ep7. how to exegete john 20 v 19-23 web v

8/14/2019 EP7. How to exegete John 20 v 19-23 WEB V

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John 20:19-23John 20:19-23Jesus appearance to HisJesus appearance to His

disciplesdisciplesExegesis TutorialExegesis Tutorial

Class workClass workwithwith tutorial model answerstutorial model answers

ByBy

Paul BurgessPaul Burgesswithwith

Peter PercyPeter Percy

*PCJB

PP Presentationdevised and prepared

forGujranwala Theological Seminary

may be copied for non-commercial use onlyMay 2009


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Why PowerPoint?

Clarity of outlineCentral formatting

Use few words per frame

One unit of thought to each line

Ease of editing / manipulating text

Force of impact


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This Presentation

Is prepared foruseusein the classroomin the classroom(using a multimedia projector beamed onto a whitewall or screen; or a wide screen monitor for smallgroups (2-10))

Can be easily adaptedeasily adapted by the teacher Allows forclass interactionclass interaction with the text

(using the edit mode for class suggestions, e.g.

for best lay out of the Scripture text)


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John 20:19-23John 20:19-23

On the evening of that first day of the week, when theOn the evening of that first day of the week, when thedisciples were together, with the doors locked for fear ofdisciples were together, with the doors locked for fear ofthe Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said,the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said,"Peace be with you! After he said this, he showed them"Peace be with you! After he said this, he showed them

his hands and side. The disciples were overjoyed whenhis hands and side. The disciples were overjoyed whenthey saw the Lord. Again Jesus said, "Peace be withthey saw the Lord. Again Jesus said, "Peace be withyou! As the Father has sent me, I am sending you. Andyou! As the Father has sent me, I am sending you. Andwith that he breathed on them and said, "Receive thewith that he breathed on them and said, "Receive theHoly Spirit. If you forgive anyone his sins, they areHoly Spirit. If you forgive anyone his sins, they are

forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are notforgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are notforgiven.forgiven.


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Listing the IDEASListing the IDEAS On the evening of that first day of the week,On the evening of that first day of the week, when the disciples were together,when the disciples were together, with the doors lockedwith the doors locked for fear of the Jews,for fear of the Jews, Jesus cameJesus came and stood among themand stood among them and said, "Peace be with you!and said, "Peace be with you! After he said this,After he said this,

he showed them his hands and side.he showed them his hands and side. The disciples were overjoyedThe disciples were overjoyed when they saw the Lord.when they saw the Lord. Again Jesus said, "Peace be with you!Again Jesus said, "Peace be with you! As the Father has sent me,As the Father has sent me, I am sending you.I am sending you.

And with that he breathed on themAnd with that he breathed on them and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit.and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive anyone his sins,If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven;they are forgiven; if you do not forgive them,if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.they are not forgiven.


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Shaping the STRUCTURE

This is often the most difficult step in this method of exegesis

as there is no perfect answer.

But the main idea is to bring to attention the grammaticalstructure

This relates closely to the questions about

who is doing what, where, when, how and why

(another way of doing grammar!)

So please note the differences between

the Classs analysis

and

the Tutors analysis!


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Class ResponseClass Response

Shaping the STRUCTUREShaping the STRUCTURE

On the evening of that first day of the week,On the evening of that first day of the week,

when the discipleswhen the disciples

were together,were together,

with the doors lockedwith the doors locked

for fear of the Jews,for fear of the Jews,

Jesus cameJesus came

and stood among themand stood among them

and said,and said,

"Peace be with you!"Peace be with you!After he said this,After he said this,

he showed them his hands and side.he showed them his hands and side.

The disciplesThe disciples

were overjoyedwere overjoyed

when they saw the Lord.when they saw the Lord.

Again Jesus said,Again Jesus said,"Peace be with you!"Peace be with you!

As the Father has sent me, I am sending you.As the Father has sent me, I am sending you.

