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EMF of Additional Financing for Fujian Highway Sector Investment Project

Introduction

Given the nature and small scale of the proposed civil works under the rural roads component of the project, a formal environmental assessment report is not considered necessary. However, as in most cases construction activities are going to be undertaken in rural areas there are likely to be some concerns relating to inconveniences or nuisances to surrounding areas during construction will require careful construction planning and management. Therefore, for the purpose of enhancing environment friendly measures and mitigating any adverse impacts caused by the construction activities, the rehabilitation and upgrading of rural roads funded under this project shall follow this Environmental Management Framework (EMF).

The implementation of the RRIP corroborated that no major environmental (and social issues). However, there is a need to improve project design and contractors’ performance, as well as supervision of construction activities. Main issues to address include:

• The need to include adequate design of drainage systems: lateral drains, cross drains.

• The need to include traffic and safety signs as part of project especially curves and intersections with other roads, and crossing of local communities.

• The need to manage impacts from construction such as disposal of construction wastes, nuisances to communities (dust, noise);

• The need to strengthen rural road maintenance planning and implementation, in participating townships to ensure the long-term sustainability of these roads.

• The need to raise awareness among communities about protecting the roads and avoid obstructing drainage systems, disposal of trash and construction debris along the roads.

Project Description

The additional financing program would fund rehabilitation and improvements to rural roads only. No new rural roads will be financed under the program.

Typology of Eligible Rural Roads and Planning Horizon Only rural road upgrading or rehabilitation projects will be eligible for financing. Construction of new rural roads will not be eligible for financing. Projects must meet the following definitions: Upgrading: Improving road specifications. Most of the work is carried out on the existing platform or right of way.

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• Changing surface (gravel to pavement or asphalt) • Improving curves • Strengthening bridges

Rehabilitation of Roads: It consists of bringing existing deteriorated roads to previous/original conditions. All of the work is done on the existing platform or right of way. No additional land acquisition is needed. The following works are carried out during rehabilitation of roads:

• improving drainage/slopes/embankments/other structures • Rehabilitate pavements • complete resurfacing/repaving • recuperating civil works

Potential Subproject Impacts

All projects involve changing the road surface to either asphalt or concrete. In a few cases, the width of the road is to be changed or expanded. Perhaps the only environmental concern for this project would be the management of construction related impacts. Contractor practices can cause readily visible environmental and aesthetic impacts especially from the inadequate disposal of construction wastes and earth cuts in the hilly areas of Fujian Province. The proper management of excavation materials, river and drainage crossings, and the reduction of nuisances such as dust, noise, increased traffic, pedestrian safety concerns, and the presence of a large work force in or near small rural communities, will necessitate careful engineering planning, closed supervision, and a continuous and intense community information program.

Purpose of the Environmental Management Framework (EMF) The Environmental Safeguard Framework aims to establish some simple rules, procedures and institutional arrangements to be utilized under the AF with regard to identification, monitoring and mitigation of possible adverse environmental impacts with respect to the rehabilitation and upgrading of rural roads. All subprojects to be financed must (i) meet World Bank safeguard policy requirements; it provides guidance in the screening of subprojects for eligibility to receive funds from the program, and identifies additional information that may be needed to ensure compliance with WB Safeguards; (ii) meet minimum environmental design standards; and (iii) are implemented without creating unnecessary impacts on the environment or nuisances to communities during the construction works. Components of the EMF The framework includes:

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1. Screening criteria and application of relevant frameworks. Projects involving new construction of rehabilitation within protected areas will not be eligible for financing. Projects involving land acquisition, relocation of houses will require the application of the Resettlement Framework. Projects in or near ethnic minority areas, will require the application of the Ethnic Minority Framework.

Criteria Eligibility/Application of frameworks

Project involves new construction, substantial expansion of ROW

Not eligible for financing

Guidelines Key features

1. Screening criteria and application of relevant frameworks

Through simple criteria this screening identifies projects not eligible for financing or those that require the application of resettlement and ethnic minority frameworks

2. Site checklist for improved design Once a project is defined as eligible, the application of this checklist will identify additional environmental or social impacts and specific actions or mitigation measures to be included in the design or to be included as part of environmental specifications for contractors.

3. Environmental specifications for contractors Provides guidelines for the contractor to ensure all environmental impacts identified are avoided or mitigated through application of good engineering practices. This includes waste management, health and safety, borrow areas management, debris disposal etc.

4. Site inspection checklist for improved supervision during construction

Provides guidelines for the onsite Engineer to ensure all environmental provisions laid out in the contract documents and Environmental specifications for contractors are implemented.

5. Training and capacity building Training will be provided on all aspects of sound engineer practices for engineers, contractors and supervisors including a component on community engagement for maintenance.

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Project is located in core areas of national or provincial protected areas

Not eligible for financing

Project will require land acquisition or relocation of households

Application of Resettlement Policy Framework

Project located in or near ethnic minorities, benefits ethnic minorities

Application of Ethnic Minority peoples development Framework

2. Site checklist for improved design. Road designers will apply the proposed checklist and include recommendations in design or in environmental specifications for contractors. (Annex 1),

3. Environmental specifications for Contractors: specifications for contractors will be included in the bidding documents and contracts. (Annex 2).

