environmental report - 水務署

�� !ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

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WSD ANNUAL REPORT 2002-2003 19

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In keeping with our strong

commitment to environmental

sustainability, we place over-riding priority

on ensuring our water production process

is in harmony with our environment.

�� !Main Tasks

�� !Environmental Goal

�� !Environmental Policy

�� !Management Framework

�� New Initiatives

�� !"Aims and Achievements

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Water’sLife

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ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT


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MAIN TASKSThe main tasks of the WSD include:

Planning and managing waterresources and supply systems.

Designing and constructingwaterworks projects.

Operating and maintaining thesupply and distribution systems.

Controlling the quality of watersupply.

Providing customer services andenforcing waterworks legislation.

ENVIRONMENTAL GOALTo meet the existing water demandwithout undermining the ability to copewith the future needs, WSD iscommitted to providing wholesomewater of the highest quality in asustainable and environmentallyfriendly manner.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICYIn pursuit of its environmental goal,WSD will make all effort to:

POLLUTION PREVENTIONPrevent pollution by reducing thedischarge of effluent from watertreatment works and servicereservoirs, cutting down on solidand liquid waste, as well as

chemical waste from workshops andlaboratories, reducing emissionsfrom diesel engines and the like,and reducing noise from pumpingstations.

MINIMIZATION OF ENERGY ANDRESOURCES USEReduce the use of energy andresources through savings inelectricity and fuel per unit ofproduction, by the optimum use ofwater and cutting down on waterloss through leakage, and byreducing office waste, as well asthe use of timber in constructionsites, and, where possible, byusing less chemicals such as

chlorine, lime and alum in thewater treatment process.

MINIMIZATION OFENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTEnsure, through strict WSDsupervision, that construction workis properly carried out so that thereis minimum disruption of theenvironment and proper handling ofmaterials for disposal.

COMPLIANCEStrictly enforce compliance with allenvironmental legislation andregulations, and take steps toremedy situations where there isnon-compliance.

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COMMUNICATIONCommunicate with customers,suppliers and the general public onour environmental policies andperformance and raise staff’senvironmental awareness andknowledge through proper training.

MANAGEMENTFRAMEWORKAlthough we have not been able tosecure the necessary resources forthe establishment of an ISO 14001Environmental Management System(EMS), we have been reinforcing ourenvironmental care by putting in placea framework to systematically co-ordinate the diverse activities of theservices provided to the public inconformity with our environmentallyfriendly practices and goals as well asrelevant legislation.

NEW INITIATIVESThe following new measures are eitherbeing put into effect or are beingplanned:

Developing measurement andreporting systems for solid wasteproduction, environmentalexpenditure and internal water use.

Identifying more environmentallyfriendly methods to reduce landfillwaste disposal and working withsuppliers in an attempt to reducewaste.

Using more recycled products andimplementing environmentalprocurement criteria for supplycontracts.

Replacing air-cooled air conditioningsystems with more energy-efficientwater-cooled air conditioningsystems to reduce the energyconsumption of workshops, watertreatment works and officebuildings.

Stepping up pressure management,continuous monitoring and districtmetering to reduce network leakage.

Expediting mains replacement andrehabilitation to reduce leakage.

Use of variable-speed pumps anddirect feed mode in sea watersupply system to improve efficiency.A desktop study was completed inthe year.

Installation of online power metersand pump efficiency meters forcondition monitoring of majorpumping stations.

Specifying energy efficiencyrequirements in the construction ofnew water treatment works.

Conducting surveys to gaugecustomer perception of ourenvironmental performance.


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AIMS AND ACHIEVEMENTSSome of the measures already taken in compliance with our environmental objectives:

Policy Minimization of Energy and Resources Use

Aim Improvement of energy efficiency of water supply operations.

Measures Taken Taking forward new energy saving initiatives and monitoring progress of existing measuresthrough the Energy Management Committee (EMC).

Promoting staff awareness on energy conservation through the EMC homepage on Intranet.

Conducting energy audits at waterworks installations to identify areas for improving energyefficiency. Detailed audits were completed and recommended improvement measures arebeing carried out at Tuen Mun Water Treatment Works and Pumping Station, Tai Po Tau RawWater Pumping Stations, Sheung Shui Water Treatment Works and Pumping Station, Sai O RawWater Pumping Station, Tsuen Wan Raw Water Pumping Station, Ngau Tam Mei WaterTreatment Works and Shum Wan Shan Fresh Water Pumping Station.

Closely monitoring the efficiency of pumpsets. More than 310 pump tests were conducted - anincrease of 18 per cent for the year.

Developing baseline targets for electricity consumption.

