feeding manila in peace and war, 1850–1945 · feeding manila in peace and war, 1850–1945 daniel...

Feeding Manila in Peace and War, 1850–1945

Daniel F. Doeppers

T h e U n i v e r s i T y o f W i s c o n s i n P r e s s

Bibliography.indd 1 07/06/2016 3:04:31 PM

3

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

Following Philippine practice, relevant Hispanic names of Filipinos are alphabetized under d (e.g., de Jesus), while the names of Spaniards are alphabetized by the surname following de (e.g., de Comyn under c).

AbbreviaTionsAAAG Annals of the Association of American GeographersABFMS Agricultural Bulletin of the Federated Malay StatesACCJ American Chamber of Commerce Journal (Manila)AEH Australian Economic HistoryAHR American Historical ReviewARBAg Annual Report of the Bureau of AgricultureARBAI Annual Report of the Bureau of Animal IndustryARBPI Annual Report of the Bureau of Plant IndustryARCC Annual Report of the Collector of CustomsARCIR Annual Report of the Collector of Internal RevenueARMB Annual Report of the Municipal Board, City of ManilaASEAN Association of Southeast Asian NationsBAHC Bulletin of the American Historical Collection (Manila)Balanza Title varies: Islas Filipinas [Hacienda], Balanza General del Comercio de las

Islas Filipinas, Balanza Mercantil del Comercio de las Islas Filipinas, Estadistica Mer-cantil del Comercio Exterior de las Islas Filipinas, Estadistica General del Comercio Exterior de las Islas Filipinas

BIA United States, Bureau of Insular Affairs records, USNA IIBiba Bigabang Bayan (National Rice Granary, 1944)BIES Bulletin of Indonesian Economic StudiesBNM Biblioteca Nacional, MadridBPS Bulletin of Philippine Statistics (continues PSR)BR Blair, Emma H., and James A. Robertson, eds. The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898.

55 vols. Cleveland: A. H. Clark, 1903–7.Bulletin Title varies: Manila Daily Bulletin, Manila Bulletin, Bulletin TodayCEA Civilian Emergency AdministrationCensus 1903 United States, Bureau of the Census. Census of the Philippine Islands, 1903.

4 vols. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1905.


4 Bibliography

Census 1918 Philippine Islands, Census Office of the Philippine Islands. Census of the Philippines, 1918. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1920.

Census 1939 Philippines (Commonwealth), Commission of the Census. Census of the Philippines, 1939. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1940.

Chronicle Manila ChronicleCIJ Commerce and Industry Journal (continued by PJC)CR Commerce ReportsCRUSFC Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign CountriesCVB The Netherlands, Consulaire en andere Verslagen en Berichten [consular reports]DCTR United States, Daily Consular and Trade Reports, 1912–14ECA Emergency Control AdministrationEEH Explorations in Economic HistoryENSO El Niño southern oscillationFAO United Nations Food and Agriculture OrganizationGaceta Gaceta de ManilaGR Geographical ReviewHerald Philippines Herald (Manila)HRAF Human Relations Area FilesHSBC Hong Kong and Shanghai BankHs. of Com. United Kingdom, House of Commons Papers, a.k.a. Parliamentary

Papers (Commons) [consular reports]IJAS International Journal of Asian StudiesInquirer Philippine Daily Inquirer (Manila)IR Ilocos ReviewJAAA Journal of the American Asiatic AssociationJAE Journal of Asian EconomicsJAMS Journal of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United StatesJAS Journal of Asian StudiesJAVMA Journal of the American Veterinary Medical AssociationJCPT Journal of Comparative Pathology and TherapeuticsJEH Journal of Economic HistoryJH Journal of HistoryJHG Journal of Historical GeographyJIH Journal of Interdisciplinary HistoryJNL Journal of Northern LuzonJPS Journal of Philippine StatisticsJSEAH Journal of Southeast Asian HistoryJSEAS Journal of Southeast Asian StudiesJSS Journal of the Siam SocietyKITLV Koninklijk Institut voor Taal-, Land- en VolkenkundeMJTG Malayan Journal of Tropical GeographyMS Municipal SanitationMT Manila TimesNARIC National Rice and Corn CorporationNHI National Historical Institute


Bibliography 5

NYT New York TimesPA Philippine AgriculturistPAgR Philippine Agricultural ReviewPC Philippines ConstabularyPCAU Philippine Civil Affairs UnitPE potential evapotranspirationPEF Progreso Economico de FilipinasPFP Philippines Free PressPFR Philippine Finance ReviewPFY Philippine Fisheries YearbookPhilippines Yearbook Title varies: Philippines Yearbook, Philippines Herald Year Book,

Philippine Yearbook (1933–34 to 1940–41)PICAU variation of PCAUPJAg Philippine Journal of AgriculturePJAI Philippine Journal of Animal IndustryPJC Philippine Journal of Commerce (continues CIJ)PJS Philippine Journal of SciencePMC Philippine Manufacturing CorporationPNA Philippine National Archives, Records Management and Archives OfficePNHB Peking Natural History BulletinPNL Philippine National LibraryPNR Philippine National RailroadPPG Progress in Physical GeographyPQCS Philippine Quarterly of Culture and SocietyPR Philippine ReviewPRO United Kingdom, Public Records Office, Kew, LondonPRRA Philippine Relief and Rehabilitation AdministrationPS Philippine StudiesPSacra Philippiniana SacraPSR Philippine Statistical Review (continues SBPI)QBBPW Quarterly Bulletin, Bureau of Public WorksRCUS United States, Reports of the Consuls of the United StatesRGGPI United States, War Department, Bureau of Insular Affairs, Report of the Gov-

ernor General of the Philippine IslandsRIMA Review of Indonesian and Malaysian AffairsRPC United States, War Department, Bureau of Insular Affairs, Philippine Com-

mission, Report of the Philippine CommissionSBPI Philippine Islands, Bureau of Commerce, Statistical Bulletin of the Philippine