4. Site inspection checklist for improved supervision during construction. A checklist to be followed by supervision engineers during routine inspection of road rehabilitation activities (Annex 3).

5. Training: FPCD will be responsible for the training under the project.

6. Environmental Completion Inspection Sheet. FPCD supervision group will carry out final check on environmental protection measures when inspecting project quality. (Annex 4)

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Annex 1: Rural Road Screening Criteria Worksheet

This worksheet is designed to assess potential environmental and social impacts associated with project activities on a particular site. The findings can inform the FPCD of potentially sensitive projects that might merit further study to meet World Bank policy requirements.

Criteria Yes/No Description Proposed Mitigations or Enhancements

Location Inside or close to a National Park (existing or planned), reserve, or area of high cultural value?

Are there vulnerable or endangered species (terrestrial or aquatic) in the area?

Are there natural habitats/ancient trees in the alignment?

If there are natural habitats, are they fragile, unique, and limited in size?

Are there wetlands, areas of saturated soils (permanent or temporary), or evidence of ponding (cracks, high clay content in soils, dead vegetation, water marks)?

Is the site already degraded (low groundwater, poor soil quality)?

Are there steep slopes?

Do people live close to the right of way? Site?

Are there existing land uses (ranching, farming)?

Is there existing site access (roads)?

Is the site vulnerable to natural hazards (in floodplain, seismic, wind?

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Are there economic activities along the right of way (vendors)?

Are there known archaeological, historical or other cultural property?

Do indigenous peoples live on or near the site? Physical Impacts Are large excavation works planned? Will a large volume of soil be taken from off-site (quarries and borrow pits)?

Will the project generate an increase in solid wastes or machine wastes (oil, etc)?

Water Resource Impacts Could it result in a modification of groundwater levels by altering flows, paving surfaces or increasing water extraction?

Could it affect groundwater quality?

Could it affect quality (through sediment, wastewater, storm discharge or solid waste) of nearby surface waters (lake, rivers, streams, irrigation canals)?

Will it affect water quantity in nearby water bodies (lake, river, and stream)?

Are there nearby potable water sources that need to be protected?

Ecosystem Impacts Could it affect natural habitats or areas of high ecological value?

Could it affect natural characteristics of adjacent or nearby sites?

Could it affect wildlife or natural vegetation? Ancient trees?

Drainage Impacts

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Will storm water drainage affect existing drainage patterns?

Will it cause standing water, which could cause public health risks?

Will erosion result in sediment discharge to nearby water bodies?

Will surface drainage patterns be affected in borrow pits and quarries?

Will infiltration patterns be affected?

Socio-economic impacts Will the project entail resettlement of population?

Will the project affect indigenous peoples?

Will it limit access to natural resources to local populations?

Will it have an impact on land use? Cultivation patterns

Are there any schools close to the right of way?

Will it cause any health impacts?

Will it disturb nearby communities during construction? Will there be any traffic safety issues during construction

Could cultural resources be affected?

Could it affect nearby properties?

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Annex 2: Environmental Specifications for Contractors

The purpose of this document is to present a simplified EMP to be followed by Contractors in the upgrading, and rehabilitation of rural roads in Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China. The project will include specific language in the construction and engineering supervision contracts which will address the need to implement and enforce aspects such as:

(i) Proper disposal of construction wastes and earth cuts in either landfills or sites approved by the environmental agency;

(ii) The collection and proper disposal of all spent oils and strict prohibitions regarding oil changes of machinery and equipment in the premises;

(iii)control of dust, noise and other nuisances during construction;

(iv) Traffic safety during construction specially in overcrowded areas;

(v) The need to inform neighbors about construction schedules;

(vi) The need for adequate sanitary facilities for workers during the construction period and proper disposal of collected wastes in accordance with the sanitation authorities;

(vii) The need to ensure that all landscape items are finalized in accordance with design before final acceptance of the building; and

(viii) All landscape re-vegetation will be done with native species.

ROLES AND RESPONSABILITIES

Construction supervisor The project supervision shall be implemented based on relevant regulations in Fujian. Large/medium bridges and tunnels shall be supervised publicly by qualified units. Class road rehabilitated or other rural road only hardening works can be supervised by a group of staffs from towns and villages who were trained by county (city, district) communications administration Bureaus. The Supervisor will have the following responsibilities:

• Ensure that the specifications are implemented in compliance with relevant Chinese legislation;

• Assist the Contractor(s) in finding environmentally responsible solutions to problems • Review the implementation of mitigation and other environmental protection measures

during upgrading, rehabilitation, including incorporation of environmental requirements into rehabilitation contracts, enforce other environmental management programs and conduct inspection of the upgrading/rehabilitation sites;

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• Consult and/or communicate to the local communities, project affected people, regulatory agencies, and other stakeholders during the project to ensure them the full knowledge of the project progress, potential issues and mitigation actions, as well as to listen and respond to their concerns, suggestions and demands for environmental and community protection;

• Order the removal of personnel and/or equipment not complying with EMP specifications;

• Issue fines for transgressions of site rules and penalties for contravention of these specifications

The Contractor and Sub-Contractors

The Contractor, his sub-contractor and employees shall adhere to firstly try to minimize the impact that may result of the project activities and secondly, the mitigation measures set down in these specifications to prevent harm and nuisances on local communities and to minimize the negative impacts to the environment.