Replacing old and less efficient pumping plant by new and energy efficient models. Pumpsets infour pumping stations were replaced and work was being done at 28 other pumping stations.

Regular review and rescheduling of plant replacement programme to ensure highest possibleenergy savings.

Using more durable stainless steel pumpsets for new salt water pumping stations to increasepumping efficiency. The pumpset replacement of all existing salt water pumping stations willbe completed in stages by 2006.

Putting in place a computer programme to capture and monitor electricity consumption toreplace manual electricity consumption data collection.

Monthly monitoring of electricity consumption pattern of major waterworks installations againstbaseline targets.

Replacing the conventional fluorescent lighting fittings with energy efficient T8/T5 fluorescenttubes and electronic ballasts.

Use of surplus raw water at high-level storage reservoirs in place of sea water for flushing tosave energy used in sea water pumping. Raw water supply to Aberdeen Salt Water ServiceReservoirs commenced in February 2003.


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Changing the level control settings of service reservoirs to increase off-peak pumping.Modification work for three service reservoirs was completed in the year and work on fivemore service reservoirs will be completed in December 2003.

Providing staff with necessary training and instructions on energy management andguidelines on monitoring energy efficiency of installations.

Promotion of staff interest by holding competitions on “Energy Efficient and EnvironmentallyFriendly Design Projects” and “Best Performance Region in Energy Savings”.

Developing computer programmes to help operational staff to prepare pump schedulingtables for pumping stations.

Speeding up the collection and analysis of data on plant operations and electricityconsumption by providing an easy access to the online and historical plant operations datathrough Intranet. The work on two Regions was completed in the year.

Conducting regular pump scheduling reviews to reduce electricity consumption.

Aim Reduction of water loss through network leakage to cut energy consumption and reduceproduction of solid waste resulting from water treatment.

Measures Taken Implementing proactive leak detection and pressure management programme in thedistribution network. This stopped daily loss of 0.18 million cubic metres of fresh water and27 000 cubic metres of sea water.

Implementing measures to minimize the isolation and repair time for mains bursts.

Implementation of a massive mains replacement and rehabilitation programme.

Holding internal competitions on attending leak repairs and mains bursts as well asreporting leaking fire hydrants and mains.

Aim Reduction of water consumption in water treatment and other areas of our operations.

Measures Taken Recycling backwash water after filter cleaning.

Encouraging water conservation among staff.

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Aim Promotion of efficient water use through demand management and providingalternative sources.

Measures Taken Adoption of individual metering and a pricing strategy to promote conservation.

Use of sea water for flushing.

Promotion of use of low-flow flushing cistern and dual-flushing toilet.

Aim Reduction of paper consumption and wastage.

Measures Taken Making the most of used papers for memos and incoming faxes and cutting down on photocopying.

Eliminating or automating paper-based procedures by making greater use of informationtechnology such as Customer Care and Billing System (CCBS), Geographical Information System(GIS), etc. The Electronic Document Management System (EDMS) making use of e-mails andelectronic filing to handle customer applications and enquiries will be commissioned inDecember 2003.

Use of plain paper fax machines and double-side photocopiers.

Printing on both sides of paper for tender documents and reports.

Use of fax machine capable of receiving e-mail.

Printing of multi-page documents on one A4 sheet by making use of a new computer software.

Making use of Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) for field work.

Reducing paper use by circulation of internal newsletter instead of distribution of personal copies.

Reduction in printing of promotional materials such as newsletters, leaflets, performancepledge, etc.

Aim Reduction of other office waste.

Measures Taken Implementing the Integrated Materials and Job Record Management System (IMJRMS) toreduce printing of reports and vouchers.

Use of cost-saving and environmentally friendly stationery products such as recyclable tonercartridges, clutch pencils, and reusable envelopes and loose minute jackets.

Collecting more waste paper for recycling and purchasing more durable products.


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Policy Pollution Prevention and Minimization of Environmental Impact

Aim Reduction of environmental impact arising from discharge of effluent, oil and solid waste.

Measures Taken Providing sludge treatment and dewatering facilities in allexisting and new water treatment works to converttreatment waste into sludge cakes for disposal toappropriate landfill sites.

Optimizing dosages of chemicals to reduce solid waste fromwater treatment.

Using a mobile treatment unit to treat effluent arising fromcleaning of service reservoirs before discharging into thedrainage system.

Use of gas and vacuum circuit breakers to reduce theconsumption of hydrocarbon oil and generation of waste oilduring maintenance.

Aim Minimization of environmental impact associated with water supply operations,construction and maintenance works, etc.

Measures Taken Requiring contractors to dispose of construction and demolition waste at approved landfill sitesand to comply strictly with air and noise emissions legislation.