IslandsSCR United States, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Supplement to

Commerce Reports (continues DCTR)SEAS Southeast Asian StudiesTIBG Transactions of the Institute of British GeographersUMJEAS University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic StudiesUSNA II United States National Archives II, College Park, MarylandUST University of Santo Tomas


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The NetherlandsConsulaire en andere Verslagen en Berigten (CVB) 1881–1893 and Consulaire verslagen en berichten (CVB). New series 1894–1906, annual reports. In French, 1881–89, in Dutch thereafter. Translated by Chantal Oudkerk Pool. Entries give year of publication, paper number where available, pages, topic, and consul.

Philippines

1881 42–47 (1879 compared to 1878), Consul Jean Philippe Hens

1880, 1882– 1886 (no reports printed)1887 136–38 (on 1885), Hens1888 291–93 (on 1886 vs. 1883 and 1885), Hens 1888 1048–50 (on 1887 vs. 1883 and 1886), Hens1889 no. 90 3–6 (on 1888) Hens1890 no. 63 3–8 (on 1889) Consul P. K. A. Meerkamp van

Embden1891 no. 42 3–9 (on 1890) Meerkamp1892 no. 48 3–9 (on 1891) Meerkamp1893 no. 59 3–10 (on 1892) Meerkamp1894 no. 42 185–87 (on 1893) Meerkamp1895 no. 21 204–07 (on 1894) Meerkamp1896 no. 20 175–78 (on 1895) Meerkamp1897 769–77 (on 1896) Vice Consul A. C. Crebas1898 849–57 (on 1897) Crebas1899 404–07 (on 1898) Meerkamp1900 no. 14 291–95 (on 1899) Meerkamp1901 581–84 (on 1900) Crebas1902 no. 36 813–19 (on 1901) Meerkamp1903 no. 43 957–62 (on 1902) Meerkamp1904 no. 35 1165–69 (on 1903) Meerkamp1905 no. 33 833–35 (on 1904) Meerkamp1905 no. 47 1149 (world’s largest sand dredge) Meerkamp1906 no. 30 763–65 (on 1905) Meerkamp

Hens, a Belgian tobacco trader and manufacturer, became consul for the Netherlands (1879–89). He started in Manila in the 1870s with the Dutch trading company G. Van Polanen Petel y Compañia. He died of cholera in 1889. Dutchman Meerkamp (1862–1931) made his business career in Manila in Hens y Compañia (1886), reorganized


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United KingdomParliament. Parliamentary Papers (Commons) aka House of Commons Papers. Consular reports. Entries give year of publication, volume, report or paper number, pages, scope, and consul or vice consul reporting. (There is also a separate series of statistics on trade with the United Kingdom.)

Philippines

1856 57 C2078 25–27 Philippine Is. Trade 1854, Farren1857 session 1 16 C2201 98 Iloilo Trade, Loney 1857 session 1 16 C2201 99–105 Sual Trade, de Bosch 1857 session 2 38 C2285 151–54 Philippines Is. Trade 1856, Farren1857–58 55 C2435 185–88 Philippines Tobacco Trade, Bowring1857–58 55 C2435 189–202 Iloilo Trade 1855–57, Loney1859 session 2 30 C2579 375–76 Sual Trade 1857–59, de Bosch1860 and 1861 (no consular report found)1862 58 C3054 340–48 Iloilo Trade, Loney1865 53 C3478 152–64 Iloilo-Cebu 1863, Loney1866 69 C3582 914–17 Manila 1864, textile imports, Webb1867–68 68 C3953 223 Sual Trade and Commerce 1866, de

Bosch1868–69 59 C4110 597–607 Phil. Is. Trade and Commerce 1867,

Ricketts1868–69 60 C4110-II 83–97 Phil. Is. Local and General Admin,

Ricketts1870 64 C115 207–21 Phil. Is. Trade and Commerce 1868,

Ricketts 218 Sual, de Bosch1871 66 C402 749–56 Phil. Is. Trade and Commerce 1870,

Ricketts1872 60 C501 207–13 Philippine Islands, Ricketts1872 58 C543 1320–27 Philippine Islands Trade 1871,

Ricketts1873 and 1877 (no consular report found)1874 67 C1079 1489–96 Manila Trade and Commerce 1872

and 18731875 77 C1354 1635–41 Manila Trade and Commerce 1874,

Ricketts1876 74 C1421 129–31 Manila, Supplementary Report

1874, Ricketts


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1876 75 C1486 889–95 Manila Trade and Commerce 1875, Ricketts