The duties of the Contractor and his Sub-Contractors include but not limited to:

• Compliance with relevant environmental legislative requirements; • Work within the scope of contractual requirements and other tender conditions; • Organize representatives of the upgrading/rehabilitation team to participate in the joint

site inspections undertaken by the Supervisor; • Carry out any corrective actions instructed by the Supervisor; • Provide and update information to the Supervisor regarding works activities which may

contribute, or be continuing to the generation of adverse environmental conditions; • In case of non-compliances/discrepancies, carry out investigation and submit proposals

on mitigation measures, and implement remedial measures to reduce environmental impact;

• Stop upgrading/rehabilitation activities which generate adverse impacts upon receiving instructions from the Supervisor. Propose and carry out corrective actions and implement alternative rehabilitation method, if required, in order to minimize the environmental impacts;

UPGRADING/REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES

The following information is intended solely as broad guidance to be used in conjunction with local and national regulations. These specifications must be complemented with the results of the environmental screening and environmental design checklists of steps 1 and 2 of the EMF. They can be also extended or simplified even further according to these findings. Before initiation of upgrading and rehabilitation activities, the Contractor shall present the Supervisor with an Upgrading/Rehabilitation Plan which explicitly states how he plans to abide by these specifications. After approval of such Plan by the Supervisor, rehabilitation activities can proceed.

Workforce and Site Installation

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Workforce There are potential of the local available labor from the villages along the road that could participate in the project implementation activities. Priority shall be set by the Contactor(s) and sub-Contractor(s) to hire the local labor for the works. The Contractor shall take the following steps to maximize to use of the local labor:

• Announcement for the position that local labor could participate in the works to every township and villages along the road and corresponding payment;

• Provide work safety training to those local labors upon their hiring.

Code of Conduct A Code of Conduct shall be established to outline the importance of appropriate behavior, alcohol abuse, and compliance with relevant laws and regulations. Each employee shall be informed of The Code of Conduct and bound by it while in the employment of the Client or its Contractors. The Code of Conduct shall be available to local communities at the project information centers or other place easily accessible to the communities. The Code of Conduct shall address the following measures (but not limited to them):

• All of the workforce shall abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China;

• Illegal substances shall be prohibited;

• Pornographic material and gambling shall be prohibited;

• Fighting (physical or verbal) shall be prohibited;

• Creating nuisances and disturbances in or near communities shall be prohibited;

• Disrespecting local customs and traditions shall be prohibited;

• Smoking shall only be allowed in designated areas;

• Maintenance of appropriate standards of dress and personal hygiene;

Failure to comply with the Code of Conduct, or the rules, regulations, and procedures implemented at the construction camp will result in disciplinary actions.

Construction activities Clearing the Right-of-Way

The Contractor shall ensure that vegetation is cleared only in right of way.

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• Whenever possible, communities should be allowed to benefit from cleared vegetation for firewood and other uses.

• Trees should be cut in such a way that they fall longitudinally and not transversally to the right of way alignment. Extra care should be taken to avoid tress from falling down slope with potential risk for communities or traffic below.

• The Contractor shall remove and store the organic layer of the soil to be used for re-vegetation and restoration of affected sites.

Do’s and Don’ts

• Minimize application of chemicals for vegetation clearing.

• Remove and dispose off in approved landfill sites not used for re-vegetation.

• Preserve large or significant trees in camp areas and around access roads. Don’t

• Construct in crop areas where reasonable and practical

• Disturb vegetation outside the areas proposed for clearing.

• Delay re-vegetation and reclamation activities. Avoid embankment fill over incomplete Site clearing

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Natural Habitats

The contractor shall minimize impacts on the natural habitats. • Procurement of any kind of construction material (as quarry or borrow material) from within

the natural habitat shall be strictly prohibited • No water resources within the natural habitat shall be tapped for road construction. • Use of mechanized equipment shall be kept minimum within the natural habitat. Contractor

must ensure that there will be no parking of vehicles machine and equipment within the natural habitat.

• Disposal of construction waste within the natural habitat shall be strictly prohibited and as far as possible reuse shall be undertaken.

• Prohibit and prevent open fires during upgrading/rehabilitation and provide temporary firefighting equipment in the work areas, particularly close to forest areas;

• No hunting, trapping, shooting, poisoning or otherwise disturbance of any fauna shall take place;

• No domestic pets or livestock shall be permitted on site. • When required, animal crossings shall be constructed to help migration of animals; • The Contractor shall be responsible for informing all employees about the need to prevent

any harmful effects on natural vegetation on or around the rehabilitation site as a result of their activities;

• The construction shall be carefully scheduled to reduce the construction period and the blasting operation, so as to minimize the disturbance to the wildlife.

Do’s and Don’ts• Educate contractors and construction workers on wildlife and biodiversity, prior to

construction. • Construction windows shall be established to avoid scheduling of activities during

times critical to wildlife (e.g. nesting, spawning etc.). • When required, construct animal crossings to help movement and migration of animals.

Don’t • Contaminate water due to the usage of water from within the natural habitat. • Cause loss of breeding grounds. • Interrupt animal crossings leading to collision with animals.

