eight channels digital storage oscilloscope … · 2019. 9. 3. · 10. pal s.k., kumar a., and...

EIGHT CHANNELS DIGITAL STORAGE OSCILLOSCOPE

AMIRTHAVEL A/L KANDASAMY

A project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the

requirement for the award of the degree of

Master of Engineering (Electrical-Electronic and Telecommunication)

Faculty of Electrical

Engineering

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

JUNE 2016

iii

To my beloved parents and all my family members

iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to take this opportunity to thank Assoc. Prof. Dr Muhammad Nasir Bin Ibrahim, my supervisor for my master's degree project. Together with his expert advice and guidance, this report has come to fruition. My sincerest appreciation must be extended to the supervisor who have gone through the draft copy and sent in the comments, corrections and suggestions.

I also like to thank my parents, my siblings and my friends for their never

dying support.

v

ABSTRACT

The traditional two or four channels oscilloscope is not very useful to study

behavior of many modern intelligent sensors or system on chips (SOC) as many of

them contains more than four signals. An eight channels digital storage oscilloscope

is considered good to analyze these devices, hence, proposed in this project. This

project is to demonstrate knowledge of microprocessor system design, skills in signal

conditioning techniques and analogue system design involving op-amp by

developing a prototype of eight channels digital storage oscilloscope.

vi

ABSTRAK

Osiloskop tradisional yang mempunyai dua atau empat saluran tidak sangat

berguna untuk mengkaji operasi banyak sensor pintar moden atau sistem pada cip

(SOC) kerana kebanyakannya mengandungi lebih daripada empat isyarat. Osiloskop

penyimpanan digital lapan saluran adalah baik untuk menganalisis alat-alat ini. Ini

menjadi cadangan projek ini. Projek ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pengetahuan reka

sistem mikropemproses, kemahiran dalam teknik penyesuaian isyarat dan reka sistem

analog melibatkan Op-Amp dengan membuat prototaip osiloskop penyimpanan

digital lapan saluran.

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

DECLARATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv

ABSTRACT v

ABSTRAK vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES ix

LIST OF FIGURES x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xii

LIST OF SYMBOLS xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES xiv

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem Statement 1

1.3 Objectives 2

1.4 Scope of Work 2

1.5 Contribution 3

1.6 Project Report Outline 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4

2.1 Introduction of Oscilloscope 4

2.2 Digital Storage Oscilloscope Specification 5

2.3 Analog to Digital Convertor 6

2.4 Signal Processing Techniques 7

viii

2.5 Analog Signal Conditioning 11

2.6 System Design 12

2.7 Summary 13

3 METHODOLOGY 14

3.1 Proposed Project Methodology 14

3.2 Hardware Design 15

3.2.1 Microprocessor Selection 15

3.2.2 Analog Component Selection 16

3.2.3 PCB layout design 20

3.3 Software Design 23

3.3.1 Operating System Selection 23

3.3.2 Development Software Selection 23

3.3.3 Application Development 24

3.4 Summary 26

4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULT AND DISCUSSION 27

4.1 Simulation Result 27

4.2 Experimental Result 29

4.3 Summary 34

5 CONCLUSION 35

5.1 Conclusion 35

5.2 Suggestion for Future Works 36

REFERENCES 37

APPENDIX A 44-63

ix

LIST OF TABLE

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE 3.1 Top free PCB layout software 21 3.2 Pricing for commercial charting component libraries 24