1878 73 C1950 246–79 Manila Trade and Commerce 1876, Palgrave

1878–79 70 C2285 574–90 Manila Trade and Commerce 1878, Mackenzie

1878–79 72 C2421 1607–09 Cebu Trade and Commerce 1878, Pickford

1878–79 72 C2421 1666–67 Iloilo Trade and Commerce 1878, Gray

1880 74 C2632 1353–58 Iloilo Trade and Commerce 1879, Gray

1880 74 C2632 1359–77 Manila Trade and Commerce 1879, Pauli

1880 75 C2713 1834–58 Manila Colonization and Admin, Pauli

1881 89 C2797 281–83 Manila Trade and Commerce 1879, Mackenzie

1881 90 C2945 1055–60 Manila Trade and Commerce 1880, Mackenzie

1882 71 C3347 1315–18 Philippines Trade and Commerce 1881, Honey

1883 72 C3593 508–13 Manila Trade 1882, Wilkinson1884 80 C3964 562–65 Iloilo Trade and Commerce 1883,

McPherson1884 80 C3964 566–70 Manila Trade and Commerce 1883,

Wilkinson1884–85 78 C4524 939–40 Iloilo Trade and Commerce 1884,

Shelmerdine1886 (no report located)1887 82 C4924 1–4 Native Manufactures, esp. Iloilo

textiles1887 86 6A 1–10 Trade of Philippine Islands 1885,

1884, Gollan 7–10 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1887 86 103A 1–8 Trade of Philippine Islands 1886,

Gollan 3–6 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1888 103 295A 1–9 Trade of Manila, 1887, Gollan 6–9 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1889 80 494A 1–8 Manila Commercial Report 1888,

Gollan 5–8 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1890 77 678A 1–8 Manila Commercial Report 1889,

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1890–91 87 846A 1–9 Manila Commercial Report 1890, +graphs Gollan 7–9 Iloilo, Jones1892 84 1032A 1–19 Manila Commercial Report 1891,

Turner 11–19 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1893–94 96 1289A 1–31 Manila 1892, Stigand 19–21 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu, Cadell1895 — 1391A — “withdrawn” (not found)1896 88 1664 1–4 Manila Report Trade Jan-Jun 1895,

Loftus1896 88 1697 1–13 Manila Commercial Report 1895, D

Earnshaw 6–13 Iloilo, Shelmerdine and Cebu,

Sidebottom1897 93 1932 1–16 Manila Trade & Comm. 1896,

Rawson Walker 9–16 Iloilo, Fyfe and Cebu, Sidebottom 1898 98 2133 3–14 Phil. Is. Trade & Comm. 1897,

Rawson Walker 10–14 Iloilo, Duncan and Cebu, Kingcome1899 101 2319 1–15 Phil. Is. Trade & Commerce 1898,

Harford 10–15 Iloilo, Fyfe and Cebu, Sidebottom1900 97 2436 1–19 U.S., Philippine Islands Trade 1899,

Harford 12–19 Iloilo, Fyfe and Cebu, Sidebottom1901 85 2638 1–16 U.S., Philippine Islands Trade 1900,

Sinclair 17–25 Iloilo, Lyle and Cebu, Sidebottom1902 111 2889 1–16 U.S., Philippine Islands Trade 1901,

Sinclair 16–22 Iloilo, Jones and Cebu, Fulcher1903 79 3044 1–10 U.S., Philippine Islands Trade 1902,

Firth 10–16 Iloilo, Bethell Jones and Cebu,

Fulcher

Cadell, Fulcher, Kingcome, Pickford, Shelmerdine, Sidebottom and Thompson were all agents and/or officers with Smith Bell & Company.

China

1877 84 C1857 1–18 China, Canton Commerce, 1876, Robertson

1883 75 C3730 117–28 China, Amoy Trade 1882, Forrest


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Brenan1895 97 1578 1–15 China, Amoy Trade Report 1894,

King1899 98 2281 1–17 China, Amoy Trade Report 1898,

Little1899 98 2324 1–11 China, Canton Trade Report 1898,

Mansfield1900 92 2502 1–13 China, Amoy Trade Report 1899,

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Scott1905 88 3344 1–14 Trade of Canton 1904, Scott1905 88 3455 Trade of Swatow 1904, Willis1905 88 3468 1–15 Trade of Amoy 1904, Hausser

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1884–85 77 C4391 436–40 Saigon Trade and Commerce 1884, Tremlett

1899 99 2276 1–9 France, Saigon Trade Report 18981901 82 2618 1–26 French Indo-China Trade Rpt. 1900,

Tremlett1902 107 2834 1–9 French Indo-China Trade Rpt. 1901,

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1867–68 68 3953-VI 312–336 U.S., California Trade 1867, Brooker1875 75 C1132 172–94 Java Trade and Commerce 1873,

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Commerce1884–85 78 C4524 1265–69 U.S., Port Townsend Trade 1884,

Alexander1886 28 C4657 295–302 Batavia Trade and Commerce,

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Philippines

1881 4 12 48–49 Cotton Goods Trade of Philippine Islands

1882 5 16 282–83 Free Tobacco Culture in Phil. Is’s., Madrid, Fairchild

1882 8 25½ 299–304 American vs. European Trade in Phil. Islands, Klinck (vice c. 1882)

1882 8 26 465–66 Philippine Islands, Klinck1883 9 28 382 Exports from the Philippines, Klinck1883 9 30 561 Exports from the Philippines, Klinck1884 12 41½ 776 Fruit Culture in the Philippines,