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Transport

• The Contractor shall use selected routes to the project site, as agreed with the Engineer, and appropriately sized vehicles suitable to the class of roads in the area. The Contractor shall be held responsible for any damage caused to local roads and bridges due to the transportation of excessive loads, and shall be required to repair such damage to the approval of the Engineer.

• The Contractor shall not use any vehicles, either on or off road with grossly excessive, exhaust or noise emissions. In any built up areas, noise mufflers shall be installed and maintained in good condition on all motorized equipment under the control of the Contractor.

• Adequate traffic control measures shall be maintained by the Contractor throughout the duration of the Contract and such measures shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer.

Waste Management

Solid, sanitation, and, hazardous wastes must be properly controlled, through the implementation of the following measures: • Minimize the production of waste that must be treated or eliminated. • If hazardous wastes such as used oil, batteries, etc. are generated, proper procedures must be

taken regarding their storage, collection, transportation and disposal. • Identify and demarcate disposal areas clearly indicating the specific materials that can be

deposited in each. • Control placement of all construction waste (including earth cuts) to approved disposal sites

(>200 m from rivers, streams, lakes, or wetlands and in accordance to specified standards. Dispose in authorized areas all garbage, metals, used oils, and excess material generated during construction.

Erosion Control

Don’ts

• Tipp waste into stream channels, water bodies, forests and vegetated slopes. • Leave waste after day’s work. It should be cleared. • Cause leaching of wastes. • Litter in construction camps/sites. • Store wastes on private land.

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• Disturb as little ground area as possible, stabilize that area as quickly as possible, control drainage through the area, and trap sediment onsite. Erect erosion control barriers around perimeter of cuts, disposal pits, and roadways

• Conserve topsoil with its leaf litter and organic matter, and reapply this material to local disturbed areas to promote the growth of local native vegetation.

• Apply local, native grass seed and mulch to barren erosive soil areas or closed construction surfaces.

• Apply erosion control measures before the rainy season begins preferably immediately following construction. Install erosion control measures as each construction site is completed.

• In all construction sites, install sediment control structures where needed to slow or redirect runoff and trap sediment until vegetation is established. Sediment control structures include windrows of logging slash, rock beams, sediment catchment basins, straw bales, brush fences, and silt.

• Dispose of unsuitable or excess excavation material in locations that will not cause water quality degradation or other resource damage.

• Control water flow through construction sites or disturbed areas with ditches, beams, check structures, live grass barriers, and rock

• Maintain and reapply erosion control measures until vegetation is successfully established. • Spray water on dirt roads, cuts, fill material and stockpiled soil to reduce wind-induced

erosion, as needed.

Drainage

Do’s and Don’ts

• Remove windrow slash, tops, tree trunks and stumps from the right-of-way at the toe of the fill slope before excavation for erosion control. • Stabilize all disturbed areas, work areas, and temporary roads especially before seasonal shutdowns

Don’t • Disturb unnecessarily large areas. • Leave native soil unprotected against

erosion after new construction or ground disturbance.

• Carry out earthwork and road construction during periods of rain or the winter. Sediments should not be allowed to enter

the drain

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• Drainage structures at construction site shall be provided at the earliest to ensure proper compaction at bridge approaches and at the junction of bridge span and bridge approaches.

• In hill areas sub-surface drains, if required, shall be provided immediately after cutting the slopes and forming the roadbed (sub grade).

• Velocity of runoff should be controlled to avoid formation of rills/gullies. • While working on drainage channels, sediment control measures if required shall be

provided. • Safety devises and flood warning signs to be erected while working over streams and canals.

Earthworks, Cut and Fill Slopes

Well-designed lateral drains

Do’s and Don’ts

• Construct ditches only when necessary. • Construct roads with rolling grades to minimize concentration of

water. • Divert water and stream flows around construction areas as needed

to keep the construction site dry and water quality degradation. • Stabilize disturbed soil around crossings soon after construction. • Remove or protect fill material placed in the channel and

floodplain.

Don’t • Discharge a cross-drain pipe or dip onto any unprotected fill slope or

barren, erosive soil. • Discharge cross-drain pipes mid-height on a fill slope. • Discharge cross-drain pipes or dips onto unstable natural slopes.

Inappropriate design of cross drain. Pipe placement is causing erosion of fill and will affect stability of entire platform

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All earthworks shall be properly controlled, especially during the rainy season.

The Contractor shall maintain stable cut and fill slopes at all times and cause the least possible disturbance to areas outside the prescribed limits of the works.

• The Contractor shall complete cut and fill operations to final cross-sections at any one

location as soon as possible and preferably in one continuous operation to avoid partially completed earthworks, especially during the rainy season.

• In order to protect any cut or fill slopes from erosion, in accordance with the drawings, cut off drains and toe-drains shall be provided at the top and bottom of slopes and be planted with grass or other plant cover. Cut off drains should be provided above high cuts to minimize water runoff and slope erosion.

• Any excavated cut or unsuitable material shall be disposed of in designated disposal areas as agreed to by the Engineer. Any new disposal site proposed by the Contractor during construction will have to be approved by the Engineer and the Supervision Engineer after presentation by the Contractor of a report which includes the justification for this new disposal site and the mitigation and restoration measures that will be implemented if the site is approved.

