First English Settlements

Roanoke - 1585

• Sir Walter Raleigh.

• Located near the Outer Banks in North Carolina.

• Became the Lost Colony and is still a mystery today.

• Speculation.

Jamestown - 1607

Jamestown Expedition

• Council - 6 (Captains)

• Preacher - 1 Sailor - 1

• Blacksmith - 1 Bricklayer - 2

• Carpenter - 6 Masons - 1

• Barber - 1 Drummer - 1

• Laborers - 13 Boys - 4

• Gentlemen - 29

• Virginia Company of London secured a charter from King James I.

• Original settlers were unprepared for life in a hostile environment. “Too many chiefs”. Over half of the company were “gentlemen”.

• Starvation in a land of plenty.

• Captain John Smith takes command.

• The Algonquian tribe and Powhatan.

Why was there trouble with the Indians?

• Spreading the myth of white supremacy?

• Beginning of the near genocide of the Native American peoples.

In 1612, John Rolfe began cultivating tobacco. This:

• Gave the colonists a cash crop that grew well in Virginia soil.

• Pushed settlements westward.

(Which led to ?)

• Limited the prosperity of Virginia to one crop.

• 1619. First black slaves sold. Significance?

Tobacco

Plymouth - 1620

• Pilgrims.• Religious freedom.• William Bradford.• Was later absorbed by

the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Massachusetts Bay - 1630

• Puritans. Wished to purify the Anglican Church of anything resembling Catholicism.

• Congregationalists & Separatists.

• Secured a charter from King Charles I.

• Led by John Winthrop. “City on a hill.”

• Prospered from the start. Started with 17 ships and 1000 settlers. Well equipped with food, tools and valuable skills.

Puritan v. Pilgrim

• Social class.

• Covenant concept: voluntary but sacred agreements by which they understood themselves to be bound together in church and community.

• Mayflower Compact. Consent of the governed.

• Relationship between church and state.

• Attitude.