Voight (1883)1888 26 94 412–13 Projected Railways in the Philippine

Islands, Webb (1887)1889 29 101 161–85 Philippine Islands, [Aug 1, 1888]

Webb1889 30 107½ 678–82 Philippine Islands, tobacco, Webb1889 31 109 260–62 Agriculture in the Philippine Islands,

Webb1889 31 109 275–78 Agricultural Products, [Aug. 16,

1888] Webb1889 31 109 371–80 Sugar Industry in the Philippines,

Webb1890 32 113 302–04 Tobacco in the Philippines, Webb1890 34 122 447–48 Beer in the Philippine Islands,

Webb1892 39 140 146–55 Commerce of the Philippine Islands,

Webb1893 43 159 574 Philippine Islands, Poultry Industry,

Cowan (1892)1894 45 165 308–09 Philippine Islands, Manila, American

Flour, Cowan 308 Cebu, Cadell1895 48 177 205 Phil. Is’s., Market for Dairy Prods. &

Fruits, Elliott (1893)1896 50 187 561 New Duties for Philippine Islands


Bibliography 63

1897 54 596 Industrial Conditions of Philippines, French report

1898 56 208 38–44 Present Condition of British Trade, textile depression

1898 56 208 supp. 41 Philippine Islands Exports to U.S.1898 56 209 175–76 German Trade with Spanish Colonies,

Weimar, Moore1898 57 213 294–300 Philippine Islands, 1897, Williams

(1898)1898 57 214 414–23 Notes on the Philippine Islands, gold1898 57 214 458–59 Swiss Goods in the Philippines,

DuBois1898 57 215 592–94 Spanish War and Civil Establishment

in the Phil’s, Pratt1898 57 215 639–40 Railway in the Philippines1898 58 216 1–10 Commerce with the Philippines,

1895–97, Gilbert1898 58 216 10–11 Imports of Shoes into the Philippines,

Gilbert1898 58 217 313–15 Commercial and Industrial

Conditions, French Reports1898 58 218 446–47 Business Points for the Phil’s., Swiss

Report, Frankenthal1898 58 219 559–60 Trade of the Philippines in 1897,

Belgian Report, Morris1899 59 222 451–52 Tobacco in the Philippines, Hong

Kong, Wildman1899 60 227 683–84 Cultivation of Tobacco in Phil’s.,

Hong Kong, Wildman1899 60 225 294–95 Health of Manila, Williams1899 60 225 295–300 Markets of Manila, Hollmann and

Co.1899 60 226 520–21 Exports of Cheese . . . to the Phil’s.,

Rotterdam, Listoe1899 60 226 521–22 Manchester Exports to the Philippines1899 61 228 186–87 Gold in the Philippines1899 61 229 313–14 American Fruits in the Orient, Amoy,

Johnson1901 65 247 545–46 Trade in Manila

Other

1882 6 21 486–87 Agriculture and Agricultural Implements in the Straits Settlements, A. G. Studer


64 Bibliography

1883 10 34 671–78 Trade and Commerce of Canton, Charles Seymour

1901 65 247 524–30 Flour in China, Miller

Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Countries (CRUSFC). U.S., Department of State. Entry gives year, volume, page, and title.

1907 v. 1 349 Amoy

Daily Consular and Trade Reports (DCTR). U.S., Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (continues CRUSFC). Entries give printing date, report number, pages, title, and reporting official.

1912 February 13 37 668–69 Philippine Trade Notes, George Anderson1912 February 14 38 676–77 Investigations in the Philippines [fodder]1913 August 5 181 712–15 Philippine Business Notes, J. F. Boomer1913 August 16 191 954–55 Philippines, Municipal Improvements, George

Anderson1913 August 16 191 960 Cacao in the Philippines, George Anderson1914 June 10 135 1450 Wider Use of Corn for Food in Philippines

Supplement to Commerce Reports (SCR). U.S., Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Com-merce (continues DCTR). Entries give year, volume, report number, pages, title, printing date, and reporting official.

1914 2 80a 1–16 Philippine Islands, January 8, 1915, John R. Arnold

1915 2 80a 1–7 Philippine Islands, April 4, 1916, n/g

1916 2 80a 1–24 Philippine Islands, October 27, 1917, J. F. Boomer

Monthly Summary of Commerce and Finance of the United States. U.S., Bureau of For-eign and Domestic Commerce. Issued annually. 1914.

Commerce Reports. A Weekly Survey of Foreign Trade. U.S., Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, 1915–17, 1926, 1929–36.

OTher GovernmenT DocUmenTsOfficial Statistical Publications

Islas Filipinas [Hacienda]. Balanza General del Comercio de las Islas Filipinas, annual 1854–94. The title varies; see “Abbreviations.”

Islas Filipinas. Boletin de Estadística de la Ciudad de Manila, monthly, 1895–96.Islas Filipinas. Comisíon Central de Estadística de Filipinas [second notebook], 1855.Islas Filipinas. “Estado de importación y exportación del Puerto de Manila, 1818.”

Manila: N.p., July 30, 1819. In the Archivo Franciscano Ibero-Oriental 111/4. Copy kindly provided by Bruce Cruikshank.


Bibliography 65

Philippine Islands, Bureau of Commerce. Statistical Bulletin of the Philippine Islands, 1918–29.

