EL SALVADORMR. CARLOS MARTINEZ

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GENERAL INFORMATION

PIPILSThe Pipils, a tribe of the nomadic

people of Nahua settled down for a long time in central Mexico.

LENCASThe region of the east was

populated and governed by the Lencas.

CHORTISThe North zone of the Lempa

Hi River was populated and governed by the Chortis, a Mayan people.

NAHUATL VOCABULARYCíhuatl: WomanCalpolli: TribeCihtli: Grand-motherCihuapillahtocatzintli:

QueenCihuapilli: Mrs.Cocoxqui: SickColli: Grand-fatherConetl: childConi: drinkquin tepan: LaterTlamachtilli: Student

Cuaitl: HeadCuauhtla: ForestHueltiuhtli: SisterIcniuhtli: FriendIhcuiloa: WriteMochi: EverythingMoztla: TomorrowNantli: motherNemachtiloyan: Schoolnocenyeliz. My FamilyTlazocamati: ThanksTlazohtla: Love

SPANISH CONQUESTIn 1525, Pedro de Alvarado

succeeded in bringing the district under control of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, which retained its authority until 1821.

INDEPENDENCEThe first "shout of independence"

in El Salvador came in 1811, at the hands of criollo elite.

In 1821, El Salvador and the other Central American provinces declared their independence from Spain.

INDEPENDENCEWhen these provinces were

joined with Mexico in early 1822, El Salvador resisted, insisting on autonomy for the Central American countries.

In 1823, the United Provinces of Central America was formed of the five Central American states under Gen. Manuel José Arce.

FROM INDIGO TO COFFEEEl Salvador's landed elite

depended on production of a single export crop, indigo.

The landed elite replaced this crop with a newly demanded product, coffee.

MILITARY DICTATORSHIPSBetween 1931 to 1944, during

General Maximiliano Martinez there was brutal suppression of rural resistance.

By the year 1932, 30,000 indigenous people and political opponents were murdered, imprisoned or exiled.

MILITARY DICTATORSHIPS From the 1930s to the 1970s,

authoritarian governments employed political repression.

The National Conciliation Party was in power from the early 1960s until 1979.

SALVADORAN CIVIL WAR In 1979, both the extreme

right and the extreme left now disagreed with the government and increased political violence quickly turned into a civil war.

The Chapultepec Peace Accords marked the end of the war in 1992 and FMLN became one of the major political parties.

NOWADAYSTOURISTS ROUTESTYPICAL FOOD

ARCHAEOLOGICAL ROUTEJoya de Ceren

Named by UNESCO as Patrimony for humanity in 1993.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL ROUTESan Andres

People used to work with indigo.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL ROUTEEl Tazumal

It forms part of a great indigenous city who has not been completely discovered.

DE LAS FLORES TRIALCoffee Forest

Apaneca allows the best harvest of high-altitude coffee in the country.

DE LAS FLORES TRIALChorros de la Calera

DE LAS CUMBRES TRIALJiquilisco Bay

The biggest mangle site and one of the most beautiful natural salt water locations.

DE LAS CUMBRES TRIALJiquilisco Bay

The biggest mangle site and one of the most beautiful natural salt water locations.

DE LAS CUMBRES TRIALEl Jocotal Lagoon

It lodges locally endangered fauna species, such as: the Crocodile, the Guaote Criollo, Green Iguana, and Royal Duck.

TYPICAL FOODPupusas

Thick corn tortillas stuffed with cheese, meat, squash, and/or other fillings.

TYPICAL FOOD Empanadas

flour pastries filled with meat, potatoes and/or cheese. In El Salvador, "empanadas" can also refer to a dessert: fried plantains stuffed with sweet cream.

TYPICAL FOODTamales

boiled pockets of corn dough, stuffed with meat or sweet corn and served in banana leaves.

TYPICAL FOODSopa de Patas

A popular soup made from corn, plantains, tripe and cow's feet.

TYPICAL FOODYuca Frita

Fried yucca, often served with chicharon (deep-friend pork cracklings)