MASHUDU MUNDALAMOCHIEF DIRECTORATE: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE

CHANGE mmundalamo@deat.gov.za

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

THEME:ALL HANDS ON THE DECK TOWARDS LOW CARBON ECONOMY

Overview of this Presentation

South African Energy System

The Science of Climate Change

Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management

Energy Efficiency Interventions in South Africa

Energy Efficiency Measures at Residential Homes

Background of the South African Energy System

• South Africa is the most industrialized country in Africa, Its economy is highly dependent on energy production and use, making it one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world.

• The South African economy is energy-intensive.

• Coal provides 78% of the fossil fuel demand and accounts for 91% of electricity generation.

Energy Supply in South Africa

78

102

73

0102030405060708090

Coal Crude Oil Gas RenewableEnergy

Nuclear

Energy Sources

Greenhouse Gas SourcesCarbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector

for South Africa

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

Gg

1990 1994

Electricity

Other EnergyIndustries

Industry

Transport

Commercial Residential

Agriculture

IndustrialProcesses

Energy Sector

Continues..• The bulk of GHG emissions in South Africa come from the energy sector,

whereby the sectors contributed 78% of South Africa’s total greenhouse gas emissions in 1994, and more than 90% of carbon dioxide emissions.

• South African’s emissions intensity and per capita are relatively high as compared to other non-OECD countries and developing countries.

• An energy –intensive economy and high dependence on coal for primary energy is a major reason for this pattern.

• Being an is a non-Annex 1 country. South Africa has generally taken the approach of sustainable development to create a platform for developing into a low carbon society.

• energy efficiency is seen as being critical toward achieving such objective.

Two way interaction between susistanable development and climate change

SustainableDevelopment

Climate Change

Energy supply options with low GHG emissions/ Low carbon economy i.e. Energy Efficiency

GHG emissions from energySupply/ energy intensive

industry

CLIMATET CHANGE

Climate change is defined as a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere.

Climate change represents a change in the long-term weather patterns

They can become warmer or colder. Annual amounts of rainfall or snowfall can increase or decrease

This is due to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Green House Effect

Global mean temperatures are rising faster with time

100 0.0740.018

Warmest 12 years:1998,2005,2003,2002,2004,200

6, 2001,1997,1995,1999,1990,200

0

Period Rate 50 0.1280.026

Years /decade

Residential and Load Management

Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management

• EE Refers to initiatives that are aimed at reducing the energy used by specific end-use devices and systems

• DSM is the process whereby an electricity supplier influences the way electricity is used by consumers.

• There is indeed a great potential for energy efficiency and Demand Side Management in South Africa , across a range of sectors.

Benefits of Energy Efficiency and DSM

Energy Efficiency• Saving electricity • Preservation of non renewable resources• Conserving the environment by reducing GHG gas emissions.• Improve the health of the nation• Alleviate energy poverty• Job creation

DSM• Reduce demand during peak times • Keep electricity costs down

Energy Efficiency Interventions in south africa

• South African Energy Efficiency strategy aims to improve energy efficiency by 15% in 2015.

• Efficient ligtining Programme: initiated by GEF and co funded by Eskom to disseminate of CFLs to low income households

• Eskom’s DSM Programme; focus on load management, industrial equipment and efficient lightining

Continues..

• Promotion of Renewable Energy that can replace the use of fossils fuels.

• Several energy efficiency projects are already implemmmented on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects.

• Minister signed EE accord with more than 32 mining and industrial companies signed in 2005 and 5 more joined in 2006. Voluntary agreement to achieve targets.

• Installing of solar panel on street and traffic lights by various municipalities across South Africa.

• Roll out of Basa Njengo Magogo” (BnM) technology

• DEAT to launch Clean Fire Campaign in a month time

Energy Efficiency Measures at Residential Homes

• Improved energy efficiency of lightning's by using compact fluorescent lights lamps (CFL) instead of ordinary bulbs

• Use low energy lamps for exterior lightining• Improved heat insulation and building designs• Install geyser blanket• Install aerated shower heads to minimize hot water consumption• Defrost freezers regularly• Switch lights off• Dont leave electrical appliances switched on when not in use.

Conclusion

• Republic of South Africa is one of few countries in the world with an energy Efficiency strategy.

• The EE has so far contributed to many positives changes in the energy sector.

• EE has become an important measure world wide in the fight against climate change

NDO LIVHUWA!