Tugas Ekotek Bab 8Agung Cahyadi

1406606650

8.2 We should select the one with lower initial investment.

8.4a. The increment of investment between the two alternatives is less than 12 %b. We should select alternative X because the ROR on the increment of investment is less than MARR (12%), and alternative X requires a smaller investment than alternative Y

8.6 I infrared 27%I expensive 22%MARR 19%Kita tidak dapat menentukan modelnya, karena meskipun kita tahun bahwa kenaikan investasi kurang dari 22% per tahun, bisa saja nilai ini lebih atau sama atau pun kurang dibandingkan dengan MARR

8.8 Total investment $ 100,000.00 ROR total 30%Total Return $ 30,000.00 Investment Z1 $ 30,000.00 ROR Z1 15%Return Z1 $ 4,500.00

Investment Z2 $ 70,000.00 Return Z2 $ 25,500.00 ROR Z2 36%

8,10

Tahuncash flow

A B0 $ (12,000.00) $ (73,000.00)1 $ (27,000.00) $ (14,000.00)2 $ (39,000.00) $ (14,000.00)3 $ (27,000.00) $ (14,000.00)4 $ (39,000.00) $ (14,000.00)5 $ (27,000.00) $ (14,000.00)6 $ (27,000.00) $ 1,000.00

So we get :a. Tahun 0 $ (61,000.00)

b. Tahun 2 $ 25,000.00

8.12 Tahuncash flow

P Q0 $ (50,000.00) $ (85,000.00)1 $ 13,400.00 $ 43,000.00 2 $ 13,400.00 $ 43,000.00 3 $ (36,600.00) $ 43,000.00 4 $ 13,400.00 $ 43,000.00 5 $ 13,400.00 $ 43,000.00 6 $ 16,400.00 $ 51,000.00

8.14

year gasoline diesel0 $ (150,000.00) $ (110,000.00)

1-14 $ (41,000.00) $ (30,000.00)15 $ 23,000.00 $ 39,000.00

So we get :a. First cost diesel $ (110,000.00)b. Annual cost diesel $ (30,000.00)c. Salvage diesel $ 39,000.00

8.16 year incremental0 -46001 11002 11003 11004 11005 11006 1100

7 11008 11009 1100

10 2000

i 21.93%

> Because I <MARR, alternative P3 should be selected

8.18year treated impregnated

0 $ (50,000.00) $ (95,000.00)1 $ (100,000.00) $ (85,000.00)2 $ (100,000.00) $ (85,000.00)3 $ (145,000.00) $ (85,000.00)4 $ (100,000.00) $ (85,000.00)5 $ (100,000.00) $ (85,000.00)6 $ (95,000.00) $ (74,000.00)

MARR 21%I incremental 45.18%

> Because I > MARR, impregnated should be selected

8,20 year A B0 $ (110,000.00) $ (175,000.00)1 $ (60,000.00) $ (35,000.00)2 $ (60,000.00) $ (35,000.00)3 $ (60,000.00) $ (35,000.00)

So we get :MARR 20%I incremental 7.51%

8.22year incremental

0 $ (900,000.00)1 $ 400,000.00 2 $ 400,000.00 3 $ 400,000.00

> So we get :

Annual cost 2 ($566,422.02)Reduction ($166,422.02)

8.24

year variable dual0 $ (270,000.00) $ (245,000.00)1 $ (135,000.00) $ (139,000.00)2 $ (135,000.00) $ (139,000.00)3 $ (135,000.00) $ (139,000.00)4 $ (135,000.00) $ (139,000.00)5 $ (135,000.00) $ (139,000.00)6 $ (60,000.00) $ (104,000.00)

> So we get :i 23.08%

> Because I > MARR, variable speed should be selected

8.26year HP EMT

0 $ (600,000.00) $ (800,000.00)1 $ (200,000.00) $ (150,000.00)2 $ (200,000.00) $ (150,000.00)3 $ (200,000.00) $ (150,000.00)4 $ (200,000.00) $ (150,000.00)5 $ (130,000.00) $ (20,000.00)

So we get :i 14.52%

> Because I < MARR, HP should be selected

8.28> Do-nothing alternative should be selected

8,30year iGen-1 iGen-2

0 $ (500,000.00) $ (600,000.00)1 $ 100,000.00 $ 160,000.00 2 $ 100,000.00 $ 160,000.00 3 $ 170,000.00 $ 245,000.00

i -12.60% -2.74%

> Because I > MARR, alternative D should be selected

8.32Rank alternatives according to increasing initial investment : DN, D, A, C, E, B

a) A vs B 19%E vs D 24%C vs A 19%C vs DN 7%D vs C 33%

MARR 11.50%

> Therefore, select B

b) MARR 13.50%

A vs B 19%E vs D 24%C vs A 19%DN vs B 13%D vs C 33%

> Therefore, select do-nothing

8.34

D AInitial Cost $ (3,000.00) $ (7,000.00)Cash Flow $ 500.00 $ 3,500.00 ROR (vs DN) 16.70% 14.30%MARR 14.90%

