Fernando Gomez M.S. Animal Production Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 22 year veteran in swine industry 1992-1994: Starts Agrosuper 1994-2006: PIC, developed business in in 7 Latin American countries 2006-2013: Norson, (associated with Smithfield) Farrow to Finish Production Manager, Mexico 2013-Present: Wean to Finish Specialist, PIC, NA

EARLY PIG CARE KEY CONCEPTS

PIC Road Show November, 2014

Success on First Week… Achieve an Excellent Transition

Old Environmental New Environmental Immunity Colostrum Need to Create Immunity

Competition Only first 24hrs During 24hrs/day Feeder Space 1 Inch/pig 10 pigs/drinker Floor; 2.8-3.65 sqft/pig Heat zone

Feed Form Liquid Milk Solid Feed

Digestibility High Low (starch & fiber)

Three Major Factors – “SFC Concept”

Good Start

•  Good Clean & Disinfection & Dry

• Placement Plan •  Environmental Care

Intensive Feed Training

•  Mat Feeding

•  Feeding Supporting (example-Gruel) • Water Intake Training

Reduce Competition

•  Feed

ü  Feeder Space ü  Pan Coverage

•  Floor •  Water ü  Drinker/pig ü Water Pressure

•  Temperature

Cleanness and All In-All Out Importance

Good Start; Clean & Disinfection & Dry

Strategies for the Control of Respiratory Disease, Glasgow University, Stanley Done, 1996

AIAO, UncleanedBuildings

DLG (gm/day) DLG (gm/day) Weaners 595 515 15.5Growers 1 643 597 7.7Growers 2 736 712 6.3Finishers 671 621 8.1Wean-to-Sale 658 619 5.9

AIAO, Cleaned Buildings

Cargill, C., and Banhazi, T. (1998) Proc 1st IPVS 3, 15.

Class of Pig % Improvement

Influence AIAO Managements (Cargill & Banhazi, 1998)

Partially Cleaned

Totally Cleaned

% Improvement

# Closeouts 13 13Weight at exit, lb 11.5 12.0 3.9Daily gain, lb/d 1.52 1.64 7.4% Treated 6.9 4.1 40.6% Mortality 3.5 2.1 40(Danish National Committee for Pig Production Review, 1996)

1. Remove all Pigs

2. Scrape and remove all large organic material from pens (including feed from feeders)

3. Remove feeders, heat mats, to maximize surface areas for soaking.

4. Soak the room with sprinkler system

5. Apply Acid Wash (Foaming Gun) 30 minute contact time

6. Power wash with hot water

7. 3rd party inspection and potential re-wash room KEEP INSPECTING UNTIL APPROVED!!

8. Apply disinfectant with Foaming Gun

9. Allow facility to warm and dry for optimum 3 days before new pigs entry

Good Start; Clean & Disinfection & Dry

Good Start; Placement Plan (Example)

Normal Condition 7% Pulled pigs days 1-3 7 % Pulled pig pen (Hospital) 10 % Graduated Pigs Health Challenges Conditions Considers extra space for Hospital Pen Hospital Pen no more than ~80% of capacity, extra feeder, temperature, water availability.

Good Start- Environmental

Room Temperature ü In accord to Facilities and Comfort Zone

Comfort Zone 1. Brooders ü Typically for 2-4 weeks

2. Mats ü  Create a comfort zone of 950F below brooder ü  Allows pigs to choose their area ü  Provide 0.4 ft² of mat space per head ü  Typically is removed 2 wks post placement

Humidity ü Relative Humidity <65%

Air Speed ü Inlet air speed; 600-800 FPM ü Air Flow on the back pig < 30-40 FPM

Good Start- Environmental

555861646770737679828588

1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106

113

120

127

134

141

148

155

162

169

176

Solid  Sided  Barn  &  Concret  Slatted(Temperature  oF    vs  Days  on  Feed)

No  Brooder+  no  Mat Brooder  and  No  Mat Brooder  +  Mat

Pigs with Health Challenges

55

58

61

64

67

70

73

76

79

82

85

1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99

Solid  Sided  Barn  &  Concret  Slatted(Temperature  oF    vs  Days  on  Feed)

Brooder  +  Mat Temp  Level  Recept  (Healthy) PED&PRRS  Challenges

Room Temperature

Good Start- Environmental

MAT FEEDING – GOAL IS FEEDING INTAKE TRAINING •  Critical point for pigs with PED and PRRS Challenges •  ~ 1lb per 40 pigs •  0.4 ft2/pig •  4-6 times per day during 3-7 days

Intensive Feeding Training

Potter, Dritz, Tokach, Goodband and Nelssen, KSU 2010

8.0

1.9

4.6

1.4

43%

26%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

d  0  to  11  removals/died,  % d  11  to  27  removals/died,  %

%  

Control Mat-­‐fed Differences

Mat Feeding Impact ( KSU, 2010)

Intensive Feeding Training

5.14%

6.29%

3.14%

1.71%

y = -0.0134x + 0.0743R2 = 0.7231

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

3.00%

4.00%

5.00%

6.00%

7.00%

Control 2x 4x 6x

Treatments

Deat

hlos

s (%

)Mat Feeding Impact

Treatments (General Population only) ; Control – no special feeding, Mat feeding 2x, 4x or 6x a day (8 oz./30 pigs), 350 pigs per treatment group. Starting Wean Weights ; Average = 12.8 lbs, Range = 7.5 to 21 lbs.