New disposal sites should not be located where they can cause future slides, interfere with agricultural land or any other properties, or cause soil from the dump to be washed into any watercourse. Drains may need to be dug within and around the tips, as directed by the Engineer

Do’s and Don’ts • In very steep terrain build narrow roads with turnouts, or use

retaining walls as needed. • End-haul most excavated material to stable disposal

sites. • Typically use balanced cut and-fill construction in

gentle terrain. • Compact fill slopes in sensitive areas or when the

fill is constructed with erosive or weak soils. • Use physical and bio-technical slope stabilization

Measures such as retaining structures, buttresses, Brush layering, and drainage, as needed to achieve Stable slopes. Don’t

• Construct vertical cut slopes (except in very well cemented soils and rock).

• Construct where the toe of the fill ends up in the creek. Do not use side-cast fill placement methods on steep slopes next to streams.

• Place fills or “side-casting” materials on natural ground slopes steeper than 60%.

• Leave cut slopes and, particularly, fill slopes barren and

Indiscriminate debris disposal leads to clogging of streams

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Stockpiles and Borrow Pits

Operations of a new borrow area, on land, in a river, or in an existing area, shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer, and the operation shall cease if so instructed by the Engineer. Borrow pits shall be prohibited where they might interfere with the natural or designed drainage patterns. River locations shall be prohibited if they might undermine or damage the river banks, or carry too much fine material downstream. The Contractor shall ensure that all borrow pits used are left in a trim and tidy condition with stable side slopes, and are drained ensuring that no stagnant water bodies are created which could breed mosquitoes. Rock or gravel taken from a river shall be far enough removed to limit the depth of material removed to one-tenth of the width of the river at any one location, and not to disrupt the river flow, or damage or undermine the river banks. The location of crushing plants shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, and not be close to environmentally sensitive areas or to existing residential settlements, and shall be operated with approved fitted dust control devices. In any borrow pit and disposal site, the Contractor shall: • Identify and demarcate locations for stockpiles and borrow pits, ensuring that they are 15

meters away from critical areas including steep slopes, erosion-prone soils, and areas that drain directly into sensitive water bodies.

• Limit extraction of material to approved and demarcated borrow pits. • Stockpile topsoil when first opening the borrow pit. After all usable borrow has been

removed, the previously stockpiled topsoil should be spread back over the borrow area and graded to a smooth, uniform surface, sloped to drain. On steep slopes, benches or terraces may have to be specified to help control erosion.

• Excess overburden should be stabilized and re-vegetated. Where appropriate, organic debris and overburden should be spread over the disturbed site to promote re-vegetation. Natural re-vegetation is preferred to the extent practicable.

• Existing drainage channels in areas affected by the operation should be kept free of overburden.

• Once the job is completed, all construction generated debris should be removed from the site. The operation of the quarry or borrow pit should follow the following practices:

• Deposits should be worked in a systematic manner, generally across or down the slope, so that worked out sections can be rehabilitated and left to re-vegetate without further disturbance.

• Where substantial volumes of waste rock or overburden will be produced by the operation of the quarry, this material should be placed in properly designed dumps, which are located and shaped to blend in with the surrounding landscape.

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• Avoid blasting in overcast and other adverse weather conditions. A regular blasting time should be adhered to and communities notified.

• Quarrying should be carried out in a series of terraces if the material is stable. Orientation of benches should take into account the underlying geology and vantage points from which the quarry is visible. All benches should be self-draining. Each bench should act as a table drain, carrying water along the bench to a suitable discharge point or settling pond. If drainage is allowed to flow down the face from one bench to the next, erosion will occur and the benches may be lost.

• Wherever possible, stripped topsoil should be placed directly onto an area being rehabilitated. This avoids stockpiling and double handling of the soil.

• Topsoil deteriorates in quality while stockpiled. The following practices will help maintain soil quality:

o Topsoil should be kept separate from overburden, gravel and other materials; if possible, windrows of topsoil should not exceed one meter in height to reduce “souring';

o topsoil stockpiles should be protected from erosion; o Growing vegetation on the stockpiles (shrubs or grasses) reduces erosion and will

maintain biological activity in the soil; o Topsoil should not be buried or driven on, as this will damage soil structure. o Soil should be stored somewhere out of the way; and o Excessive handling of topsoil should be avoided.

Do’s and Don’ts

• Develop local borrow pits, quarries and pit-run material sources wherever necessary.

• Reshape, re-vegetate and control erosion in roadside borrow areas to minimize their visual and environmental impacts.

• Conduct quality control with materials testing to guarantee the production of suitable quality material from quarry and borrow pit sources.

Don’t • Use agricultural land • Borrow from industrial and agricultural production Facilities (such as houses, electricity poles, towers etc.) • Borrow from sensitive areas such as nature reserves,

scenic spots, forests, and water source areas.

Borrow areas should be terraced to minimize landslides.

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Disposal of Construction and Vehicle Waste The Contractor shall establish and enforce daily site clean-up procedures, including maintenance of adequate disposal facilities for construction debris. Debris generated due to the dismantling of the existing structures shall be suitably reused, to the extent feasible, in the proposed construction (e.g. as fill materials for embankments). The disposal of remaining debris shall be carried out only at sites identified and approved by the Engineer. The contractor should ensure that these sites (a) are not located within designated forest areas; (b) do not impact natural drainage courses; and (c) do not impact endangered/rare flora. Under no circumstances shall the contractor dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas. In the event any debris or silt from the sites is deposited on adjacent land, the Contractor shall immediately remove such, debris or silt and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All arrangements for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary, will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer.