And with that he breathed on themAnd with that he breathed on them

and said,and said,

"Receive the Holy Spirit."Receive the Holy Spirit.

If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven;If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven;

if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.


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Tutors response (Compare closely with classTutors response (Compare closely with class

response)response)

Shaping the STRUCTUREShaping the STRUCTUREOn the evening of that first day of the week,On the evening of that first day of the week,

when the disciples were together,when the disciples were together,

with the doors lockedwith the doors locked

for fear of the Jews,for fear of the Jews,

Jesus cameJesus came

and stood among themand stood among them

and said, "Peace be with you!and said, "Peace be with you!

After he said this,After he said this,

he showed them his hands and side.he showed them his hands and side.

The disciples were overjoyedThe disciples were overjoyed

when they saw the Lord.when they saw the Lord.

AgainAgain

Jesus said, "Peace be with you!Jesus said, "Peace be with you!

As the Father has sent me,As the Father has sent me,

I am sending you.I am sending you.And with thatAnd with that

he breathed on themhe breathed on them

and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit.and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit.

If you forgive anyone his sins,If you forgive anyone his sins,

they are forgiven;they are forgiven;

if you do not forgive them,if you do not forgive them,they are not forgiven.they are not forgiven.


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Notes onShaping the STRUCTURE

Just because a clause comes before the main sentence

does not mean we have to start with that clause in our

alignment. Try to start with the subject of the main

sentence and align clauses appropriately even thoughthey start the paragraph/sentence

Keep the disciples together! were is the verb of that

clause and therefore the controlling word for alignment ofthe rest. How were they together? Ans: with the door locked.

Why were the doors locked? Ans: for fear of the Jews!


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Notes on


But we havent come to the most important fact yet:

Jesus came. (We tend to focus on ourown fears and

problems and relegate the presence ofJesus to the

back of our minds!)

So while the scene is set with the focus on the

disciples fear, the grammatical structure reminds us

that that is not the most significant fact in the situation!


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Notes on


What matters is what Jesusdid (came, stood,

showed, breathed) and said. And this is what the

sermon should be about.

Of course the disciples do have an important part in

the narrative (as we still do today!) But we must get

our priorities right Jesus first; ourselves responding

to what He says to us!


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Notes on


Now youve probably started to preach this sermon already inyour mind:

After Jesus death, his disciples were devastated! How couldGod allow this to happen? What were they going to do next?They got together! Where? In some room where they wouldbe safe and could lock the door Why should they want tolock the door? They were scared! Why? Because the Jewswere after them, or so they thought! But wait a minute when did there meeting take place? on the evening of the

first day of the week hadnt they been told the news bythen? That Jesus had risen? Hadnt anyone told them yet?

And so on.


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Notes on


Excitement builds up as the congregationstarts to feel itself to be in the situation of the

disciples

Note how all this comes out of closely

observing the grammatical structure!


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Class response

Analysing the ACTION

This involves noting (with colours or other markings):

WHO is involved (persons)Disciples/ Jews/ Jesus/ Father/ HolySpirit

WHAT is happening (verbs) locked/ came/ stood/ said/ showed/overjoyed/ saw/ sent/ sending/ breathed/ receive/ forgiveWHAT else is mentioned (things and ideas) Peace

WHERE the action is taking place in a room

WHEN on the evening of that first day of the week

WHY andHOW


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Tutors Response Analysing theACTIONWHO is involved (persons)

Disciples / Jews / Jesus / The Father / The Holy Spirit

WHAT is happening (verbs)

locked / came / stood / said / showed / overjoyed / saw /

sent / sending / breathed / receive / forgive

WHAT else is mentioned (things and ideas)

evening / day / week / fear / doors / peace / hands and side /sins

WHERE the action is taking place

[in a room] / among them

WHEN

on the evening of that first day of the week / after he said this

WHY

for fear of the Jews

HOW

together / with the doors locked / as the Father has sent


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Notes on ACTION Questions

It is good to note down EVERY possible answer to

these six Action Questions because:

they draw our attention to significant details that

we might miss otherwise, e.g. the timing of the event The disciples fear

they highlight where any emphasis has been

placed, e.g. what Jesus said about: Peace

Forgiveness

Sending


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Notes on ACTION Questions

While it is good to note down EVERY possibleanswer to these six Action Questions:

