Final Year Project Digital Library

by

Nurul Faizah Binti Zuhri

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of

the requirements for the

Bachelor of Technology (Hons)

(Information Technology)

December 2004

Universiti Teknologi PETRONASt

Bandar Seri Iskandar L10g0

31750 Tronoh -W ^

Perak Darul Ridzuan °*ot\

1. (T/iS -TKlsi's

Approved by,

CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL

FYP Digital Library

by

Nurul Faizah Zuhri

A project dissertation submitted to the

Information Technology Programme

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (Hons)

(Information Technology)

(Pn. Rozana Kasbon)

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS

TRONOH, PERAK

December 2004

CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that I am responsible for the work submitted in this project, that the

original work is my own except as specified in the references and acknowledgements,

and that the original work contained herein have not been undertaken or done by

unspecified sources or persons.

NURUL FAIZAH BINTI ZUHRI

11

ABSTRACT

The application of digital libraries or web archives has been significant during the

past few years such as with the introduction of the web development technology and

implementation of data repositories in office automation. The objective of the project

is to apply the research done on file type conversion into the development of FYP

Digital Library, a web archiving system for documentation management and

preservation purposes. The current system has been too big and becoming difficult to

handle, as the number of the final year project documents to be maintained and

managed are of bigger numbers now. This has made the effort of keeping all these

documents for reference purposes difficult. With the development of the final year

project digital library that shall serve the function of web archive, these two main

goals will be able to be accomplished. The web development project involves the

application of RAD methodology as used in various smaller projects. In order to

accomplish these objectives, various interviews with stakeholders and research done

on file type conversion and information management and retrieval has been done and

the result of these has contributed to the requirement analysis and design phases of the

projects' final product resulting to the development of FYP Digital Library

Keywords: final year project documents, web development, archive, file type

conversion, information management and retrieval

in

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillah, with the completion of this report, the project is now up and

running in good conditions. There are a number of people whom I need to give credits

for without these people, my project wouldn't be able to be carried out and all the

efforts would then be wasted.

First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to our Most Powerful and

Merciful God, Allah S.W.T with His blessings over me for I am able to implement my

final year project.

I direct my special thanks to my Supervisor, Pn. Rozana Kasbon who has been

very helpful in supervising and guiding me through this project development that

assistance and guidance will remain with me forever. Special thanks also goes to Mr.

Mohd Noor Ibrahim and Mr. Suhaimi Abdul Rahman for sharing his opinions and

knowledge as well as a helping hand during my time in need.

Special thanks also to the Final Year Project Committee who coordinates and

plans these final year projects. Also, special gratitude to all my dear UTP lecturers

who has directly or indirectly helped me throughout this project development. Thank

you to my dearest family for all their moral, spiritual and financial support as well as

my closest friends for all their help and support. Without these people, I wouldn't be

able to complete up to this project development level.

Last but not least, to everyone who have been involved directly or indirectly

with this project. Thank you for all their cooperation and support.

IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT . in

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV

TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLE vn

ABBREVIATIONS AND NOMENCLATURES Vlli

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

INTRODUCTION .

l.lBackground of Study

1.2Problem Statement

1.2.1 Problem Identification

1.2.2 Significance of the Project . . 2

1.3Objective...... 2

1.3.1 Relevancy of the Project

1.4 Scope of Study

1.4.1 Project Feasibility within Scope & Time frame 4

LITERATURE REVIEW / THEORY . . 5

2.1 Web Development .... 5

2.2 Information Management (Office Automation) . 7

2.3 Development ofDigital Libraries... 9

2.3.1 Issues ondevelopment of digital libraries 9

2.3.2 File format issue on development of digital

libraries. . . . . 10

CHAPTER 3:

CHAPTER 4 :

CHAPTER 5:

REFERENCES

2.3.3 Information finding issue in development of

digital libraries .

2.3.4 Access control issue

2.4 Project development methodology

METHODOLOGY / PROJECT WORK

3.1 Model-driven development methodology

3.2 Rapid application development methodology

3.2.1 Procedure identification.

3.2.1.1 Requirement planning phase

3.2.1.2 User design phase

3.2.1.3 Construction phase

3.2.1.4 Cut-over phase

3.3 Development tools

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

4.1.1 Results .....

4.1.2 Findings : Digital Libraries on the market

(System Study) ....

4.2 Discussion. ....

CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion ....

5.2 Recommendation....

12

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VI

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 : Digital library concept applied to project development

Figure 2 : Processes ofdigital archives

Figure 3 : File upload and conversion process on graphic databases

Figure 4 : Model Driven Development Methodology

Figure 5 : Rapid Application Development Methodology (General Version)

Figure 6 : Rapid Application Development Methodology (DetailedVersion)

Figure 7 : FYP Digital Library Class Diagram

Figure 8 : FYP Digital Library Entity-Relationship Diagram

Figure 9 : FYP Digital LibraryDefault System Main Page (HOME)

Figure 10 : FYP Digital Library view Document page

Figure 11 : FYP Digital Library Login Page

Figure 12 :New user registration form

Figure 13 :View User Registration Report page

Figure 14 :Upload document page

Figure 15 :View Document list page

Figure 16 :System logout page

Figure 17 ACM Digital Library Main Page

Figure 18 Search Result page

Figure 19View Document page (details of document as well as abstract is included)

Figure 20 View Document (in PDF formats)

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1 : FYP Digital Library Database Structure

vn

ABBREVIATIONS AND NOMENCLATURES

AHDS : Arts & Humanities Data Service

FYP : Final Year Project

LAN : Local Area Network

MDD : Model Driven Development

PHP : Hypertext Preprocessor

RAD : Rapid Application Development

SQL : Structured Query Language

UML : Unified Modelling Language

UTP : Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

WATS : Wide Area Telephone Service

WWW : World Wide Web

XHTML : Extensible Hypertext Markup Language

vm

CHAPTER

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study

As the university's compulsory element in all programmes offered here in UTP, final

year students are required to undertake FYP which can be a design or research-based

subject. The main objective of the paper is to develop a basic structure in which will

enhance the students' skills in the process of knowledge application, opening their

minds, self independence in solving problems as well as result presentation through

minimal supervision and guidance. This paper requires them to do some research,

design or development work especially on real-life problems in each respective

discipline which would motivate them to prcduce practical and well-thought

solutions. Students are to delve into research/design problems, build up objectives,

apply appropriate methodology, analyse and generate the results and report the

findings. The project can be in the form of aboratory experiments, computer

programming, modelling, simulations, analysis andproductdesign.

