Five Year Plan.

By:- firoz qureshiDept. psychiatric nursing

INTRODUCTIONOur leader Jawaharlal Nehru has said: the community project are bright, vital and the dynamic sparks all over India from which radiate rays of energy, hope and enthusiasm health forms an integral part of community project. Therefore it is needless to say that community health nurse is an integral part of the whole team of the health and welfare services.

Members in the planning commission 1- Chairman.2-Deputy Chairman.

Function of the planning commission 1- Make an assessment of the material, capital and human resources of the country, including technical personnel, and investigate the possibilities of augmenting such of these resource as are found to be deficient in relation to the nations requirement.

2- Format a plan for the most effective and balanced utilization of country's resources.

Cont 3- On a determination of priorities, define the stages in which the plan should be carried out and propose the allocation of resources for the due completion of each stage. 4- Indicate the factors which are tending to retard economic development, and determine the condition which, in view of the current social and political situation, should be established for the successful execution of the plan.

Cont.. 5- Determine the nature of machinery which will be necessary for securing the successful implementation of each stage of the plan in all its aspects.

Steps involved in planning processThe various stages in the process of planning are as follows:1. Goal setting:Plans are the means to achieve certain ends or objectives. Therefore, establishment of organizational or overall objectives is the first step in planning. Setting objectives is the most crucial part of planning. The organizational objectives should be set in key areas of operations.They should be verifiable i.e., they should as far as possible be specified in clear and measurable terms. The objectives are set in the light of the opportunities perceived by managers. Establishment of goals is influenced by the values and beliefs of executives, mission of the organization, organizational resources, etc.

2. Developing the planning premises:Before plans are prepared, the assumptions and conditions underlying them must be clearly defined these assumptions are called planning premises and they can be identified through accurate forecasting of likely future events.

3. Reviewing Limitations:In practice, several constraints or limitations affect the ability of an organization to achieve its objectives. These limitations restrict the smooth operation of plans and they must be anticipated and provided for.The key areas of lmitations are finance," human resources, materials, power and machinery. The strong and weak points of the enterprise should be correctly assessed.

4. Deciding the planning period:

Once the broad goals, planning premises and limitations are laid down, the next step is to decide the period of planning. The planning period should be long enough to permit the fulfilment of the commitments involved in a decision.

5. Formulation of policies and strategies:

After the goals are defined and planning premises are identified, management can formulate policies and strategies for the accomplishment of desired results. The responsibility for laying down policies and strategies lies usually with management. But, the subordinates should be consulted as they are to implement the policies and strategies.

6. Preparing operating plans:After the formulation of overall operating plans, the derivative or supporting plans are prepared. Several medium range and short-range plans are required to implement policies and strategies.These plans consist of procedures, programmers, schedules, budgets and rules. Such plans are required for the implementation of basic plans.

7.Integration of plans:Different plans must be properly balanced so that they support one another. Review and revision may be necessary before the plan is put into operation. Moreover, the various plans must be communicated and explained to those responsible for putting them into practice.

FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN(1951-56) The first Indian prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru presented the first five yr plan the five year plan to the parliament of India on December 8, 1951. The first plan sought to get the country out of the cycle of poverty. The plan addressed, mainly the agrarian sector, including investment in dams and investigation. The total plan budget of 206.8 billion INR was allocated to seven broad areas:- 1) irrigation and energy(27.2 %)2) Agriculture and community development(17.4%)3) Transport and communication(24%)

Conti4) industry(8.4%)5) social services(16.64%)6) land rehabilitation(4.1%)7) other (2.5%)

The world health organization, with the indian government, addressed childrens health and reduced infant mortality, indirectly contributing to population growth.

First Plan [1951-1956]. Aim: The aims of the first five year was to fight against diseases, malnutrition ,and unhealthy environment and to build up health services for rural population and for mother and children in order to improve general health status of people.

PRIORITIES - safe water supply and sanitation -Control of Malaria. - Health care of rural population. - Health services for mother and children. - Education and training and health education. - Self sufficiency in drugs and equipments. - Family planning and population control.

Second Plan [1956-1961]. Aim: the aim of the second five year plan was to expand existing health services to bring them within the reach of all people so as to promote progressive improvement of nation's health.

PRIORITIES: - establishment of institutional facilities for rural as well as for urban population.- development of technical manpower. - control of communicable disease. - water supply and sanitation. - family planning and other supporting programme

Third Five Year Plan [1961-66]. AIMS:

The main aim of Third Five Year Plan was to remove the shortage and deficiencies which were observed at the second Five Year Plan in the field of health.

Cont.The third five year plan was to expand health services to bring about progressive improvement in the health of the people (environmental sanitation, control and eradication of communicable diseases, organization of institutions facilities for providing health services and training) by ensuring a certain minimum of physical wellbeing and creating conditions, favorable to grater efficiency and productivity.

PRIORITIES: - Safe water supply in village and sanitation especially the drainage programme in the urban areas. - Expansion of institutional facilities to promote accessibility. - Eradication of Malaria and Smallpox and control of various other communicable diseases. - Family planning and other supporting services for improving health status of people. - Development of manpower.