The sermon itself does not need to cover ALL

these details

Only thepreacherneeds to have studied all

that the passage contains in order to understand it fully and accurately

and be able to present its message in a balanced way


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Class response TOPICS CoveredTOPICS Covered

On the evening of that first day of the weekOn the evening of that first day of the week,,

when thewhen the disciplesdisciples

were togetherwere together,, DISCIPLES WERE TOGETHERDISCIPLES WERE TOGETHER

with thewith the doorsdoors locked DISCIPLES WERE AFRAIDWERE AFRAID

for fear of thefor fear of the Jews,Jews,

JesusJesus camecame

andand stood amongstood amongthemthem andand saidsaid,, JESUS APPEARANCE TO HIS DISCIPLESJESUS APPEARANCE TO HIS DISCIPLES

"Peace be with"Peace be with youyou!! JESUS GIVES PEACEJESUS GIVES PEACEAfterAfterhehe saidsaid this,this,

hehe showedshowedthemthemhishis hands and side.hands and side. RISEN LORD / PROOF TO BELIEVERISEN LORD / PROOF TO BELIEVE

TheThe disciplesdisciples

were overjoyedwere overjoyed whenwhen theythey sawsaw thethe Lord.Lord. JOY OF THE LORDJOY OF THE LORD

AgainAgain JesusJesus saidsaid,,"Peace be with"Peace be with youyou!! JESUS GIVES PEACEJESUS GIVES PEACE

As the Father has sentAs the Father has sent meme ,, II am sendingam sending youyou.. JESUS SENDSJESUS SENDS

And with thatAnd with that hehe breathedbreathed onon themthem

andand saidsaid,,

"Receive the Holy Spirit."Receive the Holy Spirit. RECEIVNG HOLY SPIRIT & JESUSRECEIVNG HOLY SPIRIT & JESUS

IfIfyouyouforgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven;forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven;

ififyouyoudo not forgive them, they are not forgiven.do not forgive them, they are not forgiven.FORGIVENESS OF SINSFORGIVENESS OF SINS


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Tutors responseTutors response TOPICS CoveredTOPICS CoveredOn the evening of that first day of the weekOn the evening of that first day of the week,, THE DISCIPLES FEARTHE DISCIPLES FEAR

when thewhen the disciplesdiscipleswere togetherwere together,,

with the doorswith the doors lockedlocked

for fear of thefor fear of the Jews,Jews,

JesusJesus camecame THE INTERVENTION OF JESUSTHE INTERVENTION OF JESUS

andand stoodstood amongamong themthem

andand saidsaid,, "Peace"Peace bebe withwith youyou!! THE BENEDICTION OF JESUSTHE BENEDICTION OF JESUS

AfterAfterhehe saidsaid this,this,

hehe showedshowedthemthemhishis hands and side.hands and side. THE DEMONSTRATION OF JESUSTHE DEMONSTRATION OF JESUS

TheThe disciplesdisciples were overjoyedwere overjoyedwhenwhen theythey sawsaw thethe Lord.Lord. THE DISCIPLES JOYFUL REACTION

AgainAgain

JesusJesus saidsaid,, "Peace"Peace bebe withwith youyou!!

As the FatherAs the Fatherhas senthas sentmeme,, THE DIVINE COMMISSIONTHE DIVINE COMMISSION

II am sendingam sendingyouyou..