Philippine Islands, Bureau of Commerce and Industry. Statistical Handbook of the Philippine Islands, 1932.

Philippine Islands, Census Office of the Philippine Islands. Census of the Philippine Islands, 1918. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1920–21.

Philippines (Commonwealth), Bureau of Census and Statistics. Journal of Philippine Statistics, 1941.

Philippines (Commonwealth), Commission of the Census. Census of the Philippines, 1939. 5 vols. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1940–43.

Philippines (Commonwealth), Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Statistics Division. Philippine Statistical Review, 1934–37.

Philippines (Commonwealth), Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Statistics Division. Bulletin of Philippine Statistics, 1939.

United States, Bureau of the Census. Census of the Philippine Islands, 1903. 4 vols. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1905.

Other Official PublicationsAllied Geographical Section, Southwest Pacific Area. Manila City, Terrain Handbook

41 (Philippine Series). December 6, 1944.Commerce and Industry Journal. Philippine Islands, Bureau of Commerce and Indus-

try. Short articles on commercial products and provincial trade, 1925–33.Gouvernement Général de l’Indochine, Inspection Générale des Travaux Publics.

A. A. Pouyanne, Les Travaux Publics de l’Indochine. Hanoi: Imprimerie d’Extrême-Orient, 1926.

Philippine Journal of Commerce. Philippine Islands and Philippines (Commonwealth), Department of Agriculture and Commerce. Short articles on commercial products, 1933–41.

Philippine Reports/Colección de las Decisiones de La Corte Suprema de Las Islas Filipinas. Official Philippine Supreme Court decisions 1900 to the present. Currently avail-able online in the Lawphil Project, Arellano Law Foundation (www.lawphil.net/judjuris) searchable by year, month, and keyword.

Ms. Annual Report of the Bureau of Agriculture, in ms. RPC and ms. ARGGPI, 1910–1929 and 1933.

Ms. Annual Report of the Bureau of Animal Industry, in ms. ARGGPI, 1930–33.Manila Harbor Board. Port of Manila, Philippine Islands: A Year Book, 1927, 1929,

1931–1933, and 1935. Title varies.Manila Railroad Company. Report of the General Manager, 1912, 1914, 1918, 1920–22,

1922, 1927, 1930, 1932, 1938, and 1939–40.Metropolitan Water District. “Extension of Water Supply, Preliminary Report to the

Board of Directors,” by A. Gideon, Manager, August 1922, with supporting reports by the Bureau of Science.

Ms. Annual Report of the Metropolitan Water District, in ms. ARGGPI, 1928 and 1932.


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Official Roster of Officers and Employees with Civil Service of the Philippine Island, 1921.

Philippines (Commonwealth), Metropolitan Water District. Report of the Metropolitan Water District, 1936, 1938, and January 1–June 30, 1939.

Report of the Municipal Board of the City of Manila, 1902–3, 1903–4, and 1905.Ms. Report of the Municipal Board of the City of Manila, 1909–10 and 1910–11.Philippines (Commonwealth), Department of Labor. “Fact Finding Survey Report,

1936.” Typescript.Philippines (Commonwealth). Report of the Rice Commission to the President of the

Philippines, 1936.Taft, William H., and J. M. Dickinson. Special Reports on the Philippines [1908 and

1910, respectively]. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919.United States, War Department, Bureau of Insular Affairs, Philippine Commission.

Report of the Philippine Commission (RPC), 1900–16. Starting in 1909 only a brief summary volume was published. The original multivolume report continued to be compiled in typescript. This source, referred to here as “ms. RPC,” contains an almost complete set of annual bureau reports.

United States, War Department, Bureau of Insular Affairs. Report of the Governor Gen-eral of the Philippine Islands (RGGPI), 1917–35. The full typescript version, referred to here as “ms. RGGPI,” contains an extensive set of annual bureau reports.

MaPs and ATlasesAlgue, Jose, SJ. Atlas de Filipinas. Observatorio de Manila, 1899, issued as Atlas of the

Philippine Islands. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Special Publications, no. 3. Washington, D.C.: Goverment Printing Office, 1900.

Allied Forces SW Pacific Area. Luzon. 1:50,000 topographic maps, BMP, GHQ, SWPA, 1944–45 and subsequent editions, various sheets.

Angara, Edgardo J., José Maria A Cariño, and Sonia P. Ner. Mapping the Philippines: The Spanish Period. Cubao, Quezon City: READ Foundation, 2009.

Aragón, Ildefonso de. Plano de Plaza de Manila y Sus Contornos. Manila: 1814. In Maria Lourdes Diaz-Trechuelo Spinola, Arquitectura Española en Filipinas (1565–1800). Seville: Publicaciones de la Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos de Sevilla, 1959.

Batangas and Taal and Lemery, 1:10,000 and 1:15,000, respectively, Philippine Islands City Plans, AMS S901, 1944 from 1904–05 surveys.

Coello, Francisco. Atlas de España y sus posesiones de Ultramar. Madrid: 1848–68.Dagupan, 1:20,000, 1903, inset in Lingayen Gulf, Philippine Islands, West Coast of

Luzon, 1:100,000, Washington, DC, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, March 1912, 4209.

Huke, Robert E. Agroclimatic and Dry-Season Maps of South, Southeast, and East Asia. Los Baños: International Rice Research Institute, 1982.