Safety during Blasting

Due to the narrow characteristics of construction site and the presence of population close to the road, mine exploding for road bed only inner exploding method will be allowed in order to limit soil and stone to be pushed away to fill up river/stream and effect to surrounding houses. The

Dos and Don’ts • Water courses shall be cleared of debris and,

drains and culverts checked to ensure that natural flows are not impeded.

• Include provisions for incorporating the most appropriate stabilization techniques for each disposal site and ensure that the selected spoil disposal sites do not cause unwanted surface drainage.

Don’t • Locate disposal sites within designated forest areas

or other designated protected areas. • Impact natural drainage courses, and endangered and

rare flora. • Dispose solid waste in environmentally sensitive areas.

Avoid disposal sites that can impact water bodies

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Contractor shall present for approval Blasting Plan for each site. The Plan should include the following methods to be applied to ensure safety and minimize environmental impacts: • A blasting plan for each exploding point. The Plan must be available during construction

period • Procedures for management on non-exploding mines or missing exploding points. • All the safety precautions that will be applied during blasting such as:

Radius of dangerous area must be calculated based on site condition (for example: for small exploding the minimize radius of dangerous area is from 300m to 400m) • If practical conditions at the site does not allow the application of standard method to ensure

safety for blasting the Contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer a detail blasting plan for each of the blasting sites that satisfy: (i) create a barrier made of suitable materials to ensure safety, (b) temporary evacuate people and animals before blasting; and (c) blasting using inner exploding method.

• Exploding site must be far away from resident as required by regulations. • Exploding direction must be towards mountain sides or non residential areas and far from

traffic road. • Information systems such as signboards and setting warning surrounding exploding area to

local people and traffic. • Information campaigns to alert local government and communities about blasting schedules

and safety measures. • Provision for lead times (at least 15 min) before actual blasting with sirens that can be heard

far away. • Evacuation people and animals out of exploding area. • Check safety of equipment and workers before returning to normal operations

Nuisance and Dust Control To control nuisance and dust the Contractor should: • Maintain all construction-related traffic at or below 15 mph on streets within 200 m of the

site; • Maintain all on-site vehicle speeds at or below 10 mph. • To the extent possible, maintain noise levels associated with all machinery and equipment at

or below 90 db. • In sensitive areas (including residential neighborhoods, hospitals, etc.) more strict measures

may need to be implemented to prevent undesirable noise levels. • Minimize production of dust and particulate materials at all times. • Carry out phased removal of vegetation to prevent large areas from becoming exposed to

wind.

Don’t • Blast during night time unless prior approval is obtained. • Blast under adverse weather conditions.

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• Spray water at the site, and on dirt roads, cut areas and soil stockpiles or fill material as needed to ensure that dust level at areas close to housing, commercial areas, and recreational areas meets the existing air quality standard.

• Apply proper measures to minimize disruptions from vibration or noise coming from construction activities.

• Heating bitumen should be carried out at least 50 m from any residential area, the heating areas must be at the end of wind direction, be appropriately covered so as the impacts of smoke, dusts and odor onto the surrounding areas are minimized.

Safety during Construction The Contractor’s responsibilities include the protection of every person and nearby property from construction accidents. The Contractor shall be responsible for complying with all national and local safety requirements and any other measures necessary to avoid accidents, including the following: • Carefully and clearly mark pedestrian-safe access routes; • If school children are in the vicinity, include traffic safety personnel to direct traffic during

school hours; • Maintain supply of supplies for traffic signs (including paint, sign material, etc.), road

marking, and guard rails to maintain pedestrian safety during construction; • Conduct safety training for construction workers prior to beginning work; • Provide personal protective equipment and clothing (gloves, dust masks, boots, etc.,) for

construction workers and enforce their use; • Post Material Safety Data Sheets for each chemical present on the worksite; • Require that all workers read, or are read, all Material Safety Data Sheets. • During heavy rains or emergencies of any kind, suspend all work and mobilize resources for

mitigation actions. • Brace electrical and mechanical equipment to withstand seismic events during the

construction.

Dos and Don’ts • Restrict all operations that result in undue noise to local communities and/or dwellings

(e.g. blasting, crushing) during daylight hours or as agreed. • Apply proper measures to minimize disruptions from vibration or noise coming from

construction activities. • Construction vehicles shall comply with speed limits and haul distances shall be

minimized. Don’t

• Burn waste and/or garbage. • Expose soil and stockpiles preventing wind erosion.

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• Set up nets, fences or traps to prevent rocks, trees, and soil from falling down slope which can put communities or traffic at risk.

Proper signage during and after construction

Environmental Emergency Procedures In the event that accidental leakage or spillage of diesel/chemicals/chemical wastes takes place, the following response procedures shall be followed immediately by the Contractor: The person who has identified the leakage/spillage shall immediately check if anyone is injured and shall then inform the Contractor and Engineer • The Contractor shall ensure any injured persons are treated and assess what has

spilled/leaked; • Should the accidents / incidents generate serious environmental pollution (e.g. spillage /

leakage of toxic or chemicals, large scale spillage / leakage, or spillage / leakage into the nearby water bodies which are used for irrigation / portable water), the Superintending Engineer should be immediately informed;

• In such cases, the Contractor shall take immediate action to stop the spillage / leakage and divert the spilled / leaked liquid to nearby non-sensitive areas;

• The Contractor shall arrange maintenance staff with appropriate protective clothing to clean up the chemicals/chemical waste.