x

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

2.1 Basic block diagram of DSO 5

2.2 ADCs ENOB and sample rate 7

2.3 Successive sample averaging 8

2.4 Successive capture averaging 9

2.5 Decimation based on successive sample averaging 10

2.6 Equivalent sampling scheme 11

2.7 Analog signal conditioning 12

2.8 Oscilloscope design 13

3.1 Basic block diagram of oscilloscope 15

3.2 Raspberry Pi2 Model B top view and GPIO 16

3.3 SPI transfer modes 17

3.4 Analog circuit diagram 19

3.5 DC/DC circuit for typical -5V output 19

3.6 DC/DC circuit for -5V output with charge pump

technique 20

3.7 Schematic of design in PCBweb 22

3.8 PCB layout of design in PCBweb 22

3.9 Application flow chart 25

3.10 Application Layout. 25

4.1 DC coupled circuit simulation result 26

4.2 AC coupled circuit diagram 27

4.3 AC coupled circuit simulation result 28

4.4 VGA off state output capture 29

4.5 VGA on state with +/- 1.5V 50Hz signal output

capture 30

4.6 50Hz and 25Hz 3.3V square wave capture 31

xi

4.7 50Hz 3.3V square wave normal mode capture 31

4.8 50Hz 3.3V square wave averaging mode capture 32

4.9 50Hz 3.3V square wave Hi-Res mode capture 32

4.10 500Hz 3.3V square wave normal mode capture 33

4.11 5000Hz 3.3V square wave ETS mode capture 33

4.12 Supply rail capture 34

xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

DSO - Digital Storage Oscilloscope

ADC - Analog-to-Digital Converter

SOC - System On Chips

I2C - Inter IC

SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface

UART - Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter

CAN - Controller Area Network

SENT - Single Edge Nibble Transmission

LIN - Local interconnect network

DAC - Digital-to-Analog Converter

PWM - Pulse Width Modulator

IC - Integrate Circuit

LCD - Liquid Crystal Display

HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface

GPIO - General-purpose input/output

VGA - Variable Gain Amplifier

PCB - Printed Circuit Board

xiii

LIST OF SYMBOLS

Δ - Delta

Hz - Hertz

dB - Decibel

Ω - Ohms

xiv

LIST OF APPPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Application Code 37

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO) have started appear in the early 1970s.

Since then DSO developed to a point that replaced the analog oscilloscope in market

[4] [5] [8]. Analog input signal converted to digital and stored in memory to be

processed and display in DSO. Thus the Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is heart

of DSO. Typically DSO will have two or four analog channels.

1.2 Problem Statement

Use four analog channels DSO to study behavior of many modern intelligent

sensors or System On Chips (SOC) become difficult as many of them contain more

than four signals. Example, the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) SOC

MPC5775K offers I2C, CAN, SPI, SENT, LIN, DAC, FlexRay and FlexPWM which

2

need more than four channels to debug [1]. Beside this, analyze seven channel audio

applications, multiple power supply rails sequencing monitoring, and Mutli-sensor

system also requires more than four channels [2]. Most of DSO in market offers

either two or four analog channels capability. An eight channels standalone DSO is

costly.

1.3 Objectives

The objective of this project is to study DSO analog block, digital block,

signal processing, and display and design eight channels digital storage oscilloscope

prototype.

1.4 Scope of Work

There are a few things that have to be highlighted to ensure this project is

done within the scope of the objective. Scopes of work are:

i. Digital system design involves microprocessor selection from IC and

processor technology and peripherals.

ii. Analogue system design involves op-amp, filter and ADC selection.

iii. Signal conditioning techniques covers attenuation, amplification and

filtering.

3

iv. Prototype of the oscilloscope will be targeted for lower sample rate or

lower frequency input signal to reduce cost of this project.

1.5 Contribution

Exploit signal conditioning and processing techniques used for eight channels

DSO and develop prototype of DSO with eight channels.

1.6 Project Report Outline

This report is a document for master project in Electrical - Electronic and

Telecommunication Engineering. The report is organized in the following manner.

Chapter 1 describes introduction, problem statement and objectives of the

projects. The project’s scope also stated in Chapter 1.

Chapter 2 summarized the literature review of DSO, it's signal processing,

analog signal conditioning and system design.

Chapter 3 explains in detail project methodology and design of the DSO.

Chapter 4 is about the results and analysis had been made.

Chapter 5 concludes the proposed design and some suggestion given for

future improvement.

37

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0. Front pageEIGHT CHANNELS DIGITAL STORAGE OSCILLOSCOPE

1. Psz Declaration2. Lect Declaration3. Title4. Self Declaration5. Dedication6. Acknowledment7. Abstract8. Table of contents9. List of tables10. List of figures11. List of abbreviations12. List of symbols13. List of Appendices14. Report ch1 first page14. Report ch1 other pages14. Report ch2 first page14. Report ch2 other pages14. Report ch3 first page14. Report ch3 other pages14. Report ch4 first page14. Report ch4 other pages14. Report ch5 first page14. Report ch5 other pages15. Reference47. "TL08xx JFET-Input Operational Amplifiers" Datasheet, Texas Instruments, May 2015

16. appendix a

eight channels digital storage oscilloscope … · 2019. 9. 3. · 10. pal s.k., kumar a., and...

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