And with thatAnd with that

hehe breathedbreathed onon themthem THE INSPIRATION OF THE HOLY SPIRITTHE INSPIRATION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT

andand saidsaid,, ""ReceiveReceive the Holy Spirit.the Holy Spirit. RECEPTION IF THE HOLY SPIRITRECEPTION IF THE HOLY SPIRIT

IfIfyouyouforgiveforgive anyone his sins,anyone his sins,

theythey are forgivenare forgiven;; FORGIVENESS OF SINSFORGIVENESS OF SINS

ififyouyoudo not forgivedo not forgive them,them,

theythey are not forgivenare not forgiven..


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Class response Over-All SUBJECTOver-All SUBJECTSuggestionsSuggestions

Disciples unity & fearDisciples unity & fear ** Jesus appearance to His disciplesJesus appearance to His disciples * * * ** * * * Peace that Jesus givesPeace that Jesus gives * * ** * * Joy of the Lord *Joy of the Lord * Jesus sendsJesus sends **

Receiving Holy SpiritReceiving Holy Spirit * ** * Forgiveness of SinsForgiveness of Sins * ** *

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tutors comment:

While the choice of the second suggestion is

closest to the over-all subject,it is too bland

and

is not informed by half of the information

provided by the total passage

(e.g. disciples fear, commissioning)


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Tutors response

The Over-All SUBJECTThe Over-All SUBJECT

Main Themes:Main Themes: The disciples fear and later joyThe disciples fear and later joy

Jesus interventionJesus intervention

The divine commission passed on to the disciplesThe divine commission passed on to the disciples

VV

Over-all SUBJECTOver-all SUBJECT

Jesus empowering fearful disciplesJesus empowering fearful disciples

for missionfor mission


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Class response

TEACHING on O/A Subject :TEACHING on O/A Subject :Jesus appearance to His disciplesJesus appearance to His disciples

On the evening of that first day of the week, when the disciples weretogether, with the doors locked for fear of the Jews,

Because of various circumstances, believers sometimes feel fearBecause of various circumstances, believers sometimes feel fearin spite of their unity & it seems that they are living in lockedin spite of their unity & it seems that they are living in locked

doors.doors.

Jesus came and stood among them and said, "Peace be with you! We have to acknowledge that Jesus is present with His followers

& He is the source of real peace.

Afterhe said this, he showed themhis hands and side. Death of Jesus Christ is a reality.Death of Jesus Christ is a reality.

The disciples were overjoyed when they saw the Lord. Jesus presence is the source of joy.Jesus presence is the source of joy.


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Class response TEACHING on O/A Subject :TEACHING on O/A Subject :Jesus appearance to His disciplesJesus appearance to His disciples

Again Jesus said,"Peace be with you!As the Father has sent me , I am

sending you. Jesus sends believers with a mission. Church is the agent of change.Jesus sends believers with a mission. Church is the agent of change.

And with that he breathed on themand said, "Receive the Holy Spirit. Without filling of the Holy Spirit, effective witness is not possible.Holy Spirit, effective witness is not possible.

Ifyouforgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; ifyoudo not forgive them,they are not forgiven. The Church has the privilege to convey the message of Gods

forgiveness to men.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tutors comments:

While certainly true, the last three points containextra-textual interpretation

(clarification that comes from elsewhere in Scripture)

Strictly speaking this should not be done at this step

we are simply studying the text in front of us

(and possibly a few verses on either side of the passage).


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The Use of Other ScripturesThe Use of Other Scriptures

A Note

on

Canonical Context


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Canonical Context

Studying the context of a passage can extend from immediate context,

through bookcontext,

and the context ofthe writers total writings,

to the context of the whole ofScripture

(Canonical Context),

which merges into

Theological InterpretationTheological Interpretation

Theological interpretation comesafter we have finished extracting

the immediate teaching of the text

on the over-all subject


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Canonical Context

Warning:

Avoid bringing in additionalideasfrom the rest of the Bible.

In exegesis of a text (passage)

information should be taken fromthe canonicalcontext

only to

clarifythe meaningof the text,

not to

add to its message.


