Practice Test 2 Do equal volumes of different materials have the same mass? If not, which material had the greater mass per unit volume? How did you figure this out from the data table?

How is mass different from volume? What does each measure?

Are these ratios the same? How close do the values need to be for you to consider them as the same value? Why might the values be different? Do liquid particles undergo fewer collisions or more collisions than particles of gases? What is your reasoning? We would expect them to undergo more collisions than particles of gases. If they are closer to one another, they have to travel less distance before colliding with another particle. Do solid particles move? If so, describe how the motion of particles in solids is different from the motion of particles in liquids and gases. If not, describe what you observe. Yes, solid particles are moving constantly but they are not mobile like particles of liquids and gases. Particles of solids wiggle or vibrate in place. Would you describe forces between water particles as attractive or repulsive? For a given material, how would you rank the average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas, liquid, and solid states? For a given material: Ave KE solid < Ave KE liquid < Ave KE gas. (Note: these three states occur at different temperatures.) Complete the explanation: You place a pot of water on the stove and set the knob to high (about 175 C). Eventually, the temperature of the water remains constant at 100 C and the water boils. Why?

In this explanation, consider what is happening to water particles in the liquid configuration at 100 C.

Multiple type of questions

The density of a material

a. depends partly on how massive the individual atoms are that make up the material.

b. depends in part on how closely packed the material's atoms are.

c. can be a useful tool in identifying the composition of an unknown substance.

d. is equal to its mass divided by its volume.

e. all of the above

An unknown piece of metal weighing 2 kg's is found to have a volume of 0.15 cubic meters. What is its density?

a. 0.30 kg/m3

b. 17.4 kg/m

c. 13.3 kg/m3

d. 18.6 kg/m3

e. 33.3 kg/m3

The pressure on any particular object

a. is equal to its mass times its acceleration.

b. is the force on an object divided by the acceleration of the particles involved.

c. is the force divided by the area over which the force is applied.

d. all of the above

e. a and c only

The pressure at the bottom of a five foot deep section of Lake Michigan

a. is greater than a five foot deep pool in your yard.

b. is less than a five foot deep circular aquarium with a radius of 2 meters.

c. is the same as any other five foot deep, static body of water.

d. depends mostly on the total amount of water in the Lake.

e. cannot be sure given this information

A barometer is an instrument that measures

a. relative humidity.

b. atmospheric pressure.

c. temperature and pressure.

d. wind velocity.

e. none of the above

The upward force of buoyancy that keeps a log afloat is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the log.

True

False

At lower temperatures

a. molecules in a substance move faster than at higher temperatures.

b. molecules move at the same speed as they would at higher temperatures, it is just that the collisions between the molecules are more frequent.

c. molecules move slower than at higher temperatures.

d. the kinetic energy is irrelevant to temperature, potential energy is key.

e. b and d only

If the temperature outside is 45 degrees Fahrenheit, what is the temperature in degrees Celsius?

a. 3.6

b. 9.2

c. 7.2

d. 13

e. 5.4

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Solid materials normally expand with an increase in temperature.

b. When heat is put into a crystal, each atom in the crystal requires more room for its vibrational motions.

c. Liquid water actually shrinks a bit when its temperature increases from 0 to 4 degrees Celsius.

d. The change in length of a solid can be calculated using a known coefficient of linear expansion, a constant that is different for different materials.

e. None of the above are false, all are true.

A material that has a definite shape and volume, and which is rigid enough to counteract a force imposed on it is

a. a solid

b. a liquid

c. a gas.

d. a plasma.

e. all of the above at one time or another

A material that maintains a constant volume, but assumes the shape of its container is

a. a gas.

b. a solid.

c. a liquid.

d. a polymer.

e. a and c both

The fundamental building block for all matter; the smallest representative sample of a substance that maintains chemical identity.

a. atom

b. mixture

c. molecule

d. electron

e. compound