faculty awareness alma swan key perspectives ltd truro uk

Faculty awareness

Alma Swan

Key Perspectives Ltd

Truro

UK

Electronic survey

Supported by ISI – 25,000 addresses

Report-writing funded by JISC, UK


Respondent profiles I (n=1296)Region Percentage of total respondents

Australia/New Zealand 7

Asia (except China and Japan) 4

China 3

Japan 1

Canada 4

USA 21

Central/South America 6

European union (except UK) 17

Other European countries (exc EU or UK) 10

UK 18

Middle East 4

Africa 4


Respondent profiles II (n=1296)Subject Percentage of total respondents

Agriculture & food science 5Business & management 4Chemistry 6Computer sciences 12Earth & geographical sciences 3Engineering, materials science 8

Humanities 8Law & politics 1Library & information science 6Life sciences 17Mathematics 6Medical sciences 17Physics 7Psychology 9Social sciences & education 10


Why researchers publish

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Communicateresults to peers

Advance career Personalprestige

Gain funding Financial reward


Citations

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

% r

es

po

nd

en

ts

0 to 2 3 to 5 6 to 10 Morethan 10

Don'tknow


Are they using OA archives?

Not much!

30% respondents

Computer scientists use them most

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

% r

espo

nden

ts Scirus

Citebase

OAIster

OAIIECSP

PKP


Do they do this often?


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

% r

esp

on

den

ts

Several timesper week

At least onceper week

At least onceper month

< once permonth

Compared with bibliographic databases…

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

% r

espo

nden

ts

OA search services Bibliographic searchservices

Several times perweek

At least once perweek

At least once permonth

< once per month


Overall proportion of people using these

‘Traditional’ bibliographic services: 98%

OAI search services: 30%


Though this is hardly surprising…

Total number of postprints in UK archives is certainly <10,000 and probably nearer 6,000-7,000

Books and theses <2000

When the content is there – and KNOWN to be there – researchers will use institutional repositories


Overall self-archiving activity level

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Preprint onweb page

Postprint onweb page

Preprint in IR Postprint in IR Preprint insubjectarchive

Postprint insubjectarchive

No

Yes


Self-archiving by subject area

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Ag

ricu

lture

& fo

od

sci

en

ce

Bu

sin

ess

& m

an

ag

em

en

t

Ch

em

istr

y

Co

mp

ute

r sc

ien

ces

Ea

rth

& g

eo

gra

ph

ica

l sci

en

ces

En

gin

ee

rin

g, m

ate

ria

ls s

ci,

tech

no

log

y

Hu

ma

niti

es

La

w &

po

litic

s

Lib

rary

& in

form

atio

n s

cie

nce

Life

sci

en

ces

Ma

the

ma

tics

Me

dic

al s

cie

nce

s

Ph

ysic

s

Psy

cho

log

y

So

cia

l sci

en

ces

& e

du

catio

n

Preprint on web page Postprint on web page Preprint in institutional archive

Postprint in institutional archive Preprint in subject archive Postprint in subject archive


Self-archiving activities of the 1296 respondents

Carried out 1303 individual acts of self-archiving

631 individuals were involved (49% of total)

Number of self-archiving acts per person is 2.1

Average number of S-A acts is 1.01


Time series data (i)

Open access provision method Earlier survey

Present survey

Preprint on personal web page 23 18

Postprint on personal web page 22 27

Preprint in departmental or institutional OA archive

4 15

Postprint in departmental or institutional OA archive

10 20

Preprint in a centralised subject-based open archive

7 9

Postprint in a centralised subject-based open archive

7 12


Time series data (ii)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Preprint onweb page

Postprinton web

page

Preprint inIR

Postprintin IR

Preprint insubjectarchive

Postprintin subject

archive

Presentsurvey

Earliersurvey


Relationship between self-archiving activity and publishing activity

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

% r

esp

on

den

ts

Postprint on web page Postprint in IR Postprint in subject archive

0 or 1papers peryear



>5 papersper year


Length of self-archiving experience

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

% r

es

po

nd

en

ts

>5 years 3-5 years 2-3 years Last year only


Awareness of self-archiving

Of those who have not self-archived any articles:

29% are aware of the possibility of providing open access this way

71% are not Non-archivers = 51% of the population 36% of researchers are not aware of the

possibility of self-archiving


Awareness of self-archiving by subject area

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Agr

icul

ture

& fo

od s

cien

ce

Bus

ines

s &

man

agem

ent

Che

mis

try

Com

pute

r sc

ienc

es

Ear

th &

geo

grap

hica

l sci

ence

s

Eng

inee

ring,

mat

eria

ls s

ci, t

echn

olog

y

Hum

aniti

es

Law

& p

oliti

cs

Libr

ary

& in

form

atio

n sc

ienc

e

Life

sci

ence

s

Mat

hem

atic

s

Med

ical

sci

ence

s

Phy

sics

Psy

chol

ogy

Soc

ial s

cien

ces

& e

duca

tion

Yes No


How did they learn about self-archiving?


0

5

10

15

20

25

% r

es

po

nd

en

ts

From peers FollowedOA debate

Institutionor library

Field hassubject-basedarchive

Dept orschool

Co-authors

Positive reinforcement

Providing ‘hit’ statistics

Demonstrating the citation advantage

Showing how to find citation counts


Ease of depositing an article

Easy27%

Very difficult

1%

Somewhat difficult

8%Very easy

42%

Neither easy nor difficult

12%

Article archived

by someone

else6%

Easy32%

Very difficult

4%

Somewhat difficult16%

Very easy22%

Neither easy nor difficult

20%

Article archived by someone

else6%

First deposition Subsequent depositions


Time taken to deposit an article

Under an hour36%

More than a day7%

3-4 hours5% A few minutes

30%

1-2 hours11%

Article archived by

someone else11%

Under an hour23%

More than a day3%

3-4 hours2%

A few minutes52%

1-2 hours8%

Article archived by

someone else12%


First deposition Subsequent depositions

More awarenesses (or lack of them)

Only 10% of self-archivers know about the SHERPA/RoMEO publisher policies directory

Less than 25% are aware of the UK House of Commons Select Committee recommendations

Less than 25% are aware of the NIH proposals


Copyright Author 35% Publisher 37% Other (e.g. employer) 6% Don’t know 22%


Permission required 17%

Not required 47%

Don’t know 36% Permission sought 16% Permission not sought 84%

That mandating question….


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

% r

esp

on

den

ts

Whole population Self-archivers Non self-archivers

Wouldcomplywillingly

Wouldcomplyreluctantly

Would notcomply

81%

13%

5%

However you look at it, it still says the same….

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

% r

esp

on

den

ts

Would comply willingly Would complyreluctantly

Would not comply

Wholepopulation

Self-archivers

Non self-archivers


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%A

ustra

lia/N

ew Z

eala

nd

Asi

a (e

xcep

t Chi

na, J

apan

)

Chi

na

Japa

n

Can

ada

USA

Cen

tral/S

outh

Am

eric

a

Eur

opea

n U

nion

(exc

ept U

K)

Oth

er E

urop

ean

coun

tries

(exc

e..

UK

Mid

dle

East

Afri

caA

ll re

spon

dent

s

Comply willingly Comply reluctantly Would not comply


What to do about author awareness, then…

Make them AWARE: of the citation advantage of open access work of the existence of IRs and what is in them that THEY can self-archive too and reap the benefits

(peers, word of mouth, statistics) of the issues involved:

easy to do doesn’t take long – just a few minutes, just a few keystrokes copyright

of moves on the official requirement to self-archive officially require them to self-archive!


Thank you for listening

[email protected]


Previous studies on Open Access

Authors and Open Access publishing:

www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/JISCOAReport1.pdf

Model for a UK national eprints delivery system:

www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/ACF1E88.pdf

All reports on OA, including articles published in journals:

www.keyperspectives.co.uk/OpenAccessArchive/


Funded by JISC and OSI: www.jisc.ac.uk/

faculty awareness alma swan key perspectives ltd truro uk

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