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Canonical Context

In this passage

it would be appropriate to study the Canonical contextif you wanted to pursue the following issues:

When was the Holy Spirit given to Christs followers?

at Pentecost?Or

when Jesus first appeared to his disciples after he had risen?

Do Christians have the authority

To forgive sins themselves?

Or

Only to announce the forgiveness of sins for all who accept Jesus as

their Saviour?


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Tutors responseTutors response TEACHING on O/A Subject:TEACHING on O/A Subject:Jesus empowering fearful disciples for missionJesus empowering fearful disciples for mission

Despite knowing Jesus, followers of Jesus sought security in

fellowship and locked doors Jesus comes unexpectedly into situations of fear and

intervenes with his invocation of peace After fears have been calmed, minds have to be convinced of

the reality of Jesus and of what had happened to him

Seeing Jesus standing there brings joy Peace of mind is the necessary prelude to divine mission Mission requires empowering with the Holy Spirit that comes

from Jesus himself The divine mission is all about bringing forgiveness of sins to

a sinful world Jesus disciples are promised the privilege of being effective

agents of the forgiveness of sins of others if they act on thatprivilege as Jesus himself did first.

Cl The Main LessonsThe Main Lessons


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Class response The Main LessonsThe Main Lessons

of the passageof the passage

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tutors comments:Tutors comments:

AAdditional ideas have been introduced in A, C & Ddditional ideas have been introduced in A, C & D

(unanswered prayers, peace with God, agents of change in the(unanswered prayers, peace with God, agents of change in the

world)world)

These may amplify the message of the expository sermon, butThese may amplify the message of the expository sermon, but

In spite of the opposition to Christs

Gospel and unanswered prayers,we should never give up our faith.

A

We cannot have the peace of God

until we have peace with Godthrough Jesus. Only Jesus can givereal peace & joy. C

The death & resurrection of JesusChrist is a reality. B

The Church is the agent of changein this word. We are Jesus hands,

feet & mouth to this world & Jesusneeds His church. But the Churchalso needs Jesus because withoutJesus we have no witness, no powerof Holy Spirit. D


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Tutors response The Main LessonsThe Main Lessons

of the passageof the passage

Christians can lock themselves into theirfears, butJesus can intervene to calm those fears and bringpeace andjoy

Peace of mind produced through looking at Jesus

and contemplating what he has done on the cross isa prelude to mission For this mission we need the inspiration of the Holy

Spirit When we have the Spirit within us, we can exercise

a ministry of forgiveness by telling others howJesus death brings forgiveness of sins


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Class response The Heart-beatThe Heart-beat

(core message)(core message)

of the passageof the passageO/A subject:O/A subject:

Jesus appearance to His disciplesJesus appearance to His disciples

Be transformed: Christs triumph means yourBe transformed: Christs triumph means yourtransformationtransformation

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tutors comments:Tutors comments:

The statement here should probablyThe statement here should probablyprecedeprecede the exhortation. Thusthe exhortation. Thus::

Christs triumph means youChrists triumph means you cancan be transformedbe transformed

SoSo BEBEtransformed!transformed!

The only problem with this message is it doesnt tell the listenerThe only problem with this message is it doesnt tell the listenerhowhow(s)he can be transformed!(s)he can be transformed!


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Tutors response The Heart-beatThe Heart-beat

(core message)(core message)

of the passageof the passageO/A subject:O/A subject:

Jesus empowering fearful disciples for missionJesus empowering fearful disciples for mission

Two suggestions:Two suggestions:

AA

When Jesus comes into your lifeWhen Jesus comes into your life

He will not only calmHe will not only calm youryourfearsfears

but alsobut also

empower you to tellempower you to tell othersothers

how their sins can be forgivenhow their sins can be forgiven

BB

Jesus calms our fears so we can help othersJesus calms our fears so we can help others


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The End

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