1.2 Problem Statement

1.2.1 Problem Identification

Currently all the previous project reports that are kept in the libraries are in

hard copy versions. There have been some cases that the reports are damaged

due to the storage conditions. This is becauseby keeping the reports in a hard

copy version, there will be lesser and lesser storage spaces available. As a

result, the reports will be in a bad condition and no longer suitable to be use

as reference materials. Often reports produced are serving the purpose to be

used as reference materials. However by keeping all the reports in hard

copies, it would be difficult for any party (students, lecturers, coordinators,

etc.) to do any reference to the materials.

1.2.2 Significance of the Project

By developing the FYP Digital Library, in a way it will help to solve the

current situation. Even though the current situation is not perceived as a

problem yet to the organization, the situation however may be simplified.

With the launching of the Chancellor Complex, we are now known for our

newly and improved techno building design. Therefore we need to fully

utilize the university's facilities in technology and document management in

order to match up with the new image. By having the digital library, we

would need to create servers to store all the final year project documents.

This digital library, serving its own name, will be put online in which

implemented in the university's local area network and will be made

accessible online. By storing the documents in the servers in order to make it

available online, we have helped to save storage spaces in the library, which

was used to store previous year's documents. This can help to avoid the

documents to rot in the storage spaces due to small space available for

document keeping in the library. In a way, the servers function as backup

storage to store the documents in an electronic form rather than hard copy

versions.

By placing the documents online, inwhich on the university's local network,

it will be made available to all user in UTP at any time compared to access to

university's library which is limited to 8 am to 10 p.m. This will make the

document to be easier to be accessed by users as well as made as easy

reference for all users that needs it. By having this technology, we can match

up to the new UTP image, futuristic and technologically improved.

1.3 Objective

To do a research on file type conversion using current web development

technology.

• To develop an archiving system that will be able to store and manage

documents via the web.

• To do a research on development of digital libraries and analyze how it can

be appliedto the UTP environment.

• To identify the most feasible way to develop the system by utilizing the

technology provided.

• To gain and apply existing knowledge in web development and database

systems in developing the digital library.

1.3.1 Relevancy of the Project

In order to solve the problems identified earlier, it is seen to be feasible to

develop adigital library for the final year project usage. Thus in order to preserve

the work of previous final year students, it is feasible to develop this projectwhich will act as the repository to store all the previous projects for any further

references. After some due consideration and thorough decision making,

developing a digital library instead of portal or website as proposed earlier in thesemester, it is seen as the most suitable solution seeing the function it serves in

order to improve the current manual system.

By having the library, any party involving with the final year reports will be ableto view previous final year project reports without having the difficulty to searchfor desired topics. As defined by the community, archive serves the purpose as to

locate desired documents in a big repository, preserve all the works as well as

provide access to therepository.

1.4 Scope of Study

For this final year project, the areas that will be covered are

• Digital Library Search engine

This part will cover the section where user (general user) interacts with thesystem to search for desired topic of research. This section of the project willthen retrieve related searched topic according to specified keyword and will

display the result to user for viewing.

Information Storage &Management database

This part is considered as the vital part of the system as it stores all the

documents and also manages document uploading done by assigned

administrators. This part of the system will be responsible to reply to queries

made by user and retrieve the documents from the storagedatabase.

User(Administrator) registration &access level

And finally the final part of the system in which responsible in storing details

and assign access level of administrators of the system, which consists of

academic central services staff, FYP coordinator and lecturers. The reason

why the system only caters for these groups user registration is because these

users will have the access to upload and maintain the storage the document

database. Each of these groups will have different level of administrator

access with different functionalities.

1.4.1 Feasibility of the Project within the Scope and Time Frame

Feasibility of a project is defined as capability of accomplishing in a

successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account

economic, and environmental, legal, social, and technological factors. A

project is deemed as feasible if it satisfies all constraints. For this project, the

default development time frame is between 26th of May until 1st of October,which means that around 11 weeks are allocated for the development of the

project.

Withinthis timeframe, it is estimated that there would be a change of scope in

the beginning ofthe project development such as converting from developinga FYP Portal to FYP Digital Library, changes in the hardware and software

requirements and others. Taking into consideration all these risks andassumptions, with the given timeframe, it is estimated that all these scope ofstudy can be covered in order to accomplish the project's objectives. It is alsodeemed to be feasible for this project to be accomplished within the scope

and time frame due to the small scope of the project; it is expected to meet

the dateline, which is end of this semester.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW / THEORY

2.1 Web Development

During the past two years, the core PHP developers have done an incredible job of

providing the PHP user community with powerful technology that has been able to

perform remarkably well in many environments. As Web applications become more

popular, Web developers must face an increasing amount of possible security

vulnerabilities that have the potential to compromise their work seriously. [1]

For the development of this project, the basic underlying concept is put under web

development because even though this project is all about digital library and

archiving, as it is designed to be put on the university's local area network it still

upholds the web development basic concept. As this project is to be develop using

PHP language and utilizes crucial documents, it is important that we look into the

basic security issues relating to this language as well as basic web architecture that

this project should support.

Error control is the first step in providing efficient security for the system users or

clients. However, among the list of malicious attacks that need to be paid attention

for in this project is SQL injection. SQL injection on a Web application can have

devastating consequences that go beyond the scope of most other security attacks,

such as cross-site scripting, because it has the potential to destroy database and its

content permanently and completely. Sensitive information often is stored on

database servers and other storage facilities for later retrieval. At this point, it is

critical to have at disposal a facility that allows the developer to secure that data at

storage time and retrieve the information you are looking for when you need it. PHPoffers an extension that allows developers to use the Mcrypt Library (to secure data

byencrypting it and later decrypting it. [1]

The modern web architecture determines how system elements are identified and

allocated, how the elements interact to form a system, the amount and granularity ofcommunication needed for interaction, and the interface protocols used for

communication. Architecting the Web requires an understanding of its requirements.

Berners- Lee [1996] writes that the "Web's major goal was to be a shared

information space through which people and machines could communicate." What

was needed was a way for people to store and structure their own information,

whether permanent or ephemeral in nature, such that it could be usable by

themselves and others, and to be able to reference and structure the information

stored by others so that it would not be necessary for everyone to keep and maintain

local copies. [2]

According to Beverly, "Information design-the theory and practice of presenting

information in a comprehensive, usable, and effective manner-is an evolving field

with ever-expanding boundaries." [3] With the phenomenally increasing number of

web pages appearing on the Internet, web documents may soon become the single

mostused method for distributing information. The quality of web page design varies

widely according to each author's skill, experience, and understanding of design

principles. Principles of information design aren't unique to a specific medium and

can be applied, notonly toprinted pages, butalso toweb pages.

Web page designers should be especially interested in strategies that enable their

readers to understand the information on a web page. Micro/macro design is a critical

and effective principle of information design that applies to every type of data

because it enables readers to understand complex content by giving them an

overview while at the same time presenting huge detail. By properly arranging and

repeating detailed and complex information, the designer creates an overall structure.Beverly also stressed on "the arrangement of elements on the page is the biggest

factor in determining what people notice and read-or whether they abandon the page

and surf on to someone else's page" [3] This shows how much a good design is

important to the development ofaweb page, in this case, FYP Digital Library.

