electronic commerce "any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from...
TRANSCRIPT
Electronic CommerceElectronic Commerce
"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."
-Arthur C. Clarke
What is Electronic Commerce?
“Technology-mediated exchanges between parties (individuals or organizations) as well as the electronically based intra- and inter-organizational activities that facilitate such exchanges”
Rayport and Jaworski, 2001
In the beginning...
MAINFRAME
MAINFRAME
Dum
b T
erm
inal
s
Then came the PC...
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Why not connect branches around the country?
gateway
gateway
gateway
gateway
Seattle, WASeattle, WACollege College Park, MDPark, MD
New Haven, CTNew Haven, CT Albany, NYAlbany, NY
Why not link the world?
And so it came to be...
The “Internet”“Internet” a global network of networks connecting millions of users
networks connected via gateways
standard grammar (or protocol) for communicating with one another (TCP/IP)
common addressing system (URL)
most commonly used for email
URLs
Need to keep the computers straightEach assigned a unique IP address
Example : 151.118.43.18Four sets of octetsCan take values between 0 and 255
IP addresses stored as domain names for easy recallDomain Name Server maintains the mapping between IP address and domain name
The Internet: What does it The Internet: What does it look like?look like?The Internet: What does it The Internet: What does it look like?look like?
1985: NSF funded 5 supercomputer 5 supercomputer centerscenters around the country
Cornell Theory Center, Cornell UniversityNational Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignPittsburgh Supercomputing Center, University of PittsburghSan Diego Supercomputer Center, University of San DiegoJon von Neumann Center, Princeton University
The Original InternetThe Original InternetThe Original InternetThe Original Internet
Five centers linked by 56kbps56kbps lines
Unexpectedly large volumes of traffic
Not only used for research but also for email email and and file transfersfile transfers
1987:1987: NSF awarded Merit Networks Inc. (Ann Arbor, MI) contract to upgrade the NSFnet backbone
The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)
Merit upgraded the lines to T-1 (1.544 Mbps)
8 more nodes added (making 13)
The purpose of NSFnet now was to interconnectinterconnect these regional networks
The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)The Original Internet (contd.)
1991:1991: The lines interconnecting networks was upgraded to T-3 (45 Mbps)Over 3500 regional networks3500 regional networks were interconnectedThe original 1983 concept of the Internet was that of interconnecting networks10 years later, “being on the Internet” meant being connected to the NSFnet backbone
The New Internet ArchitectureThe New Internet ArchitectureThe New Internet ArchitectureThe New Internet Architecture
April, 1995April, 1995: NSF shut down its NSFnet backbone
Radical new architecture consisting of four network access pointsnetwork access points (NAPs)
San Francisco (PacBell)
Chicago (Ameritech and Bellcore)
New York (Sprint)
Washington D.C. (Metropolitan Fiber Systems)
Today’s Internet
WWWhat in the WWWorld is the World Wide Web?
The World Wide Web (WWW)
The multimedia armmultimedia arm of the InternetWWW is an information system that uses
the internetuniform addressing schemes (URL)common grammar (HTTP protocols)hypertext (written in a language called HTML)web serversweb browsers
World Wide Web
www.travel.net.br
Browser client
URL
What is Electronic Commerce?
“Technology-mediated exchanges between parties (individuals or organizations) as well as the electronically based intra- and inter-organizational activities that facilitate such exchanges”
Rayport and Jaworski, 2001
Ripples
Business Originating From….
Sel
ling
to…
.
Business
Business Consumer
Consumer
B2B C2B
B2C C2CConsumers buy thousands of Harry Potter books from Amazon
Publisher orders paper supplies from paper companies
Amazon orders extra copies from publisher
Consumers resell Harry Potter books on eBay
Potter fans band together for bulk purchase from Amazon