First aid

Unit 5

aidtemporary

injury bleed ankle choke

cupboard

n. & vt. 帮助 ; 援助adj. 暂时的 ; 临时的n. 损害 ; 伤害vi. & vt. 流血n. 踝 ( 关节 )vi. & vt. ( 使 ) 噎住 ; ( 使 ) 窒息n. 橱柜 ; 衣柜

Words preview

What is first

aid?First aid is a temporary form of help

given to someone who falls ill or gets

injured before a doctor can be found.

First aid is the emergency treatment for

an injured or sick person before

professional medical care.

What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid?

AccidentFirst aid

drown

bleed chokeburn/catch fire

cut

a bloody nosea snake bite

a sprained ankle

a broken arm

Brainstorming

What has happened to them?

What can you do to help these people?

Nowadays there are a lot of accidents in our daily life. What would you do in such situations?

1. The best way to treat a hurt ankle is to __________. A. put an ice pack on your ankle B. put a heating pad( 垫子 )around your ankle C. keep on walking and jumping

2. If you get a nosebleed, gently let your

head back to stop the bleeding.

A. True.

B. False.

It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.

3. To treat a burn, you should _______.

A. rub( 擦 )some butter on it

B. hold the burnt part under cold

running water

C. put salt on the burnt part

4. You should wait at least five minutes

before touching somebody who has

been struck by lightning, or you might

get a shock ( 打击 ).

A. True.

B. False.

5. Your friend has an asthma ( 哮喘 ) attack,

but she doesn’t have her medicine. You’d better _________. A. get a paper bag for her to breathe into B. get her a cup of coffee C. take her outside for fresh airCaffeine ( 咖啡因 ) can help to dilate ( 扩大 ) the windpipe ( 气管 ).

6. To treat a choke, you should make

him/her spit by patting him/her on

the back.

A. True.

B. False.

7. If someone is having a heart attack,

you should first:

A. Call 120.

B. Perform CPR ( 心肺复苏 ).

Assessment of results

All correct: Congratulations! You have

a good knowledge of first aid. You may

become a first aid expert in the near

future.

4 ～ 7: You have some knowledge of

first aid, but you should work harder

and learn more about it.

0 ～ 3: It seems that you are not

interested in first aid. If an emergency

happens to the people around you, you

will have some trouble in helping them.

What happened in the picture? What kind of first aid should you give?

a snake bite

• The person bitten must get a doctor

or go to hospital at once.• Speed is very important.

• It will help the doctor greatly if

you can tell him what kind of snake

it was, or describe the situation.

first aid for a snake bite

What happened in the picture? What kind of first aid should you give?

bleeding

• Try to stop the bleeding.

• Press a handkerchief onto the

bleeding point and hold it there.

• Hold up the part of body which is

bleeding if possible.

first aid for

bleeding

What happened in the picture? What kind of first aid should you give?

a sprained ankle

• Tied with medical bandage.

• It is better to avoid walking with the

injured ankle.

• It is correct to use ice bag for removing

pain and bleeding, and it won’t

influence our own body healing.

first aid for a sprained ankle

What happened in the picture? What kind of first aid should you give?

choking

Make him / her spit by patting

him / her on the back.

To avoid choking, we shouldn’t talk

or laugh when eating.

first aid for

choking

What happened in the picture?

What kind of first aid should you give?

a broken arm

• Do not move the patient.

• Support the broken arm in the

most comfortable position.

• Get medical help immediately.

first aid for a broken arm

What happened in the picture? What kind of first aid should you give?

a nosebleed

•Breathe through the mouth, not the nose.•Sit up and bend the head slightly

forward. •Pinch ( 捏 ) both nostrils ( 鼻孔 ) shut

using a thumb and forefinger. •Spit out any blood that collects in the

mouth.

first aid for a nosebleed

What would you do in the following situations?

What could we do to prevent these accidents?

• Learn how to swim.

• Swim with a life-buoy ( 救生圈 / 衣 ).• Never swim alone.

• Don’t swim in dangerous waters.

• Follow the traffic rules and be careful.

• Use crosswalks and look at both sides

when crossing the street.

• Never use a cellphone while driving,

riding a bike or walking on a busy

street.

• Keep calm and find your way

out quickly, using the escape

route exit.

• Try to sound the fire alarm.

• Don’t open the door if the door is hot or if you see smoke coming under the door.

• Stand in front of an open window and shout for help. Try to cover your mouth with a wet towel.

• Never play with knives or

other sharp objects.

• Always be careful with

your tools, especially knives.

• Don’t eat too fast and don’t

forget to chew your food.

• Don’t talk or laugh while

having food in the mouth.

Important Numbers

120

119

110

Emergency medical service

Fire department

Police department

Choose the best answer.

1. Which person would you help first?

A. Li Yan, who has cut her foot on glass.

B. Xue Jin, whose nose is bleeding.

C. GaoYuan, who is on the ground not

breathing.

D. Wang Feng, who has broken her arm.

2. What should the first step be when you

carry out rescue breathing?

A. Clear the airway.

B. Check the pulse.

C. Blow into the victim’s mouth.

D. Check for breathing.

3. How would you stop severe bleeding?

A. Cover the wound with plastic.

B. Wash the wound.

C. Do nothing as the bleeding will stop by

itself.

D. Put a bandage over the wound and

then press on it.

4. A friend is choking on a piece of food

and is coughing badly. What should

you do?

A. Do nothing.

B. Carry out rescue breathing.

C. Have him/her lie down and rest.

D. Slap him/her four or five times on

the back.

First aid is the science of giving

medical care to a person before a

doctor can be found. Anyone with the

knowledge can give first aid; you

don’t have to be a doctor. First aid, if

quickly and correctly given, can save

a person’s life.

Summary

Questions for the picture below:

1. What is on the cupboard? What has happened to the little girl?

2. What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation?

Cool the area of skin; wash it

under the cold running water.

Cover the wound with

bandage/clean cloth.

See a doctor if necessary.

first aid for burn

Homework1. Look up the new words

and expressions of the

reading in the dictionary.

2. Preview the reading:

FIRST AID FOR BURNS