2.2 Information Management (Office Automation)

Previously, people have never even considered using digital archives because usuallythis method is implemented once the organization finds data management hasbecome complicated and messy as time moves on. With the introduction of

computers and office automation, organization find it is more organized to manageits' print documents digitally apart from continuing to use file cabinets anymore.Once the organization goes online, example; business organization adopting e-commerce, information sharing goes global, people find web archiving or digital

libraries of greater use.

The concept ofweb archives or digital libraries is that these printed documents arestored digitally and stored and preserved using arepository developed in the web andmade accessible to any authorized user depending on the web's level ofauthentication. Lesser and lesser printed documents are copied and distributed as this

method has solve this problem by creating a big number ofcentres of reference for

easier access to the organization or even thepublic.

Figure 1Digital library concept applied to project development

However, as this technology is now greatly implemented all around the world, therehave been few issues regarding digital libraries or web archives that caught a lot ofpeople in discussion over this matter. Dorothy Warner (2002) is very definite: "Isthere aplan in place to ensure that it will be there in twenty or more years?" [6] Inthe haste to make information available electronically there are few agreed-uponplans for the preservation of digital information and much has already been lost.Therefore it is agreed upon that any plans to digitally store information on the web orin the digital libraries, the process requires thorough research and surveys in

identifying the best practices to accomplish this goal successfully. Dorothy Warner

(2002) points out that the process would have to go through summary of the main

stages in the life-cycle concept developed by the AHDS as shown in the diagram

below.

Data creation

IData management

& preservation

> Acquisition> Retention / Disposal> Data structure

> Data description & documentation> Data storage> Data preservation

Figure 2 Processes of digital archives

Rightsmanagement

tData use

This life-cycle concept applies to the research, as the objective ofthe research is to

archive previous FYP print documents into the digital library. Appropriate andnecessary documents will then be created digitally (phase 1), managed and preservedinto the library's' archive (phase 2), used as reference in order to serve its' purpose

as centre of reference to its user (phase 3) and assign the documents authentication

level; viewable only or printed-version (phase 4). Even Gail M. Hodge agrees that"the project managers from the "cutting edge" projects emphasized the importance ofconsidering best practices for archiving at all stages ofthe information managementlife cycle." [4] Acknowledging this important philosophy, the best practicesidentified by the study are presented in the framework of the information life cycle -creation, acquisition, cataloguing/identification, storage, preservation and access.

^

2.3 Development of Digital Libraries

2.3.1 Issues onDevelopment of Digital Libraries

Society has a vital interest in preserving materials that document issues,concerns, ideas, discourse and events. We may never know with certitudehow many children Thomas Jefferson fathered or exactly how Hitler died.However, we need to ensure that documents and other raw materials, as wellas accumulated works about our history survive so that future generations canreflect on and learn from them. The question of preserving or archivingdigital information is not anew one and has been explored at avariety oflevels over the last five decades.

Archivists responsible for governmental and corporate records have beenacutely aware of the difficulties entailed in trying to ensure that digitalinformation survives for future generations. Far more than then librarycolleagues, who have continued to collect and organize published materialsprimarily in paper form, archivists have observed the materials for which theyare responsible shift rapidly from paper objects produced on typewriters andother analogue devices to include files created in word processor, spreadsheetand many other digital forms [5]

In the current timeframe, it is vital that an organization should digitally andelectronically manage its' print information making it easier and accessibleanywhere, at anytime. This is the reason why many organization turns todigital libraries in order to manage and preserve its print information. Most ofthe organizations nowadays have their own portals in order to accomplish thisobjective.

Referring to Gail M. Hodge statement, groups and individuals who did notpreviously consider themselves to be archivists are now being drawn into therole, either because of the infrastructure and intellectual property issuesinvolved or because user groups are demanding it. Librarians and archivistswho traditionally managed the life cycle of print information from creation tolong-term preservation and archiving, must now look to information

managers from the computer science tradition to support the development of

a system of stewardship in the new digital environment. There is a need to

identify new best practices that satisfy the requirements and are practical for

the various stakeholder groups involved.

Digital technology, however, poses new threats and problems as well as new

opportunities. Its functionality comes with complexity. Reading and

understanding information in digital form requires equipment and software,

which is changing constantly and may notbe available within a decade of its

introduction. Today, information technologies that are increasingly powerful

and easy to use, especially like those that support the WWW, have unleashed

the production and distribution of digital information.

Such information is penetrating and transforming nearly every aspect of our

culture. If we are effectively to preserve for future generations the portion of

this rapidly expanding mass of information in digital form that represents our

cultural record, we need to understand the costs of doing so and we need to

commit ourselves technically, legally, economically and organizationally to

the full dimensions of the task. Failure to look for trusted means and methods

of digital preservation would certainly exact a stiff, long-term cultural

penalty. [5]

2.3.2 File Format Issue on Development of Digital Libraries

For this project, file type conversion is crucial as the system is about storing

documents and preserving it in a way that it reduces the risk of editing file

activity as well as plagiarism. So in this project development, the file thatwould be uploaded would be stored in PDF format compared to the originalformat, DOC. To illustrate this process, an example on file format for data

exchange between graphic databases will beused.

10

Interactive

Graphics Sys A

1Translator A

Interchange File

Data Exchange

tTranslator B

Interactive

Graphics Sys

Figure 3 File upload and conversion process on graphic databases

The basic process addressed by this specification is the transfer of data -

content and structure - from one graphical database to an unfamiliar database

having in general substantially different structure, conventions, and

capability. The approach taken is in essence the definition of an intermediate

database with basic data content and structuring capabilities. The intent is to

include a large degree of flexibility to minimize the amount of intelligence

lost in the translation process. Inevitably, however, each database transfer

must involve considerable liaison and negotiation between the sender and

receiver of data.

A number of instances are cited above where considerations external, to the

interface file come in to play; interpretation of line symbology code, and use

of the annotation and technical data fields are important examples. Many

more have not been explicitly called out; consider usage of data type, level,

and association groups. The goal is of course to have the data in usable and

effective form in the target data base, and this can be accomplished only after

detailed investigation of source and target system and database capabilities,

followed by planned usage of the translators and interface file. [6]

11

2.3.3 Information Finding Issue in development of digital libraries

In a digital library, one of the most challenging problems is finding relevant

information. It is this emerging massive cumulative of varied information

sources that will evolve into our digital library of the future. However, there

is still one catch: before a "needle" of knowledge can be tapped by the end-

user, it has to be found in the "haystack" of the world's information sources.