Map of the City of Manila, 1:80,000, 1943, Republic of the Philippines, Office of the Mayor, City Gazette, February 16, 1943, back cover.

Philippines, Bureau of Technical Survey and Mapping. Luzon. 1:50,000, topographic maps, BTSM edition 1, 1961 and subsequent editions, various sheets.


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Plano of the Angalakan River area in eastern Pangasinan, an elaborate schematic map of the river and its many named tributaries (1854), PNA, Erección de Pueblos Pan-gasinan, 1805–1885, folios 31–32.

Plano de la Hacienda Rural de S. Juan del Monte, Propiedad de los P.P. Dominicos, 1:5,000 (likely executed under the direction of Fr. Ramon Villanova OP, 1884–91).

Plano de Subdivision de la Legarda Estate, 1:2,000. Manila: blueprint, undated.Provincia de Manila, 1885. Blueprint map, 1:100,000. John E. T. Milsaps Collection,

Houston Metropolitan Research Center, Houston Public Library, Houston, Texas.Status of Esteros, June 30, 1913. Manila: blueprint maps with ms. Annual Report of the

Bureau of Navigation, in ms. RPC 1913, vol. 3.

Archival and OTher SPecial CollecTionsAmerican Philosophical Society, Philadelphia

Dr. Victor Heiser Papers, scrapbooks of Manila press coverageAteneo de Manila University, Rizal Library, Quezon City

American Historical CollectionAustralian National Library, Canberra

H. Otley Beyer CollectionBiblioteca Nacional, Madrid (BNM). Read on microfilm.

“Estado de la agricultura filipina en 1887,” ms. 19.218“Estado de la ganaderia filipina en 1887,” ms. 19.219

General Mills, Inc., General Offices–Archives, MinneapolisSperry Flour Company materials (merged with General Mills circa 1928)

Houston Metropolitan Research Center, Houston Public LibraryJohn E. T. Milsaps Collection

HSBC Group Archives, LondonHong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, “Inspector’s Report on the Manila

Branch, October 14, 1916.” LOH II, 124, folder Ig2. Seen by Wigan Salazar.Norman G. Owen, Durham, North Carolina, personal research files

“Merchant Circulars: Jardine Matheson,” containing Manila merchant “price cur-rent” circulars from many Manila merchant houses (1860–72)

“Peele Hubbell” (1850–57)“Peirce Family Papers,” including George Peirce’s ledger from his years in Albay

Philippine National Archives, ManilaContribución Industrial: Manila, Morong [Rizal], Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Taya-

bas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Pangasinan, and Ilocos Sur.Corrales de Pesca Manila, Junta de Obras del Puerto de Manila, producto del arbi-

trio del corrales de pesca, 1882 for January–June.Corrales de Pesca Cavite, monthly lists entitled “Relacion nominal de las licencias

de corrales de pesca in la Bahia de esta Capital . . . ,” 1892Corrales de pesca plantados en . . . Laguna de Bay, July 15, 1887Elecciones de GobernadorcillosErección de Pueblos: Pangasinan. Seen in bound copies.Estadisticas Manila, 1896–98, including Estado Urbano-Agricola-Comercial and

Ganaderia


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Fincas Urbanas 1890–1891, Manila districts and Caloocan-Navotas, San Felipe Neri, and Tambobong (Malabon)

Mercados Publicos Manila 1856–1901Padron de Chinos Infieles Manila 1822Padrones de Chinos, Manila and various provinces, 1890sPesquerias Manila, Expediente relativo a la reclamacion de varias propetarios del

Barrio de Gagalangin . . ., 1873, Concesiones–Establecimiento de vivieros de peces . . . 1877

Prestacion Personal de Manila, mid-1880sProtocolos Pangasinan 1896–1900 and Manila—including selected files kindly

brought to my attention by Jean PaternoServidumbre Domestica 6Vecindario Provincia de Manila; Navotas 1877–80, Tondo and Tondo Mestizos 1889

and 1891, Binondo Mestizos 1870–93Philippine National Library, Manila

Historical Data Papers (1950), Bulacan ProvincePublic Records Office, Kew, London

PRO, FO 45/53630/194/13, Warner Barnes rice mill destruction claim vs. the United States

PRO, FO 72/1553, British vice consul for Sual, Jose de BoschPRO, FO 72/1890, British consuls and vice consuls

Royal Geographical Society, LondonPhoto Archive, Manila and Cebu

School of Oriental and African Studies, Special Collections, London“List of Smith Bell & Co. Employees,” Ifor B. Powell papers“Incoming British Nationals, 1842–1859”

United States National Archives II (USNA II), College Park, Maryland“Consular Dispatches, Hong Kong.” FM 108, roll 4 (RG 59, Department of State)“Dispatches from U.S. Consuls in Manila, 1817–1899,” microcopy T-43, rolls 2–3Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, “Statement of Condition, Febru-

ary 27, 1909.” BIA records, RG 350, file 553Still photograph collection

University of Reading, Rural History Centre, Reading, EnglandRecords of British agricultural machinery manufacturers, esp. Ransomes, Sims, and

HeadUniversity of Santo Tomas Archives and Manila Archdiocesan Archives, Manila

Libros de Entierros for selected Luzon parishesUniversity of the Philippines Library Archives, Diliman, Quezon City

Isabelo de los Reyes Collection, clippings

Theses and DisserTaTionsBarwegen, Martine. “Gouden Hoorns: De geschiedenis van de veehouderij op Java,

1850–2000.” PhD diss., Wageningen University, 2005.Borromeo, Soledad. “El Cadiz Filipino: Colonial Cavite, 1571–1896.” PhD diss., Uni-

versity of California, Berkeley, 1973.


