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National Science Foundation New Glasses May Enable More Powerful and Safer Batteries Steve W. Martin, Iowa State University, DMR 0710564 Li batteries have concerns in large applications such as transportation and load leveling due to safety and cost New solid state batteries using glassy solid electrolytes may be more powerful and safer. New studies of Mixed Glass Former (MGF) Solid Electrolytes at Iowa State are enabling transformative understanding of this new class of solid electrolytes. In collaboration with the University of Dortmund in Germany, new NMR methods are being used to probe the Na + movement in these electrolytes at the atomic level. These measurements are combined with macroscopic conductivity measurements at ISU, Fig. 1, to develop transformative understanding of why the Na + ion motion can be improved in some MGF glasses while in others it is decreased, bottom Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Fig. 2. 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 1 10 100 T 1 (m illiseco n d s) 1000 K /T T1 0.5N a 2 S + 0 .5 G eS 2 x = 0 200 150 100 50 0 T ( o C) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 x DC ( cm ) -1 0.5N a 2 S + 0 .5 [xG eS 2 + (1-x)P S 5/2 ] 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.5N a 2 S + 0.5[xG eS 2 + (1 -x)P S 5/2 ] E 0 (kJ/m ol) 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 (kJ/m ol)

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New Glasses May Enable More Powerful and Safer Batteries Steve W. Martin, Iowa State University, DMR 0710564. Fig. 1. Li batteries have concerns in large applications such as transportation and load leveling due to safety and cost - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Fig. 1

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ion New Glasses May Enable More Powerful and Safer Batteries

Steve W. Martin, Iowa State University, DMR 0710564• Li batteries have concerns in large

applications such as transportation and load leveling due to safety and cost

• New solid state batteries using glassy solid electrolytes may be more powerful and safer.

• New studies of Mixed Glass Former (MGF) Solid Electrolytes at Iowa State are enabling transformative understanding of this new class of solid electrolytes.

• In collaboration with the University of Dortmund in Germany, new NMR methods are being used to probe the Na+ movement in these electrolytes at the atomic level.

• These measurements are combined with macroscopic conductivity measurements at ISU, Fig. 1, to develop transformative understanding of why the Na+ ion motion can be improved in some MGF glasses while in others it is decreased, bottom Fig. 1.

• Fig. 2 shows new NMR measurements for one glass, x = 1, that are being related to the distribution of atomic level energy barriers, E0, in the glass, top Fig. 1.

2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.01

10

100

T 1 (mill

isec

onds

)

1000 K/ T

T1 0.5Na2S + 0.5GeS

2

x = 0

200 150 100 50 0T (oC)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

x

DC (

cm)-1

0.5Na2S + 0.5[xGeS

2 + (1-x)PS

5/2]

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

700.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.5Na2S + 0.5[xGeS2 + (1-x)PS5/2]

E

0 (kJ/

mol

)

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.0

(k

J/m

ol)

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Page 2: Fig. 1

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ion Undergraduate International REU Award in Glass Science

Enhances Professional Growth for Iowa State StudentSteve W. Martin, Iowa State University, DMR 0710564

• Maxwell Marple, a senior Undergraduate Materials Engineering major at Iowa State, was awarded an International REU award from the NSF funded IMI on New Functionality in Glass at Lehigh and PSU to conduct research at the University of Dortmund in Germany

• Max works in the research group of Steve W. Martin at ISU and is using NMR spin lattice relaxation measurements to examine the Na+ ion dynamics in a new series of Mixed Glass Former sulfide glasses.

• Through this International research experience, Max is gaining valuable research experience, but also increasing his world citizenry and abilities to work collaboratively across international research groups

• In the upper photo, Max is shown with the Dortmund research group under the direction of Professor Roland Böhmer, lower photo.