To illustrate, consider searching for information hidden among the millions of

documents residing in the tens of thousands of gopher, WATS, and WWW

sources available today.

Thus, one of the key questions for the digital library of the future is how to

search over large numbers of distributed sources and locate the right sources

to direct a search to. One of the solutions that can be used is "exhaustive

match"; defined as the need to identify every single document in the sources

that matches the query. For an exhaustive match, the options are not very

attractive because one is to ship the query to all possible information sources.

This generates an enormous amount of network traffic and load at the

sources. In other words, every information source on the network would be

processing every query generated anywhere on the network. Clearly, this

approach does not scale to largenumbers of sources.

Another alternative is to build a complete inverted index of all the documents.

By searching in this index, we could match exactly the query to all relevant

documents. The third strategy is to construct some type of document or index

hierarchy. Forexample, documents on a particular topic would be stored ona

fixed source. An alternative is to not partition the documents but the index.

Thus, the query would be routed to the computer science index machine. It

could in turn provide a list of all the documents that match, even though the

documents could be on a variety of machines. Recent research activities in

information dissemination (also known as information filtering and routing)

include efforts to improve the filtering process and to support collaborative or

social filtering. When used on a large scale, the efficiency (performance)

aspect of the dissemination also needs to beaddressed. [7]

12

2.3.4 Access Control Issue

This is also one of the crucial issues relating to the development of this

project. It is concerned that the originality of the documents should be

maintained and secured. It is also an issue that certain users only are given the

option to access these documents in a sense that they can make modification

to the documents. The next journal will discuss a bit on this issue.

Gladney stated "Efforts to place vast information resources at the fingertips

of each individual in large user populations must be balanced by

commensurate attention to information protection." For centralized

operational systems in controlled environments, external administrative

controls may suffice. For distributed systems with less-structured tasks, more-

diversified information, and a heterogeneous user set, the computing system

must administer enterprise-chosen access control policies. One kind of

resource is a digital library that emulates massive collections of paper and

other physical media for clerical, engineering, and cultural applications.

This article considers the security requirements for such libraries and

proposes an access control method that mimics organizational practice. This

is by combining a subject tree with ad hoc role granting that controls

privileges for many operations independently, that treats (all but one)

privileged roles (e.g., auditor, security officer) like every other individual

authorization, and binds access control information to objects indirectly for

scaling, flexibility, and reflexive protection. In principle, object access

control is simply conformance to a rules array, which records the privileges

allowed to each subject for each object. Such an array is, however,

impractical for even a small library because of thehuman effort to manage it.

A library is a protected resource containing data sets called objects,

documents, or items below (depending on the context) and a catalog, which

locates and describes each item in one or more records. Thus a library is a

specialized form of protected resource.

13

A privilege can be access to an operation or omission of some normallyrequired validity check or audit trail addition. The rules for deciding whetherany privilege can be granted and for combining privilege sets to determinewhether to permit an action are the same for most privileges.

Roles are task-oriented relationships, which recur within a community;

examples are "is secretary to" and "is auditor for department." Arole is a setof privileges required to accomplish a related set of tasks and is representedby anamed bit vector. For instance, a store administrator allows subjects toconnect to the store, defines their privileges, and administers some basic

access control information; the custodian grants the privileges needed to meet

these responsibilities to each store administrator, who is distinguished fromother subjects only by having certain privileges not commonly granted. [8]

This issue have been looked into and applied to the project development

concept. For this project, the system 1st level administrator will be responsibleto allocate the access control to its users while other user that surfs the library

just to search documents won't be given any access as this is an effort tomaintain the database security.

2.4 Project Development Methodology

Although the development of web-based applications made many improvements,there is still a lack of an established software engineering methodology forconstructing web-based systems. Consequently, much of the development is carriedout without a true understanding of analysis and design issues. Currently, theproblems of developing web-based systems are similar to those in traditionalsoftware engineering thirty years ago where programming and performance were themain issues. [9]

Model driven development methodology emphasizes on the drawing of models tohelp visualize and analyze problems, define business requirements, and designinformation systems (See Appendix C for MDD Methodology Diagram). Thisapproach takes on the appearance of a waterfall, suggesting that phases must

14

generally be completed in sequence. In this approach also it is possible to back up to

correct mistakes or omissions; however, such rework is often difficult, time

consuming and costly. There are also several disadvantages of model-driven

development. Most often cited is the long duration ofprojects; it takes time to collect

the facts, drawthe models andvalidate those models.

This is especially true if users are uncertain or imprecise about their system

requirements. The methodology also is considered by some to be inflexible; users

must fully specify requirements before design; design must fully document technical

specifications before construction; and so forth. In response to the faster pace oftheeconomy, rapid application development has become apopular route for accelerating

systems development. This technique emphasizes on extensive user involvement inthe rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to

accelerate the system development process.[10] (See Appendix C for RAD

Methodology Diagram)

The specified timeframe for the development of this FYP Digital Library is onlyaround 11 weeks. With limited timeframe and limited knowledge on this kind of

system development, it is deemed that by applying the rapid application developmentmethodology to the project methodology is the best decision and most suited theproject. Another reason for this choice is that this type of methodology activelyinvolves the system users in the analysis, design and construction activities. This isgood practice for this project as the basic concept of this project development needextensive user involvement in almost all the projectphases.

15

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY / PROJECT WORK

3.1 Model-driven Development Methodology

For web development, it has always been using the model-driven development

methodology. It is one of the oldest and most commonly used approaches to

analysing and designing information systems is based on modelling. In thismethodology, system models are used to illustrate and communicates data, process or

interface building blocks ofinformation systems. This methodology emphasizes thedrawing ofmodels to help visualize and analyse problems, define requirements anddesign information systems. The model driven route takes on the appearance of awaterfall suggesting that phases must generally be completed in sequence. With thismethodology, it is possible to back up to correct mistakes or omissions; however,

such rework isoften difficult, time consuming and costly. (See Appendix C for MDD

Methodology diagram. [Figure 4])

Problem, Opportunity & Directive

UserCommunity

Modelsofprojectand systemscope

Sys Improvement Obj

Unanticipated problem

Operation/Support Issue-

;.C^eraB'o>i:&i V>: -Supporty-'-'.

implementation Issue*

jmjjtemeniatfbr!.>:

i OperationalSys——-• &••—

DesignIssue DesignSpecs

•Functional Sys•••

Figure 4 MDD Methodology Diagram

16

ill-advised shortcuts through the methodology. With enough timeline and well-

planned scope, these fouls howevercan be overcome.