• Depending on the nature and extent of the chemical spill, evacuation of the activity site may be necessary.

• Spilled chemicals must not be flushed to local surface drainage systems. Instead, sawdust or sandbags used for clean-up and removed contaminated soil shall be disposed of by following the procedures for chemical waste handling and disposal already described.

The possibility exists for environmental emergencies of an unforeseen nature to occur during the course of the construction and operational phases of the project. By definition, the nature of such emergencies cannot be known. Therefore, the Contractor shall respond on a case-by-case basis to such emergencies and shall initiate event-specific measures in terms of notifications and reactions.

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The Contractor shall prepare a report on the incident detailing the accident, clean-up actions taken, any pollution problems and suggested measures to prevent similar accidents from happening again in future. The incident report shall then be submitted for review and keep in the records. Workforce and Camps (if proposed by Contractor) The Contractor should, whenever possible, locally recruit the majority of the workforce and shall provide appropriate training as necessary. • In every site adequate and suitable facilities for washing clothes and utensils shall be

provided and maintained for the use of contract labor employed therein. Separate and adequate bathing facilities shall be provided for the use of male and female workers. Such facilities shall be conveniently accessible and shall be kept in clean and hygienic conditions.

• Sanitary arrangements, latrines and urinals shall be provided in every camp sites on the following scale: • Where female workers are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for about every 25

females. • Where males are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for about every 25 males. • Every latrine shall be under cover and so partitioned off as to secure privacy, and shall

have a proper door and fastenings. • Where workers of both sexes are employed, each latrine or urinal must be lockable from

inside, and outside of each block there must be a notice in the language understood by the majority of the workers “For Men” or “For Women” as the case may be.

• The latrines and urinals shall be adequately lighted and shall be maintained in a clean sanitary condition at all times and

• Water shall be provided in or near the latrines and urinals by storage in drums.

• A sick bay and first aid station. First aid box shall be provided at every construction campsite and under the charge of a responsible person who shall always be readily available during working hours of the work place. He shall be adequately trained in administering first aid-treatment. Formal arrangement shall be prescribed to make motor transport available to carry injured person or person suddenly taken ill to the nearest clinic or hospital.

• Waste disposal facilities shall be provided: • Disposal of sanitary wastes and excreta shall be into septic tanks. • Kitchen wastes shall be disposed into soak pits. • All camp facilities shall be maintained in a safe clean and or appropriate condition

throughout the construction period. • Fire prevention policy shall be in place. Explosive materials storage must be away from residential areas, administrative areas or other public areas, the location of the storage must be accepted, approved by relevant authority and comply with existing regulations. Site Restoration

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At the completion of the construction work, all construction camp facilities shall be dismantled and removed from the site and the whole site restored to a similar condition to that prior to the commencement of the works or to a condition agreed to with the owner of the land. Soak pits and septic tanks shall be covered and effectively sealed off.

Prohibitions The following activities are prohibited on or near the project site: 1. Cutting of trees for any reason unless approved; 2. Hunting, fishing, wildlife capture and poaching, or plant collection; 3. Buying of wild animals or their meat for food or any other purposes; 4. Disturbance to anything with architectural or historical value; 5. Building fires outside camp areas without authorization; 6. Use of firearms (except authorized security guards); 7. Use of alcohol by workers during working hours 8. Washing car or machinery in streams or creeks. 9. Carrying out maintenance (change of oils and filters) of cars and equipment outside

authorized areas 10. Littering of the site and disposing trash in unauthorized places 11. Control of construction plants or vehicles by unauthorized person. 12. Driving at speeds exceeding limits.

Dos and Don’ts

• Camp areas shall be located to allow effective natural drainage. • Camp areas should be properly landscaped to avoid

unnecessary erosion. • Maintain housing facilities in clean and sanitary

conditions. Don’t

• Locate offices, camps, depots, storage areas (for diesel, bitumen), mixing stations and asphalt plants within 50 meters of watercourses; • Locate worker camps and construction sites within 200 meters of existing residential settlements and within 1,000 meters for asphalt plants; • Locate worker camps in sensitive areas such as nature reserves, scenic spots, forests, water source protection areas, etc.; and Poor housing and sanitary facilities

• Locate worker camps and construction areas in the agriculture fields.

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13. Having caged wild animals (especially birds) in camps. 14. Working without safety equipment (including gloves, boots and masks) 15. Creating nuisances and disturbances in or near communities 16. Disrespecting local customs and traditions 17. The use of rivers and streams for washing of clothes. 18. The use of welding equipment, oxy-acetylene torches and other bare flames where fires

constitute a hazard. 19. Indiscriminate disposal of rubbish or construction wastes or rubble. 20. Spillage of potential pollutants, such as petroleum products. 21. Collection of firewood. 22. Latrine outside of the designated facilities. 23. Burning of wastes and/or cleared vegetation.

