fire safety in buildings: fire resistance testing...– bs 476: 20 and 21 – din 4102 – iso 834...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fire Safety in buildings: Fire resistance testing
Tallinn, 13 September 2005
Julie Bregulla (Dipl.-Ing., PhD)
Test standards and route to compliance
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Establish fire resistance of structural elements
Codes and Standards, such as EN 1995-1-2
•Loadbearing capacity•Fire resistance•Acoustic performance•…..
Testing
Third party approval- ‘Certification’
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Main structural members
BeamsColumns
Horizontal members Vertical members
RoofsWalls
loadbearing non-loadbearing
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Structural Performance
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Methods and design standards available
• Test Methods– BS 476: 20 and 21
– DIN 4102– ISO 834
• Design standards– BS 5268: Part 4
– EN1995 (Eurocode 5)– …
All construction types and systemscan be assessed!
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Fire performance
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European fire resistance testing
• Four main sections– Walls
– Floors and roofs– Beams
– Columns
• And also– Balconies
– Stairs, walkways in preparation
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Fire resistance - Compartmentation
0
200
400
600
800
1000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Time (min)
Tem
pera
ture
(de
g C
)
201t8345T ++= )log(
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Performance requirements
• Loadbearing capacity (R)– Limiting deflection/ contraction– Limiting rate of deflection/ contraction
• Insulation (I)– Temperature on unexposed surface increases on average (five
thermocouples) by more than 140oC– Temperature on unexposed surface in one location by more than 180oC
• Integrity (E)– Ignition of cotton pad– Passage of gap gauge– Sustained flaming
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Fire resistance - Compartmentation
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1 11 21 31 41
T ime (min)
Tem
pera
ture
(deg
C)
Depending on layers of plasterboard:
•30 min or•60 min
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Designing timber structures for fire resistance
• EN 1995-1-2: Most comprehensive code for designing timber structures in fire
– Two calculation methods mainly used
• Effective cross section
• Reduced strength and stiffness method
– Advanced analytical method
• BS 5268: Part 4– Tested and trialled element build-
up
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Calculating fire resistance- two methods
Effective cross section method
Reduced strength and stiffness method
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UK approach- in co-existence with Eurocode 5
• Tested and trialled elements of construction• Both for walls and floors
Wall Floor
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Internal wall 60:60:60Contribution exposed lining
Contribution unexposed lining
R E I R E I
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Construction and execution of greatest importance!
• Particular attention to detailing of protective linings at corners and junctions,
• Fixings of linings very important
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Fire protection
• Fire properties of timber well understood
• Can be modified to meet demands
• Predictable charring rate and structural response
• Timber can be used in UK buildings of up to 18m high
Extensive researchin TF2000
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Opportunities for timber!
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