Acquirerequirements

on existingprototype Establlsn-

existingprototypeobjective

Requirement Planning

Define existingprototype

functionalityImprovise tiie

existingprototype

design

User Design

Enhance e>tlstlngprototype

Construction

Figure 5 RAD Methodology

3.2.1 Procedure Identification

By developing this project based on the RAD methodology, the project

development phases would have to adhere to the phases defined in the

methodology. (See Appendix C, Figure 6 for detailed version of system

methodology)

3.2.1.1 Requirement Planning Phase

In the first phase, which is the requirement planning phase, it is divided into

two small phases; preliminary investigation phase and problem phase, hi the

preliminary investigation phase, the desired scope of topic is identified andlater project proposal is prepared and approved. However, if the proposal isrejected, then a new scope oftopic will be searched and assigned to. Next, ashort study is done on the new assigned topic and the specific project scope is

determined and its requirements are gathered. A preliminary report on the

topic will be produced.

In the next phase, problem phase, a feasibility study of the project is done and

the problem will be analysed and reviewed with the project requirement.

Requirement analysis and specification document is prepared as well as data,

process and project modelling is created. Finally, a progress report is

produced.

3.2.1.2 User Design Phase

In the third phase, the user design phase, in which the iterative phases start to

occur; the design phase indicates that revision of the system requirement and

incorporation of feedback on the system is implemented. Next system

architecture is designed in which the flow of the system is designed and

produces UML diagrams, etc as its documentation. Next, database structure

for the system is designed by reviewing with the previously created data,

process and object modelling. (See Appendix D for UML diagrams and

database structure of the system.) Lastly, interface of the system is designed

in which the image editing and web page design enhancement is carried out.

Finally, all the designs are reviewed against the systems requirements to

ensure that it is correct and satisfy the stakeholders' demand as well as

enabling any amendment to be made from time to time.

3.2.1.3 Construction Phase

In the fourth phase, the construction phase, database and administrative

functions are created which is defined as creating tables in the MySQL

database server for documents storage as well as user authentication. Next,

the system web interface is developed or programmed. If there is any

amendment to be made, then modification and retest is done on the system

designs.

19

3.2.1.4 Cut-Over Phase

In the final phase of the methodology, there are still three small phases; the

implementation, analysis and final implementation phase. In the

implementation phase, unit and system integration testing activity is carried

out. First, test plans are created based on system requirement. First, unit

testing is carried out. Unit testing is testing activity done on modules in the

system before it is compiled into a whole system. Tests are performed on the

database and administrative functions as this is considered as the crucial part

of the system. Next, test activities are done on the system's web interface. If

there is any fault in the unit testing, then recoding is done and retested.

Next, the units of the system are compiled into a whole system and tested.

This test activity is identified as system integration testing. Test is carried out

on the system as a whole in order to identify any fault in the system. The

reason why unit and system integration testing is done separately is because if

there is any faults in the system when compiled as a whole system, then the

debugging and recoding units is much easier compared to done on the system

as a whole. However, there can still bebugs in the system. So modification to

the code is done and the system is retested.

In the sixth phase, the final phase in the iterative phases is the analysis phase.This is the phase when all the reviewing and modification activity is carriedout. The activities that are identified under this phase are project requirement

review, reviewing the system design with project requirements, modifying

and retest activity on system designs, modification and retesting activity on

unit and system integration tests.

Final phase in the RAD methodology is identified as implementation phase,which is out of the iterative loop phases. In this final phase, user will approve

the final system based on the agreed upon project requirements and thesystem will then be hand-over to the user. However in some projects, thereare cases in which projects implement the last phase in the methodology,which is the operation and support phase, hi this phase, system closeout will

20

be done and user documentations or manuals is produced and submitted to

the user. In this project, the user documentation that will be produced is

supervisor's final draft, final draft, dissertation and finally, system

presentation.

3.3 Development Tools

For the development purposes, the tools that will be used are now finalized and

development phase will start immediately after installation of primary server as well

as backup server is completed. The project is to be developed using a combination of

the latest technology in application development which includes Apache as the web

server, PHP as server-side scripting language, client-side scripting language

JavaScript, XHTML, Macromedia Dreamweaver MX as interface development tool,

free PHP PDF module for .html file type conversion to .pdf file type function, Adobe

Acrobat Reader to read document searched, Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Office,

Microsoft Project as well as MySQL database. These softwares will be installed in a

Unix based PC that acts as the system web server.

21

CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1.1 Results

As a result of study and research on digital libraries and file type conversion, this is

the end result of this final year project. This system will be used by threemain users,

its general users which stands of anyone linked to the local area network may it be

students, even lecturers; next, registered users consists of final year students and

supervisors for final year projects and finally system administrator; IT Department

staff held responsible to administer the digital library. The user of this library would

only need access to it if they would need the privilege to upload documents to the

library. If user basically just wants to search for documents in the library, they

wouldn't need user account in the system. They just need to login into the system

and they can straight away use the system.

The figure below shows the default main page ofthe system. User will be directed to

this default page each time they click on the library's URL

fhttp://127.0.0.1/fvp/home.php). At this page, user will be given two options to

search for documents available in this system. They can either search for the

documents via searching using keywords or by clicking on a link to view the list of

document titles that is available in the system. They can decide whether or not to

view the document by reading the documents' abstract provided along with the other

details of the document. To view these documents, they canjust click on the title of

the documents. On this page, user will be presented with three options into the

system, Home; where the user will be redirected back to this default system page,

Registration &Login; for user to create new accounts with the system and also forauthorized user to access into the administration part of the library and Logout; for

authorized users to logout of the library's administration section as well as close the

window itself.

22

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Figure 9 FYP Digital Library Default System Main Page (HOME)

The figure below is the default page that the user will be redirected to when they

click on the document title. User will then be redirected to this page where they

would be able to view the content of the document. This page however is supposed

to be viewing the content of the document in a .pdf format.

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Figure 10 FYPDigital Library viewDocument page

23

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Figure 11 FYP Digital Library Login Page

The figure above shows the system login page where authorized users need to verify

their account info before they are granted access into the system. For this system,

user accounts are granted only for final year students, FYP supervisors as well as

system administrator appointed by the system custodian and these accounts are

managed by the web support administrators. This is because users who intend to

search for documents onlydo not needto have an account registered with the system.

These accounts are only needed for document storage and management as well as

managing the system only.

The system login page will then identify the user access level to the system has been

granted and from here, the authorized users will then be redirected to their respective

pages. In this system, web support level users are granted the privilege to control

user accounts in the system. Upon logging in into the system, web support level

administrators will be redirected to the systems' new user registration form page. The

figure below indicates the system new user registration form. Users that want to

24

register with the system is can also view this page but they are only offered only a

few menu access at the top of the page, compared to the system administrators.

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Upon completion of the user registration form, the user or system admin will then be

prompted with a pop-up window indicating that the user account has been added to

the system database registry. The system also allows the web level admin support to

edit any account that exists in the system registry. By clicking on the name of the

user account, the web level admin can then view the user account. Upon completing

edit of the user account, web support level admin is then prompted that the account

has now been edited.