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Cobban, James L. “The City on Java: An Essay in Historical Geography.” PhD diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1970.

Dy Tiapco, Melba C. “The Community of Camiling, Tarlac: Its History, People, Insti-tutions, and Resources.” MEd thesis, University of the Philippines, 1953.

Glynn, Vanessa Jane. “Railroad Policy and Administration in the Philippines in the American Period, 1898–1924.” MA thesis, University of the Philippines, 1987.

De Llobet, Ruth. “Orphans of Empire: Bourbon Reforms, Constitutional Impasse, and the Rise of Filipino Creole Consciousness in an Age of Revolution.” PhD diss., University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2011.

Low, Stephen. “The Effect of Colonial Rule on Population Distribution in the Philip-pines, 1898–1941.” PhD diss., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, 1956.

McCoy, Alfred W. “Ylo-ilo: Factional Conflict in a Colonial Economy, Iloilo Province, Philippines, 1937–1955.” PhD diss., Yale University, 1977.

McIntyre, Kevin. “Eating the Nation: Fish Sauce in the Crafting of Vietnamese Com-munity.” PhD diss., University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2001.

Meissner, Daniel James. “Shanghai Success: A Story of the Development of the Chinese Mechanized Flour Milling Industry, 1900–1910.” PhD diss., University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1996.

Owen, Norman G. “Kabikolan in the Nineteenth Century: Socio-economic Change in the Provincial Philippines.” PhD diss., University of Michigan, 1976.

Regala-Angangco, Ofelia. “The Indian Community in the Philippines.” MA thesis, University of the Philippines, 1956.

Rodao, Florentino. “The Spanish Community in the Philippines, 1935–1939.” PhD diss., University of Tokyo, 2006.

Rodell, Paul. “La Iglesia Filipina Independiente, 1902–1910.” PhD diss., State Univer-sity of New York, Buffalo, 1992.

Salamanca, Albert. “Kangkong (Ipomoea, Convolvulaceae) and the Geographies of Interstitial Urban Spaces in Southeast Asia,” PhD diss., University of Durham, 2008. Abstract.

Salazar, Wigan Maria Walther Tristan. “German Economic Involvement in the Philip-pines, 1871–1918.” PhD diss., School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 2000.

Sasges, Gerard Henry. “Contraband, Capital, and the Colonial State: The Alcohol Monopoly in Northern Việt Nam, 1897–1933.” PhD diss., University of California, Berkeley, 2006.

Wong Chen-ta. “Vegetable Farming in Hong Kong, A Study in Agricultural Geogra-phy.” PhD diss., University of Hong Kong, 1971.

Wong, Chor-yee. “Proto-industrialization and the Silk Industry of the Canton Delta, 1662–1934.” PhD diss., University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1995.

OTher UnPUblished RePorTsInterviews with more than one hundred elderly informants, Manila, February–June

1985.Boomgaard, Peter. “Labor in Java in the 1930s.” Paper presented at the CLARA Labor

Seminar, International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, March 19, 1999.


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Cruikshank, Bruce. “Commercial Patterns in the Province of Tayabas, c. 1820, a Pos-sible Entryway for an Approach to Philippine Regional History.” Manuscript, May 22, 2014.

Fegan, Brian. “Philippines [Bulacan] Fieldwork.” Unpublished report, January 21, 1995.Gedney, William. “Tai Names for the Ox.” Paper presented at the International Con-

ference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics, October 30, 1981.Geologo, Francis A. “Marriage Patterns in the Philippines during the 19th Century:

Data from the Parish Records.” paper presented at the conference Asian Population History, Taipei, January 1996.

Haanstad, Eric. “The State Demands Sacrifices: Yaa Baa, Red Bull, and Ritual Killings in the Thai Drug Wars.” Friday Forum lecture, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, November 11, 2005.

Hayase Shinzo. “Japanese Goods and Their Dealers under the U.S.-Philippine Free Trade System.” Manuscript, 2002.

———. “A Study of Early Popular Consuming Society: The Philippines and Japanese Goods under American Colonial Rule.” Paper presented at the Seventh Interna-tional Conference on Philippine Studies, Leiden, June 2004.

Ignacio, Andres. “Preliminary Field Visit to the Wawa-Marikina River in Montalban, Rizal,” Environmental Research Division, Manila Observatory, 1990.

de Jong Boers, Bernice. “Some Notes on the History of Livestock in Indonesia.” Paper presented at the International Institute for Asian Studies seminar Animals in Asia, Leiden, September 1997.

Morris, Peter S. “The Historical Economic Geography of American Brewing.” Semi-nar paper, Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1991.

Paredes, Ruby. “Memoir,” September 8, 2000.———. “A Price to Pay: Colonial Taxation and the Growth of Filipino Tenancy,”

Friday Forum lecture, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, January 31, 2003.