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Annex 3: Environmental Site Inspection Checklist

Name of Road: Site Location Stage of construction: Inspected By: Date: Time: Weather:

Inspection Item

Yes

No

N/A

Remarks (i.e. specify location, good practices, problem observed, possible cause of nonconformity and/or proposed corrective/preventative actions)

Water Pollution Control 1. Is any wastewater being discharged into

water bodies? Is the wastewater being treated?

2. Are there provisions for proper removal of silt?

3. Are sandbags/earth bund adopted to prevent washing away of sand/silt and wastewater to drains, catch pit, public road and footpath?

4. Are vehicles and plants cleaned before leaving the site?

5. Are wheel washing facilities well maintained to prevent overflow, flooding sediment?

6. Is sand and silt settled out in wheel washing bay and removed?

7. Is the public road/area around the site entrance and site hoarding kept clean and free of muddy water?

8. Is domestic water directed to septic tanks? 9. Others (please specify)

Air Pollution 10. Are the construction sites watered to

minimize dust generated?

11. Are dusty roads paved and/or sprayed with water?

12. Are dust controlled during rock/ stone

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Inspection Item Yes

No

N/A


breaking? 13. Are plant and equipment well maintained?

(any black smoke observed, please indicate the plant/equipment and location)

14. Are there enclosures around the main dust-generating activities? (e.g. grout mixing)

15. Others (please specify)

Waste Management 16. Is the site kept clean and tidy?

(e.g. litter free, good housekeeping)

17. Are construction wastes /recyclable wastes and general refuse removed off site regularly?

18. Are chemical wastes properly stored and labeled?

19. Are chemical wastes, if any, collected and disposed of properly by licensed collectors?

20. Are oil drums and plants/equipments provided with drip trays?

21. Are drip trays free of oil and water? 22. Is there any oil spillage? Was the

contaminated soil cleaned immediately?

23. Is litter, foam or other objectionable matters in nearby water drain/sewer cleaned?

24. Others (please specify) Storage of Chemicals and Dangerous Items

25. Are chemicals stored and labeled properly? 26. Are there proper measures to control oil

spillage or to control other chemicals spillage? (e.g. provision of drip trays)

27. Are spill kits / sand / saw dust used for absorbing chemical spillage readily accessible?

28. Others (please specify) Protection of Natural Habitats

29. Is the project close to a critical Natural

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Inspection Item Yes

No

N/A


Habitat? (i.e 1-5Km) 30. If yes, what measures are being taken to

minimize impacts to the Natural Habitat?

31. Are adequate measures being taken to minimize disturbance to surrounding flora?

32. Are adequate measures being taken to minimize disturbance to fauna?

33. Are hunting or illegal logging activities taking place?

Resource Conservation 34. Is water pipe leakage and wastage

prevented? 35. Are diesel-powered plants and equipments

shut off while not in use to reduce excessive use?

36. Are materials stored in good condition to prevent deterioration and wastage (e.g. covered, separated)?

37. Others (please specify) Borrow Pits/Disposal sites

38. Has a quarry or borrow pit exploitation plan been prepared?

39. Are locations for stockpiles and borrow pits demarcated and at least 15 meters away from critical areas?

40. Has the top soil been stockpiled before using the borrow pit?

41. Are excavated cut or unsuitable material disposed of only in designated disposal areas?

42. Have any new disposal areas been approved prior to use?

Drainage 43. Have all drains been constructed as laid out

in the project designs?

44. Are additional drainage structures required especially in hilly areas?

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Inspection Item Yes

No

N/A


45. Are all drains discharging into identified outfalls capable of handling the discharge?

46. Will discharge from any drainage structure lead to flooding or affect fields/property?

Erosion Control 47. Have adequate slope stabilization measures

been taken around perimeter of cuts, disposal pits, and roadways in hilly areas?

48. Have erosion control measures been taken before the rainy season begins?

49. Is water sprayed on dirt roads, cuts, fill material and stockpiled soil to reduce wind-induced erosion?

50. Have cut off drains and toe-drains been provided at the top and bottom of slopes and be planted with grass or other plant cover to protect any cut or fill slopes from erosion?

51. Is blasting being carried out as per the blasting plan?

Safety 52. Are adequate measures taken such as proper

signage and guard rails to maintain pedestrian safety during construction?

53. Do construction workers have personal protective equipment and clothing (gloves, dust masks, boots, etc)?

54. Have nets, fences or traps to prevent rocks, trees, and soil from falling down slopes been placed?

55. Have traffic diversions/closure of traffic been intimated to the public?

Workers Camp 56. Have Sanitary arrangements latrines and

urinals been provided in every camp sites?

57. Is there a demarcated first aid station? 58. Are septic tanks provided for disposal of

sanitary wastes and excreta?

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Inspection Item Yes

No

N/A


59. Are measures to ensure that no leaching of oil and grease into water bodies or underground water takes place?

Emergency Preparedness and Response 60. Are fire extinguishers / fighting facilities

properly maintained and not expired? Escape not blocked / obstructed?

61. Are accidents and incidents reported and reviewed, and corrective & preventive actions identified and recorded?

62. Others (please specify)

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Annex 4Environmental Completion Inspection Sheet for AF of Fujian Highway Sector Investment Project

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