Intensive Feeding Training

• Critical point for pigs with PEDand PRRS Challenges• Use starter diets• Clean bowl and mix fresh gruel3 x per day (2-3 Days)• 8 oz feed & 24 oz H2O/15 pigs,consumed in 1 Hour • 3 inches/Pig Bunk Space

29.70%

19.40%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Mat Only Mat & Gruel

Treats  (%

)

Treatments in Sort down pigs; Mat feeding 2x a day (8oz) vs Mat feeding (2x a day) PLUS gruel 4x a day

Gruel Feeding Impact in sorting pigs

Feeding Supporting- Gruel

Nursery (Example) Day 1- max 3 70% Day 4-7 50% Day 7 to exit 40%

Market Pigs 35%

Reducing Competition- Feed

Pan Coverage ~70% first 1-3 days

Pan Coverage ~35% -Late Finishing

Short Feeders will restrict feed intake

Feeder Space PIC Recommends Nursery; 1 inch/pig

Stocking Density PIC Recommends Nursery; 2.80sqft/pig (50lb)

3.65sqft/pig (75lb)

Reducing Competition- Feed

Drinker/Pig Height Dirty Pan Feeder Design

Reducing Competition - Water

•  Critical point for pigs with PED and PRRS Challenges •  Pigs per Drinker (10 pigs/drinker) •  Water Flow (NRY 500ml/min) •  Height (Nipple; Pig shoulder level)

8 12 25ADG,  lb/Day 1.012 0.946 0.902No  Visits/6h 13.88 10.60 10.32

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.04

#  Visits  in  6  hrs  p

eriod

lb/d

ADG  in  Nursery  Wean-­‐42  days,  Bowl  drinker.  Sandler,  2008

Drinker to Nursery Pigs Ratio. Effect on Drinking Behavior and Performance, Sadler et al, ISU 2008

0.40.420.440.460.480.50.520.540.56

200 400 700

ADG,  lb/d  (1

0-­‐20

Kg)

ml/min  

Water  Flow  Impact  in  Nursery  Pigs(Brooks  &  Laibrandt  cited,  Gadd  2005)

$  1.79/pig

$  0.55/pig

Pig per Drinker Impact

Water Flow Impact

Reducing Competition - Water

Impact of the ADG in the First Week Post Weaning vs WTF Performance

0 7 28 56 156

0

5

10

15

20Weight Advantage, lb

Tokach et al., 1992

Day Postweaning

< 0 lb/d0 - .33 lb/d.33 - .50 lb/d> .50 lb/d

100.00

120.00

140.00

160.00

180.00

200.00

220.00

240.00

260.00

280.00

-­‐0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20

Mar

ket W

eigh

t

First 21 Days ADG

Impact of Early ADG on End Weight

Impact of the ADG in the First 3 Weeks Post Weaning vs Market Weight

• PEDv challenged pigs have decreased capacity for nutrient absorption within the small intestine. • Regeneration time for critical absorptive epithelial cells: ü  In young pigs, takes much longer than in mature animals. ü  As the pig ages it remains vulnerable to diarrhea, however expected mortality

rates decrease due to gut maturation.

• Presenting nutrients that are both absorbable and quickly available to maintain energy is essential. Avoiding osmotic diarrhea is key. ü  Simple sugars and electrolytes are critical to improve survivability.

ü  Transitioning piglets off of a milk-based diet as quickly as possible is key to

mitigating losses.

Husbandry’s Goal Assure hydration and maximize absorption while the

body repairs. Optimize pig comfort.

PED Post Weaning Challenge

Hydration

Electrolytes – Gruel Ample Water

Activity Stocking Density

Feed Intake

Feeding Space Diet Design

Environment Air Temperature

Mat Space Mat Temperature

Piglet Survival

PED Pig Care: 4 Keys

GRUEL FEEDING – EXTRA WATER REDUCE COMPETITION FOR FLOOR AND FEEDER SPACE

GRUEL FEEDING

INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT

EXTRA TEMPERATURE

DESICCANTS FOR PED PROBLEMS

Health Challenges; Additional Value

ELECTROLYTES (3-5 DS)

ACID PAK

THANKS

QUESTIONS?