Eliminate DN Eliminate A

I D vs C 15% Eliminate D

I C vs B 15% Eliminate C

> Therefore, B should be selected

8.36 MARR 22%

year machine 1 machine 20 $ (44,000.00) $ (60,000.00)1 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 2 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 3 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 4 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 5 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 6 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 7 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 8 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00 9 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00

10 $ 10,000.00 $ 16,000.00

year Incremental cash flow (2-1) Incremental cash flow (3-2)0 $ (16,000.00) $ (12,000.00)1 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 2 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 3 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 4 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 5 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 6 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 7 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 8 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 9 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00

10 $ 6,000.00 $ 3,000.00 i 35.73% 21.41%

Select 2 2

Comparison 3-2 21.41% < MARR

> Therefore, 2 should be selected

Tugas Ekotek Bab 8Agung Cahyadi

1406606650

We should select alternative X because the ROR on the increment of investment is less than MARR (12%), and alternative X requires a smaller investment than alternative Y

Kita tidak dapat menentukan modelnya, karena meskipun kita tahun bahwa kenaikan investasi kurang dari 22% per tahun, bisa saja nilai ini lebih atau sama atau pun kurang dibandingkan dengan MARR

incremental Cash flow A

$ (61,000.00) $ 13,000.00 0 1 2 3 $ 25,000.00 $ 13,000.00 $12,000.00 $ 25,000.00 $ 13,000.00 $27,000.00 $ 28,000.00 $39,000.00

incrementCash Flow P

$ (35,000.00) $22,000.00 $ 29,600.00 $ 29,600.00 $3,000.00 $ 79,600.00 $ 29,600.00 0 1 2 3 $ 29,600.00 $ 34,600.00 $8,600.00

$50,000.00

incremental Gasoline $ 40,000.00 $ 11,000.00 $ 16,000.00

0 1 2 3

$41,000.00

$150,000.00

Incremental$2,000.00

$1,100.00

0 1 2 3 14 15

4600

Aincremental $5,000.00

$ (45,000.00) $ 15,000.00 $ 15,000.00 0 1 2 3 $ 60,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $50,000.00 $ 21,000.00

$100,000.00

$150,000.00

incremental A $ (65,000.00) $ 25,000.00 0 1 2 3 $ 25,000.00 $ 25,000.00

$60,000.00

$110,000.00

Incremental Cash Flow$400,000.00

0 1 2 3

$900,000.00

incremental Variable $ 25,000.00 $ (4,000.00) $ (4,000.00) $ (4,000.00) 0 1 2 3 $ (4,000.00) $ (4,000.00) $ (44,000.00) $135,000.00

$270,000.00

incremental HP $ (200,000.00) $ 50,000.00 $ 50,000.00 $ 50,000.00 0 1 2 3 $ 50,000.00 $ 110,000.00 $200,000.00

$600,000.00

iGen-3 iGen-4 $ (650,000.00) $ (750,000.00) A $170,000.00 $ 205,000.00 $ 310,000.00 $100,000.00 $ 205,000.00 $ 310,000.00 $ 295,000.00 $ 430,000.00 0 1 2 3

3.92% 17.77%

$500,000.00

Eliminate AEliminate EEliminate CEliminate DNEliminate D

Eliminate AEliminate EEliminate CEliminate BEliminate D

C E B $ (9,000.00) $ (16,000.00) $ (23,000.00) $ 1,400.00 $ 500.00 $ 3,500.00

15.60% 13.80% 15.20%14.90%

Eliminate DN Eliminate E Eliminate DN

machine 3 machine 4 $ (72,000.00) $ (98,000.00) $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00 $ 19,000.00 $ 24,000.00

Incremental cash flow (4-3) $ (26,000.00) $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 5,000.00

14.08%3

Kita tidak dapat menentukan modelnya, karena meskipun kita tahun bahwa kenaikan investasi kurang dari 22% per tahun, bisa saja nilai ini lebih atau sama atau pun kurang dibandingkan dengan MARR

Cash flow A Cash flow B

4 5 6

0 1 2 3 4

$27,000.00$39,000.00 $14,000.00

$73,000.00

Cash Flow P Cash Flow Q$22,000.00 $45,000.00

$3,000.00

4 5 6

$8,600.00 0 1 2 3 4$2,000.00

$50,000.00

$85,000.00

Diesel$23,000.00

14 15 0 1 2 3

$41,000.00 $30,000.00

$110,000.00

$2,000.00

B$5,000.00

4 5 60 1 2 3 4

$100,000.00$85,000.00

$150,000.00 $95,000.00

B

0 1 2 3

35000

175000

Dual$75,000.00

4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4

$135,000.00 139000

245000

EMT

$70,000.00

4 5 0 1 2 3 4

$200,000.00 $150,000.00

$800,000.00

$170,000.00 C $295,000.00 B$205,000.00 $150,000.00

1 2 3 1

$650,000.00 $600,000.00

$15,000.00

5 6

$14,000.00

$45,000.00

$8,000.00

5 6$2,000.00

$39,000.00

14 15

$30,000.00

$11,000.00

5 6

$85,000.00

35000

5 6

139000

$130,000.00

5

$150,000.00

D $430,000.00$245,000.00 $310,000.00

$150,000.00

2 3 0 1 2 3

$750,000.00