The web support admin also has the privilege of deleting any unwanted useraccount

in the system. First byclicking onthe delete user account link available in the menu

bar, then the system admin will then be redirected to a page indicating the list of user

accounts available in the system. By clicking on the name of the user account owner,

web support admin will then be redirected to a page listing down the user account

details, prompting whether or not the admin want to delete the account from system

25

registry. Upon clicking on deleting the account, admin will thenbe prompted that the

account has been deleted.

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Figure 13 View UserRegistration Report page

The figure above shows the view user registration page where the system

administrators can view list of user accounts that is available in the system. This page

enlists all the usernames, level of access, names of the user that has been registered

to the system and also for the final year students that are registered to the system, the

semester they are taking the FYP; final semester.

The system also caters for second level access administrators enabling them toupload documents to the digital library system. Upon successful login to the system,this type of authorized user will then be redirected to the page as shown in the figurebelow where they are presented with a form to upload documents into the system, inthis page, the user would have to key in details of the documents as well as abstract

of the document.

26

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Figure 14 Upload document page

The system also allows these authorized users to edit any document that exists in the

system. By clicking on the title of the document, the authorized user can then view

the document. Upon completing edit of the document, the user is then prompted that

the document has now been edited.

These users also have the privilege of deleting any unwanted documents in the

system. First by clicking on the delete document link available in the menu bar, the

user will then be redirected to a page indicating the list of documents available in the

system. By clicking on the title of the document, they will then be redirected to a

page listing down all the document details and content, prompting whether or not

they want to delete the document from the system. Upon clicking on deleting the

document, user will then be prompted that the document has been deleted.

27

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Figure 15 View Document list page

As shown in the figure above, this is the page that will be viewed to the authorized

user to enable them to view the list of documents that is currently available on the

system. To be able to view the documents, these users would just have to click on the

document title which will link them to the document view page as shown in the

figure below.

Upon completion of administration tasks in the system, system administrators can

log out of the system by clicking on the logout menu available in the bar menu. By

clicking this, system admin will then be redirected to the page as indicated in the

figure below. By clicking on the "Yes, sign me out" button, registered user will then

be redirected out of the system in which the system window will then be closed but if

the system admin decides to cancel his / her action, then the system admin will then

be redirected back to the previous page that he / she had just viewed. This is

indicated by the figure below.

28

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Figure 16 System logoutpage

4.1.2 Findings :Digital Libraries on the market (System Study)

For this purpose, I did some comparison with existing digital libraries thatcan be found via the Web and I have stumbled upon ACM Digital Library. Duringthis system study, Inoticed that there are afew limitations to the system that in orderto meet up with the standards of existing digital libraries in the market, modificationswould need to be carried out. First and foremost, the figure below shows asnapshotof the digital library that has been used in this system study. More snapshots of thesystem are available inAppendix F.

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Figure 17 ACM Portal Main Page

29

By referring to the above figure, we can see that the system offers a lot of options for

user to search documents in the system. User can search according to different type

of documents, any keyword, etc. it also offers to the user the option to report any

difficulties or feedbacks on the system. It also provides the user on user manuals or

FAQs relating to the system. The system also offers two type of service subscription,

i.e. subscribe to the full service system or register for free, limited services. The

library also caters for document viewing ofPDF format files.

To use this digital library, user would have to have at least a registered account with

the system in order to use the basic, limited services. After logging in to the library,

user can search for their desired documents and they will then be given a list of

documents having high relativity to the keyword searched. By clicking on the links

on the document title, the user will then be redirected to a page where the user can

read the full abstract of the document and also an image of a PDF file of the

document to download and view the document.

From my research and study of the ACM Digital Library, I can see that the system

caters for document searching via multiple data repositories and can be indicated to

be using the document or index hierarchy document search method. This can help to

produce more results for document search and improve the response time for each of

the query made on the system search engine. This digital library also serves the

objective of document management and maintenance, information finding and

searching as well as serves its mainobjective, to serve its users as a reference point.

By comparing the developed system to this digital library, I can say that the system

still needs to be modified as to match to the standards set by existing digital libraries

in the market. Most importantly, this systemwould have to be modified so that it can

support document viewing in PDF formats. As most of the FYP documents is

produced using Microsoft products' such as Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Access,

etc.) and PHP doesn't support .DOC file conversion to .PDF files, it is advisable that

the system is developed using ASP as this programming language supports all

Microsoft's product. If this is achieved, the main purpose of developing a digital

library is then solved. Therefore, it is important to identify what are the most suited

tools to be used in developing the system during the requirement planning phase.

30

4.2 Discussion

Looking at the functionalities that is served by the current developed system,

the simplicity of the system is basically enough to accomplish the system objective

that is documentation management and preservation purposes. The idea of the system

is seen to be feasible as it can be applied via the university's local area network and

utilizes the current technology available in the campus. By applying this system into

the current university's situation, many individual can benefit from the system itself

as it can be referred to as reference centres on FYP documents and made accessible

to anyone connected to the university's LAN.

Apart from that, this system can be beneficial to the university's library as it

no longer has to store all the reports in hard copies as it now can provide online

services to its library users. By having the online services in the library, library users

as well as other users wouldn't have to worry about the report being unavailable on

shelf, etc as they can access the document via LAN at any point connected in this

campus. In a way, the university's library will now have more spaces to shelve all the

new books available in the market apart from having to allocate all those spaces for

the FYP reports.

Also by having this system online in the university's environment is that the

concept of FYP Digital Librarynot only can be utilizes by the IT and IS departments

but also by any departments or fields available in the university. As the concept of

the library is very simple, the university management wouldn't have to incur any cost

of implementing the system as user can easily grasp the administration concept of the

system. By applying this digital library concept to the whole university,

communication and reference activity is made simpler as the documents can be

accessible by any individual in the campus. Whenever the lecturer need its

supervisee to view a report as reference to his / her project or experiment theories,

neither the lecturer nor the student need to go through hardship in tracking for the

related document. The document is now available at anytime, anywhere and for any

purposes via the digital library.

Finally, with the implementation of the digital library in the campus, the

university will then be able to improve more onits current image and reputation may

it be in the tertiary education sector or in the view of the local community. This is

31

because the digital library concept applied in higher education institution is still new

and highly technology. Moreover, most of the institutions view this practice as costly

without looking at thebenefits that outweigh the cons of the system implementation.