Replacing diesel-driven pumpsets with electric pumpsets and minimizing running time ofexisting diesel-driven pumpsets and replacing fire fighting systems of halon with FM 200.

Replacement of gas chlorination plant by electrochlorinators at salt water pumping stations.

Aim Protection of water gathering grounds from pollution.

Measures Taken Enforcement of the Waterworks Ordinance prohibiting polluting discharges in water gatheringgrounds.

Controlling developments in water gathering grounds to prevent pollution.

Monitoring closely the activities and water quality in water gathering grounds in conjunction withother relevant government departments.

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Policy Compliance

Aim Achievement of full compliance with environmental legislation.

Measures Taken Replacement and disposal of asbestos cement pipes in accordance with the Air PollutionControl Ordinance.

Monitoring construction and maintenance works by contractors to ensure full compliance withthe regulations on noise and air pollution.

Processing all effluent from water treatment works and service reservoir cleaning beforedischarge into the drainage system.

Proper disposal of chemical wastes, transformer oil, etc.

Conducting Environmental Impact Assessment of all major capital projects and reducing anynegative impact associated with projects.

Developing comprehensive emergency procedures and contingency plans to manageemergencies like leakage of chlorine and failure of major systems.

Policy Communication

Aim Raising public awareness of water conservation and environmental protection.

Measures Taken Promotion of water conservation measures on homepage and posters.

Holding open days and organizing tours to water treatment works for schools, educationalinstitutions and youth centres.

Holding roving exhibitions at housing estates and other populated areas.

Setting up game booths and displayingexhibits relating to water conservation inpopular events such as Hong KongEnvironmental Protection Festival.

Giving talks and showing exhibits insecondary schools.

Putting Environmental Report on homepage.

Putting ‘Save Water’ slogan in posters,leaflets, water bills and homepage.

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ENERGY CONSUMPTIONAs a major consumer of electricity inHong Kong, we have been placinggreat emphasis on efficient use ofenergy. Our energy efficiency iscarefully monitored by an EnergyManagement Committee whichconsiders and takes forward energysaving measures that include energyauditing, regular monitoring ofsystems performance and electricityconsumption, optimizing plantoperation schedules, replacement ofold plants and reduction in pumpingraw water.

However, due mainly to an increase inwater consumption, and thecommissioning of new installations,electricity consumption rose slightly by3.8 per cent to 718 million kilowatthours (kwh). Electricity consumptionarising largely from the operations ofwater treatment works and pumpingstations depends on the amount ofwater delivered, average pumpinghead, yield from rainfall and theamount of water storage.

Last few years have seen a decline inper capita and unit electricityconsumption for fresh water supply.The increase in both in the past yearhas been due to a surge inconsumption from March 2003 as aresult of the SARS outbreak. The risein the unit electricity consumption forsea water supply from 1998 to 2001was, however, reversed in 2002 dueto the use of more durable materialsin our sea water pumping system.

More than 310 pump tests wereconducted for close monitoring of thepumping efficiency. Meanwhile,feasibility studies and trial runs havebeen carried out on new energymanagement methods including useof raw water to supplement sea waterfor flushing, implementation of pumpscheduling to increase off-peakpumping, replacement of fixed-speedpumps with variable-speed pumps toincrease efficiency.

Some statistical details of energyconsumption:


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EFFICIENCY OFWATER USEAs a direct result of conservationefforts, the per capita dailyconsumption of water had increasedat only a modest pace in the past fewyears. This had been achieved against

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has been cut down with thedeployment of additional noise loggersin the sea water supply network. Aspressure management has provedeffective in reducing network leakage,a plan is underway to extend it tomajor supply zones. For continuousmonitoring of supply network toreduce water loss, more wastedetection areas (WDAs) are beingconverted to district metering areas(DMAs) and additional GSM dataloggers have been installed in DMAs.

a backdrop of a rise in living standardand highly subsidized water charges.Due to a surge in water consumptionas a result of SARS outbreak in early2003, the pace of the per capitadomestic fresh water consumptionincreased slightly. There was no changein the per capita use for flushing.

There has been encouraging progressin reducing water loss through ourcontinuing leak detection programme.Loss of sea water from mains leakage


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WASTE REDUCTIONThere was a slight rise in overallconsumption of paper and use ofenvelopes but a decrease in the useof forms. The consumption of recycledand green products, mostly officeconsumables, increased marginallyand about 46 tonnes of used paperwas collected for recycling.

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Work continues on replacement ofdiesel-driven pumpsets withelectrically-operated ones. Three ofthe remaining four diesel pumpingstations are due for replacement in2003 to 2007.

environmental report - 水務署

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