Egyptian mummies!Egyptian mummies!

IntroductionIntroduction

The The pharaohs had pharaohs had huge monuments built huge monuments built for them so they wouldfor them so they would always be always be remembered.remembered.

The first Historian to The first Historian to record about record about mummification comes mummification comes from a Greek named from a Greek named HerodotusHerodotus

Death Death

Ancient Egyptians Ancient Egyptians take a lot of trouble take a lot of trouble preparing for the preparing for the afterlife, the afterlife, the entire entire process lasting 70 process lasting 70 daysdays

The bodies are The bodies are preserved by preserved by embalming and embalming and mummification.mummification.

Cleansing the bodyCleansing the body

Your body would be Your body would be cleaned with sweet cleaned with sweet smelling palm winesmelling palm wine

Afterwards, your Afterwards, your body is taken to the body is taken to the place of embalming place of embalming called the called the wabet.wabet.

Removing the organsRemoving the organs

To beginTo begin: bits of brain : bits of brain were removed through were removed through the nostril the nostril with a tool with a tool resembling a crochet resembling a crochet hook hook “Brain Hook”“Brain Hook”

Believed brain only Believed brain only produced mucusproduced mucus

You thinking was done You thinking was done with your heart (so leave it with your heart (so leave it behind)behind)

Removal Cont’dRemoval Cont’d A slicer priest will A slicer priest will

make a short cut make a short cut using an using an ““embalmer’s knife”embalmer’s knife” alongside the left alongside the left side of your stomach.side of your stomach.

Only a 3” slit-didn’t Only a 3” slit-didn’t want to damage want to damage bodybody

Lungs, stomach, Lungs, stomach, liver, and liver, and intestinesintestines, were all , were all removedremoved

No mention of your heart!!

Embalming Cont’dEmbalming Cont’d

Natron saltNatron salt is used is used to dry out your body to dry out your body once the organs have once the organs have been removed. been removed.

This salt draws out This salt draws out the moisture from the moisture from within your bodywithin your body

Typically Typically 400 pounds 400 pounds of salt were usedof salt were used

Storing the organsStoring the organs

The organs were The organs were stored in stored in Canopic Canopic jarsjars. .

Each jar is protected Each jar is protected by one of by one of the four the four sons of Horus sons of Horus

The lid of the jar is The lid of the jar is shaped like it’s shaped like it’s protectors head. protectors head.

Canopic JarsCanopic Jars

Jackal Head Jar-Jackal Head Jar-stomachstomach

Human Head Jar-Human Head Jar-liverliver

Baboon Head Jar-Baboon Head Jar-lungslungs

Falcon Head Jar-Falcon Head Jar-intestinesintestines

Get stuffed!Get stuffed! The body is soaked in The body is soaked in

Natron for Natron for 40 days 40 days After After 40 days40 days your skin your skin

will be shrivelled and you will be shrivelled and you will look like a piece of will look like a piece of old leather. old leather.

So your So your skin is rubbed skin is rubbed with oils with oils to make it to make it softer. (Make-Up artist)softer. (Make-Up artist)

Next add some false Next add some false eyes and hair eyes and hair

The empty space where The empty space where your organs were are your organs were are now stuffed with now stuffed with sawdust and rags.sawdust and rags.

Wrapped and readyWrapped and ready

It will take It will take 15 days to wrap you 15 days to wrap you up up

you will need 20 layers of you will need 20 layers of bandages.bandages.

If you were sensible you would If you were sensible you would have saved linen for the whole have saved linen for the whole of your life for this purpose. of your life for this purpose.

Wrapping it UpWrapping it Up

Charms, called amuletsCharms, called amulets, , were folded into the were folded into the wrappings (for good luck).wrappings (for good luck).

Resin was used to glue Resin was used to glue the bandages the bandages togethertogether

'Plummet' amulet which will keep the person balanced in the next life.

'Isis knot' amulet which will protect the body.

The coffinsThe coffins

Once wrapped up you will Once wrapped up you will need a good need a good wooden coffinwooden coffin. .

The coffins should have The coffins should have pictures of gods pictures of gods on them on them and and lots of hieroglyphslots of hieroglyphs..

A nest of coffins will be A nest of coffins will be placed in your tomb, inside a placed in your tomb, inside a stone coffin called a stone coffin called a sarcophagus.sarcophagus.

What a mummy needs for What a mummy needs for a blissful afterlife….a blissful afterlife….

Have the wall of your tomb painted Have the wall of your tomb painted with pictures of you.with pictures of you.

Stock your tomb with food, Stock your tomb with food, clothes. Weapons, furniture and clothes. Weapons, furniture and tools. tools.

It is the duty of your relatives to It is the duty of your relatives to bring you gifts of food, so you don’t bring you gifts of food, so you don’t go hungrygo hungry

“You are young again. You live again. You are young again. You live

again. Forever.” Ancient hieroglyphics found on

the walls of a tomb

The endThe end

Once your tomb has Once your tomb has been sealed, your soul been sealed, your soul will battle its way will battle its way through the underworld through the underworld and your heart will be and your heart will be weighed against the weighed against the feather of truth. feather of truth.

•A papyrus scroll with spells A papyrus scroll with spells from the Book of the Dead is from the Book of the Dead is placed between the wrapped placed between the wrapped handshands.

Quick quizQuick quiz

What is Natron?What is Natron? A natural salt used to A natural salt used to

dry out the body.dry out the body. How many days is How many days is

the body left before it the body left before it is stuffed?is stuffed?

4040

What is a Canopic What is a Canopic jar?jar?

Four jars in which the Four jars in which the embalmed stomach, embalmed stomach, lungs, liver and lungs, liver and intestines were intestines were storedstored

Mummy Maker GameMummy Maker Game

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/egyptians/launch_gms_mummy_maker.shtmllaunch_gms_mummy_maker.shtml