Rodell, Paul. “Sexuality and Nationalism on the Philippine Frontier: Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija, 1848–1897.” Paper presented at the International Conference on Philippine Studies, Quezon City, July 2008.

Rutledge, Jack J. “Applications of Reproductive Biology, Technology, and Indigenous Knowledge to Dairying in Southeast Asia.” Friday Forum lecture, Center for South-east Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, November 19, 2004.

Wolters, Willem G. “Population Growth, Irrigation, and Increasing Cropping Fre-quency in Java and Luzon.” Manuscript, 1999.

NeWsPaPers and MagazinesPrincipal Newspapers

El Comercio (Manila; a leading newspaper for commercial advertisements, 1870s–1890s)Domestic rice arrivals, 1881 and 1891“Arribos” arrivals of rice and maize, July 1, 1894–April 28, 1895Commercial advertisements, 1870s–1890s“Fiestas Publicas,” various dates, 1872–91.Foreign and domestic rice arrivals, October 1901–March 1902


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“Matanza,” August 9, 1881“Matanza,” July 11, 1888“Matanza de reses,” February 1, 1886, January 15, 1887, and January 9, 1888“Matanza clandestina,” various dates, 1894–95“Movimiento del Puerto,” November 4, 1901 to March 8, 1902“Precios Corriente,” commodity prices published every two weeks, 1888–91“Servicio de Aguas,” various dates, 1890–93

Gaceta de Manila“Movimiento Maritima,” May 18, 1861, 1862, 1872, and 1881Iloilo, monthly lists of arrivals and departures, May 9, 1861–October 8, 1862Provincial reports

Other NewspapersThe American (Manila), May 20, 1899The American Soldier (Manila), selected issues, 1898Bagong Buhay (Manila), available issues, December 1947Business Day (Manila), March 8, 1974Daily Advertiser (Hong Kong), October 2–14, 1871Daily Globe (Manila), July 23, 1989, “Nutrition: Coping with the Times” supplementLa Democracia (Manila), May 21, 1901La Esperanza, Diario de Manila, December 1846Freedom (Manila), March 4, 1899Free Philippines (Manila), June 20, 1945El Grito del Pueblo (Manila), August 12, 1903–June 10, 1904 and December 1906El Heraldo de la Revolution, October–November 1898El Ideal (Manila), June 1910La Independencia, September 1898Kapatid ng Bayan, September 12, 1906Katwiran (Tagalog page of Razón) (Manila), selected issues, 1910Libertas (Manila), February 1900 and October 8, 1901Mabuhay (Manila), 1934Malaya (Manila), selected issues, 1994Manila American, May 1906Manila Bulletin, selected issues, 1959, 1969Manila Chronicle, September 17, 1989Manila Daily Bulletin, selected months, 1922, 1924, 1926, 1929, 1935; “Chinese Supple-

ment,” February 21, 1923 and January 17, 1931; and “Quarter Century Number,” January 31, 1925. A leading newspaper for advertising in the 1920s. The title varies; see “Abbreviations.”

Manila Times, 1907–8 plus selected months, 1899, 1910, 1912, 1918, 1924, 1969, 1994–97, 2008

Minneapolis Journal, December 6 and 9, 1905The News (Behind the News) (Manila), 1939La Oceania Española (Manila), selected issues, 1893, 1896, 1898La Opinión, Suplemento Ilustrado (Manila), available issues, 1887–89


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La Opinión y El Comercio (Manila), November 1934 and January 1935Pagkakaisa (Manila), selected issues, 1929Philippine Daily Inquirer (Manila), selected issues, 1998–2000, 2008The Philippine Star (Manila), selected issues, 2000, 2008Philippines Herald (Manila), selected months, 1923, 1927, 1934, and 1938–39Razón: Primer Periodico Filipino Socialista Independiente (Manila), available issues,

1909–10El Renacimiento (Manila), selected months, 1903–5 and 1909La Republica Filipina, September 15, 1898El Resumen (Manila), available issues, 1890–93Taliba (Manila), selected available issuesTribune (Manila), selected months, 1930–40La Vanguardia (Manila), March 18, 1918 and January–February 1922Varsity News (University of the Philippines, Manila), September 1920

Popular PeriodicalsAmerican Chamber of Commerce Journal, 1924–34Bangon, selected months, 1909The Critic, 1934Employee, selected issues, 1939Foto News, selected issues, 1937 and 1939Graphic, selected issues, 1929–30, 1934, and 1939–40La Ilustración Española y Americana (Madrid), July–December 1890Ilustración Filipina, selected issues, 1859–60The Liberator, June 13, 1945Lipang Kalabaw, selected months, 1907The Manila Critic, 1903El Nacionalismo, 1906–7Nuevo Mundo (Madrid), May–June 1898, occupational photographsOrient, 1967Ang Pamilihan, July 1938Philippine Finance Review, February–June 1930Philippine Graphic, November 5, 2001Philippine Panorama, May 21, 1978Philippine Review, 1921Philippines Free Press, 1908, 1911, 1913, 1929–31, a leading venue for advertisingProgreso Economico de Filipinas, 1923Renacimiento Filipino, selected months, 1910Sampagita, selected issues, 1932Southwall (Cebu), May–June 2005Sunday Times Magazine, February 7, 1960Trabajo, selected issues, 1923, 1930, and 1938Tulay, Chinese-Filipino Digest, December 1988Vanguard, March 1938