32

CHAPTERS

CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion

This project is developed using the current web development technology that

is PHP and MySQL as its database to store the documents in the digital library. This

system caters for three type ofuser; system admin (supervisors and staff) and general

user (student and lecturers). The library is basically about documentation

management and preservation purposes. As the current document management

system is becoming more difficult to be handled, the idea ofthis FYP Digital Libraryis developed. This system caters only documents related to FYP documents

specifically final dissertations submitted upon completion of the projectdevelopment. By developing this library, not only the documents can be managedmore easily and preserved but also made accessible to any individual in the

university who needs it as reference material. With the development of the library,

user wouldn't have to worry about the report copy being inbad conditions making it

difficult to be used, user also wouldn't have to worry about the report copy being

unavailable due to other user borrowing it from the repository. This system made it

easier for all parties in UTP; library management, students who need reference

materials for their FYPs, lecturers doing research on fields ventured before in

previous FYPs, etc. Apart from that, by applying this digital library concept to theUTP environment, itwill be seen as an act to meet up with outsiders' expectations on

the level of technology and facilities in the university to the current modern and

futuristic image of UTP.

5.2 Recommendation

There are several recommendations that can be made for future enhancement ofthe

research area andalso to the FYPDigital Library whichare :

Bigger search area and multiple search result to the userAs per current FYP Digital Library, the user has to select out of the list ofdocuments available in the system and is not able to search via keyword

which is mostly applied in most search engines. For future enhancement of

•

33

•

the system, FYP Digital Library is to allow users to search via keywords and

be able to retrieve the documents which have related keywords to those being

searched.

.doc to .pdf file type conversion

Current file type conversion that is catered by FYP Digital Library is from

HTML forms to PDF formats. As it is supposed to allow the system

administrators to browse their local machines to search for the file to be

uploaded which should be in .doc formats, the current system only allows for

the admin to upload the document viaHTML forms that is bycommand copy

and paste document contents to the form and uploading it to the database. As

future enhancements to the system, the system should allow system admin to

browse local machine for .doc file to be upload and this file will then be

converted to .pdf filebehindtheprocess, made invisible to the user.

Securing document copyright

In the current system, user is only allowed to view the document content via

HTML form. By doing this, copyright of the document is unable to be

maintained as useris able to copy thedocument's content by right clicking on

the document view to copy the text. As an act of securing the documents

copyright, the document view page should disable the option to copy the

document content via any option at all.

34

REFERENCES

[1] Xavier Spriet, "Real-World PHP Security", Linux Journal, 1Apr. 2004, 7Aug.2004 <http://wwwliniixioumal.com/article.php>

[2] Fielding, Taylor, "Principled Design of the Modem Web Architecture", DaySoftware and University of California. 17 June 2002, 30 Aug. 2004.

[3] Beverly B. Zimmerman, "Applying Tufte's Principles of Information Design toCreating Effective Web Sites" Priph.mVn.imx University. 18 Dec. 97, 30 Aug2004

[4] Gail M. Hodge, Consultant to the International Council for Scientific andTechnical Information, Information International Associates, Inc., "BestPractises in Digital Archiving :An Information Life Cycle Approach" in D-LibMagazine January 2000, Volume 6Number 1. 24 July 2004

[5] Garret Waters. "Preserving Digital Information: Report of the Task Force onArchiving Digital Information.".! May 1996, 21 Jul. 2004<http://www.rlg.org/ArchTF/tfadi.index.htm>

[6] Arthur G. Gross, "FILE FORMAT FOR DATA EXCHANGE BETWEENGRAPHIC DATA BASES" <htbo^wwua^orgMl> 6Sept 2000, 31 Aug.2004

[7] WYan Garcia-Molina, "Information Finding in aDigital Library: the StanfordPerspective" Department of Computer Science, Stanford University. 2Nov.2000, 30 Aug. 2004

[8] H.M.Gladney, "Access Control for Large Collections", IBM Almaden ResearchCenter. 31 Aug. 2004

35

[9] Said Hadjerrouit. "Web-based Application Development: A Software

Engineering Approach" Agder University College 3 Sept. 2002, 25 July 2004

[10] Jeffrey L. Whitten, Lonnie D. Bentley, Kevin C. Dittman 2001, Systems

Analysis AndDesign Methods, new York, McGraw-Hill Irwin

36

APPENDICES A

FYP DIGITAL LIBRARY

SYSTEM GANTT CHART

10

16

19

~20~

"

21

~22~

23

~24~

25

~26~

27

~28~

29

"30

"

31

"32~ 33

"34"

35

~36~

37

IT 39

~40~

41

"42

"

43

~44~

Pro

ject

:FY

PD

igita

lL

ibra

ryD

ate

:T

ue

12

/14

/04

Task

Split

Pro

gre

ss

Mil

esto

ne

Su

mm

ary

Pro

ject

Su

mm

ary

Pag

el

Ex

tern

al

Task

s

Ex

tern

al

Mil

est

on

e

Dead

lin

e

Proj

ect:

FYP

Dig

italL

ibra

ryD

ate

iTu

e1

2/1

4/0

4

Task

Split

Pro

gre

ss

Mil

esto

ne

^8/

16 Su

mm

ary

Pro

ject

Su

mm

ary

Pag

e2

Ex

tern

al

Task

s

Ex

tern

al

Mil

est

on

e

Dead

lin

e

V

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APPENDICES B

FYP DIGITAL LIBRARY

STORYBOARD

Search page (Default Main Page)

A

BD / \

1 1

1 1

C

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : User (Administrator) Login area• Text: Usemame & Password

• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button : Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this section changes according to user access level• FAQ / Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Text: Search by• Button : Search

• Listbox : enable user to search by topic (e.g. wireless, web development),programme (e.g. IT,IS,CE,etc), student name (e.g. Zaharah,Husaini),supervisor name (e.g. Low Tang Jung, Rozana Kasbon) and semester(semester taking FYP, e.g. JUN99,JAN00).

• Background : UTP logo

Search Result page

A

B I \D / \1 1

/ \1 1

C

^ ^

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : User (Administrator) Login area• Text: Username & Password

• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button : Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this section changes according to user access level• FAQ / Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Text: Search result of "<keyword>"• Table : result of search is viewed in table form. Attributes of table consist of

topic, title of project (hyperlinked to document), student name, supervisor'sname, programme and semester taken FYP

• Background : UTP logo

User (Administrator) Login Page

A

B / \C

\ /LZ \ ' /L__

^ ^

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : Body area• Text 1 : Usemame

• Text 2 : Password

• Button : Enter

• Text fields (one for each attribute)• Background : UTP logo

C : Image of Chancellor's Complex / Library

NOTE : This page is viewable to all user if click login page but only accessible toadministrators assigned to the system.

Upload document page

A

B D

C

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : User (Administrator) Login area• Text: Usemame & Password

• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button: Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this section changes according to user access level• FAQ / Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Texts : Topic, Title, Student Name, Supervisor Name, Programme, Semester• Text fields : for each attribute 1 and 1 allocated for filename browsed to be

uploaded• Button 1: Browse

• Button 2: Upload• Background : UTP logo

NOTE : This page is viewable only to administrators assigned to the system.

