ENGLISH PHONOLOGY

SUCI CHAIRUNISSA 201212501140LIA NURJANAH 201212501170

ENGLISH PHONOLOGY

WHAT IS STRESS

SUPRASEGMENTALS STRESS

DEFINITION DERIVITIONAL

SUFFIXIES

AFFECT STRESS

WHAT IS STRESS

IS THE DEGREE OF LOUDNESS GIVEN

TO SOME SYLLABLESIN RELATION TO OTHER

WHAT IS STRESS

CHARACTERISTICS OF STRESS

• LOUDER IN VOLUME

• LONGER IN DURATION

• HIGHER IN PITCH

WHEN A SYLLABLE IS STRESSED, IT IS PRONOUNCED :

LEVEL OF STRESS

Unstressed : having no recognizable amount of prominence.

Primary Stress (‘) : stress which the most

prominenceSecondary stress (,) :

stronger than unstressed but weaker than the

primary stress

EXAMPLE OF WORD STRESS

SUPRASEGMENTAL STRESS

SUPRASEGMENTAL IS A VOCAL EFFECT THE EXTENDS

OVER MORE THAN ONE SOUND SEGMENT IN AN UTTERANCE

SUCH AS :• STRESS• PICTH• INTONATION • TONE• TEMPO

DERIVATIONAL

DEFINITION DERIVATIONAL

THE PROCESS OF FORMING A NEW

WORD ON THE BASIS OF

AN EXISTING WORD

SUFFIXES

SUFFIXESIs a group of letters placed at the end 

of a word to make a newword.

A suffix can make a new word in one of two ways:• Inflectional (grammatical)• Derivational (the new word has a new meaning, "derived" from the original word)

EXAMPLE

AFFECT STRESS

AFFECT STRESS

  A word is normally stressed on the first syllable, unless there is a reason to put the stress somewhere else. Stressing the wrong syllable in a word can make the word very difficult to hear and understand Mistakes in word stress are a common cause of misunderstanding in English Some derivational suffixes do not affect the stress while others do

EXAMPLE

WORDS SUFFIX AFTER ADDING SUFFIX

‘comfort

‘-able’ ‘comfortable’

‘wonder ‘-ful’ ‘wonderful’

‘amaze ‘-ing’ ‘amazing’

‘person ‘-age’ ‘personage’

‘refuse ‘-al’ ‘refusal’

derivational suffixes do not affect the stress