(digestive

stimulant) pachana ( digestant) karma Ama Pachana takes place (helps in digestion) which

leads to Laghavatva (reducing heaviness) of Sharira and Guvarava subsides.

Shirograha

According to wilcoxon signed rank test the result in Shiroghraha is statistically significant.

Due to Ushna Veerya (hot potency) of Panchakola Shirastha vitiated Vata and Kapha

decreases and Shirograha (headache) subsides.

Pratishyaya

Accordingto wilcoxon signed rank test the result in Pratishyaya is statistically significant.

Pratishyaya is reduced due to Katu Rasa, Ushna Veerya and Kaphaghna Karma of Pippali

and Shunthi.

Kasa

Accordingto wilcoxon signed rank test the result in kasa is statistically significant.

Kasa reduced due to Kasaghna karma (cough reducing properties) of Pippali and Kaphaghna

properties of Shunthi.

Santap

Accordingto ANOVA test the result in santap is significant.

Due to Deepan, Pachan Karma Aampachan and Agnivriddhi (improves digestion) takes

place. Ushna guna of shunthi leads to swedapravartana (sweating), and santap subsides (fever

subsides).

Jwara mukti lakshanas were observed after treatment in all patients.

Before treatment there were 0 patient with normal temperature, 15 patients with mild

temperature 6 patients with moderate temperature, 9 patients with severe temperature-


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After treatment, it was observed that 28 patients with normal temperature 2 patients with mild

temperature 0 patients with moderate temperature 0 patients with severe temperature.

Maximum temperature observed in study was 103ºF.

PROBABLE MODE OF ACTION OF PANCHAKOLA KASHAYA

The properties of Panchakola Kashaya are Rasa – Katu, Vipak – Madhur, Virya – Ushna and

Teekshna.

Karma- Vata Kaphahara (helps in reducing vitiated vata and kapha), Deepan and Pachana.

Due to these properties Panchakola Kahsaya is Angivardhak, Amapachaka and

Swedapravrtak.

Due to vitiated agni and improper digestive power, there is accumulation of Ama in

Aamashaya which leads to Srotorodha, which accumulates heat (ushma) in body.

Ama Avastha is the first thing to be ruled out in the Chikitsa of Jwara. Due to the Pachana

Karma of Pachakola Kashay Ama Pachana takes place and Deepan Krama helps in the

Agnivardhan (increase in digestive power). Agnivardhan is the important phase in Jwara

Samprapti Bhanga.

Vatakphahar and Swedajanan properties of the drug lead Swedapravartana and helps in

reducing body temperature.

Lakshanas of vatakaphaj jwara like parvanambheda reduced due to shulaprashamaniya karma

of panchakola kashaya, gaurav reduced due the ushna guna, katu rasa of the aushadhi which

helped in amapachana and laghavatva of sharira takes place. Shiroghraha subsieded because

of the ushna virya of the aushadhi, shirastha vitiated vayu and kapha deceresees. Katu rasa

ushna virya and kaphagna karma of aushadhi pratishaya decresed. Kashagna property of

pippali helped in reducing Kasa. Santap reduced due to the deepan, pachan and

swedapravartna properties of the aushadhis.

Jwara mukti lakshanas were observed after treatment in all patients.


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Although, this clinical study was limited to a small number of patients; the result has shown

its anti pyretic effect distinctively. While carrying out this study the drug had not shown any

side effects and it was well tolerated.

Therefore, it can be safely use as a drug of choice in the management of Vata Kpahaj Jwara.

CONCLUSION

Vata and Kapha Doshas are Pradhan vitiated doshas in Vata Kaphaj Jwara which leads to

various symptoms or flu like symptoms (viral fever).

Panchakola Kashaydue to its Katu Rasa, Ushna Veerya, Madhur-Katu Vipak and ushna

teekshna gunas, this Aushadhi acts as a Deepan Pachan, shulaprashamana, swedapravartaka,

kasaghna and pacifies Vata and Kapha dosha.

So that pathogenesis improves, ultimately fever subsides and symptoms of Vata Kaphaj

Jwara decreases.

In this study, no any side effects of the drug occurred during treatment.

Thus according to the result Panchakola Kashay is effective in treatment of Vata Kaphaj

Jwara.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I have a great pleasure while keeping this thesis work in front of reputed personalities in the

research. I take this opportunity as a deep sense of gratitude to those people & institutions

that helped me during this research work.

While going through all stages of this massive work, from the Hardships of collection of data

to the final writing, I had a humble feeling that I am just a tool at the hands of the almighty

god without whose mercy nothing was possible for me.

I have deep sense of gratitude for my GUIDE and H.O.D. PROF.DR. D.L. SHINDE for

whose incessant encouragement, support and spiritual guidance and cheerful manner and

deep knowledge in the Subject gave me great boost during my research work.


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