Upload Success / Fail Page

A

B D

C

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : User (Administrator) Login area• Text: Usemame & Password

• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button: Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this sectionchanges according to user access level• FAQ / Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Text: "The document has (been / not) successfully been uploaded."• Hyperlink : Back to Main Page• Background : UTP logo

Document selected page

A

B D E

1 |

1 |

C

Description

A : Banner (consist of pictures on UTP's surrounding)• Have date and time counter

B : User (Administrator) Login area• Text: Usemame & Password

• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button: Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this section changes according to user access level• FAQ / Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Background : UTP logo

E : Selected document (viewed in pdf format)

User (Administrator) Registration Page

A

B/ \

D /

/ \1 i /

1 |1

1

C/

LI \/

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1

Description

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• Text fields (each attribute 1)• Button : Go!

C : Main Menu (links)• User registration• Menu on this section changes according to user access level• FAQ/Help Guideline• Logout

D : Body area• Texts : Username, Password, Name, Position, Programme, Admin User Level• Text fields : for each attribute 1 exceptfor Programme attribute and Admin

User Level attribute

• Button 1: Register• Listbox 1: IT, IS, CE, ME, EE, CV• Listbox 2: Level 1 Web Support (Champion)

Level 2 FYP Coordinator

Level 3 Lecturer

• Background : UTP logo

NOTE : This page isviewable only to 1st level administrator(s) assigned to thesystem.

APPENDICES C

FYP DIGITAL LIBRARY

SYSTEM METHODOLOGY

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APPENDICES D

FYP DIGITAL LIBRARY

UML DIAGRAMS

&

DATABASE STRUCTURE

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Table 1 FYP Digital Library Database Structure

Tahlc Niinii' Allrihutc

title

Dulii Typevarchar2

I'iclcJ Length DescriptionFYP doc 100 Document liile

stu name varchar2 50 Author

sv name varchar2 50 Supervisor's namesem varchar2 8 Semester taking FYPdoc longblob Document file

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jJn.in •iJHk1

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username varchar2 15 Admin's login IDpassword varchar2 15 Admin's access code

c_pword varchar2 15 Confirmation of admin's

access code

access_level varchar2 30 Admin's level of access in

system

APPENDICES E

FYP DIGITAL LIBRARY

SYSTEM SNAPSHOTS

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•Th= application of digital libraries oi web archives, has been significantIdueing the past feu years such as uith the introduct ion of the neb ctevelopmenr{technology and imp lenientat ion of data repositories in office automation. The^objective at the project is to develop Final Year Project Digital Library, aiHeb archiving system fof documentation management &i"J preservation purposes.

-The current system has been toa big and becoming difficult to dandle, as theinuitbet of the final yean project documents to be maintained and managed are of:biBQHi: numbeCE now. This has made the effort of keeping all these documents!#or reference purposes difficult, With the development of the final yeariprojecC digital library that shall serve the function of web archive, thaseituo main goals mill be able to be accomplished. The ucb development project;involvss the application of RAD (rapid application development) methodology asiused in various smallee projects. In order to accomplish these objectives.

Figure 10 FYP Digital Library view Document page

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APPENDICES F

ACM DIGITAL LIBRARY

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1 Tools'"e-f bm'dnci dieitai i|br^t|̂ s As^arnbilng andenriching dia:;«i •ibi'aiv ;oli$cin?p5 QDavid Balnbndge, John Thompson, Ian N. Wit tenMayit)fJ3 Proceedings of the third ACM/IEEE-CS joint conferBiice on Digital libraries

Full text available f^jiliJJiiy.iiJiB! Additional Information SijisjUMr:. iLfefeSSts-J. ISffiaaiiBS. WiiE.GS. iiifeMasPeople who create digital libraries need to gather together the raw material add metadata as necessary, anddesign and build new collections. This paper sets out tha requirements for these tasks and describes a new toolthat supports them interactively, making i! easy for users to create their own collections from electronic files of alltypes. The process involves selecting documents for inclusion, corningup with a suitable metadata set, assigningmetadata to each document or g'oup of document ...

i gyfrinacii'iG raE-.'jurroq ard •wrvitft-v TcWiiYis o 'iil'umi'•;?:'iIrcis digitaliihraryGregory Crane. Clifford WulfmanMay2QTJ3 Proceedings of the third ACM/IEEE-CS juint conference on Digital libraries

Fun lantavail5bie:^JriffiEaiiaitD. Additional information &L==Jli!ajlat. i&lliil, llMLWim., riling}. ir=nw tt-r-nThis paper surveys research areas relevant to cultural heritage digital libraries,. The emerging National SciDigitalLibrarypromises to establish the foundation on which those of us beyond the scientific and enginecommunity will likely build. This paper thus articulates the particular issues that we have encountered in icultural heritage rallections. We provide a broad overview of audiences, collections, and services.

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Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE-CSjoint conferencHouston, TexasSESSION: Tools for building digitallibranesicllpdcr.niinlsPogss. 323 - 334

Year o! Pubficatiori 2Dh3

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jlunJliflUlli'MI Univ.nilyolWaiVato. Hamilton. N.ivZ.alanO'id H. WlBan unlvinlty*'Waitl», Hamilton. NawZtilanil

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* ABSTRACT

People who create digital libraries need to gather together the raw material, add metadata as necessary, and design andbuild new collections. This paper sets out the requirements for these tasks and describes a new tool that, sup ports-theminteractively, making it easy for users to create their own collections from electronic files of all types. The process involves

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Assembling and Enriching Digital Library Collections

DavidBniiibridae, JohnTljompson and Ibis H. WifteaDepartmentof Computer Science

Universityof WaikatoHamilton, JVw Zealand

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Abstract

People who create digital libraries need to gartertogether the rev,-material, aid metadata az ntcissary.mid rf«/gn fliiij build 'T?u> collation!.. This paper jirrjout the retjUtreinejiisfor these tasks and describes a i'wtoo! that supports them interactive!}-,mufring it ens} forinert to (i tale llletr tmn coileanai fromsierrmric flip;oftii! ispes Thtprectus intoh-es selecting docimieius foriticiushti, cowing up --rah a :ttl;ttblc meindtitti set.assigning meiadaia io ciir'i doenmew c group of

necessary 10deal wltlv paper do.ouai;nt? aad rlie processof digitization jin) OCR [10], htraever, w_ caiuiol adrtrcssibsse issue, ".lie re.

The reqaiiemenl for <uc!i a tool originated in t!iccontext of disiia! ktafiet fci sustainable development\13] Effective liiunaji development b'oprbfiHb fromempowenneni rather than giftiaa: ^ thi Chbitst provsrbssyi. 'Give ,1man a fisn and be ivill eat for a day; tcaclihim lo fish and lie will eai for the res; of hi* da"."

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