Fourth Five Year Plan [1969-1974]

The fourth five year plan did not start soon after Third five year plan due to some political reasons. It started in 1969.

Fourth Five Year Plan [1969-1974]AIM: The main aim of this plan was to strengthen primary health centre network in the rural areas for undertaking preventive, curative and family planning services and to take over the maintenance phase of communicable disease.

PRIORITIES

- Family planning programme.- Strengthening of primary health centers. - Intensification of control programme

Fifth Five Year Plan [1974-1979]The fifth five year plan launched on April 1, 1974 with an outlay of Rs 37.250 corers in the public sector.

OBJECTIVES:-The primary objective during the fifth plan was to provide minimum public health services integrated with family planning, nutrition and immunization of children as a PACKAGE PROGRAM under the minimum needs programme.

Cont.AIM: The main aim of the fifth five year plan was to provide minimum level of well integrated health , MCH and FP, Nutrition and immunization service to all the people with special reference to vulnerable group especially children, pregnant women and nursing mothers.

PRIORITIESIncreasing accessibility of health service in rural areas. Correcting regional imbalance.Further development of referral service by removing deficiencies in district and subdivision hospital.Integration of health, family planning and nutrition.Qualitative improvement in the education and training of health personnel.

Sixth Five Year Plan [1980-1985]The six five year plan a land mark in the history of womens development, as it receive recognition as one of the development sectors and was included in sixth plan document as separate chapter for the first time in the history of development planning.Great emphasis was placed on removal of unemployment, integral rural development and minimum needs program me.

Cont.Aim: The main aim of the sixth five year plan was to workout alternative strategy and plan of action for primary health care as part of national health system, which is accessible to all section of society and especially those living in tribal, hilly, remote rural area and urban slums.Priorities: Rural health services.Control of communicable and other disease.Develop of rural and urban hospital.

cont..Improvement in medical education and traing.Medical research.Drug control and prevention of food adulteration.Population control and family welfare including MCH.Water supply and sanitation.Nutrition.

Seventh Five Year Plan [1985-1990]Aim: The aim for the seventh five year plan was to plan and provide primary health care and medical services to all with special consideration of vulnerable groups and those who are living in tribal, hilly and remote rural area so as to achieve the goal of health for all.Priorities: Health services in rural, tribal and hilly areas under minimum need programme.

ContMedical education and training.Control of emerging health problem especially in the area of non- communicable disease. MCH and family welfare.Medical research.Safe water supply and sanitation.Standardization , integration and application of India system of medicine.

Eighth Five Year Plan [1992-1997]Aim: The main aim of this plan was to continue reorganization and strengthening of health infrastructure and medical services accessible to all especially to vulnerable area etc.Priorities: Developing rural health infrastructure.Medical education and training.

ContControl of communicable disease.Strengthening of health services.Medical research.Universal immunization.MCH and family welfare.Safe water supply and sanitation.

Ninth Five Year Plan [1997-2002]During the ninth plan effort were to made to tackle this dual (communicable and non communicable ) disease burden effectively so that there is sustained improvement in the health status of the population.

cont.Aim: The ninth plan continued with the same aim as that of eighth plan which was mainly concerned with reorganization and strengthening of infrastructure so as to provide primary health care services accessible to all especially those living in remote rural , hilly and tribal area.Priorities: Control of communicable and non- communicable disease.

Cont..Efficient primary health care system as part of basic health care services to optimize accessibility and quality care.Improvement of referral linkage.Development of human resources, meeting increasing demands of nurse in specialty and super specialty area.Strengthening of existing national vertical programme

ContDisaster and emergency management.Strengthening of health research.Inter- sector co-ordination.

Tenth Five Year Plan [2002-2007] During the tenth five year plan, efforts will be further intensified to improve the health status of the population by optimizing coverage and quality of care be identifying and rectifying the critical gaps in infrastructure, manpower, equipment, essential diagnostic reagents and drugs.

Target of Tenth Five Year PlanReduction of poverty ratio by 5-percentage points by 2007, and by 15-percentage point by 2012.All children in school by 2003, all children to complete 5-years of schooling by 2007.Reduction in gender gaps in literacy and wage rates by at least 50 percentage 2007.Reduction in the rate of population growth between 2001 and 2011 to 16.2 percentage.

Cont..Increase literacy rate to 75 percentage with the plan period.Reduction of infant mortality rate to 45% 1000 live births by 2007 and to 28 by 2012.Reduction of maternal mortality ratio to 2% 1000 live birth by 2007 and to 1 by 2012.All village to have sustained access to potable drinking water with in the plan period.

Eleventh Five Year Plan [2007-2012] Working group/steering committees/Task Force for the Eleventh Five Year Plan. Planning commission, Government of India.

ContIncome & Poverty.Education.Health.Women & children.Infrastructure.Environment.

12th Five-Year Plan (India)

12th Five Year Planof theGovernment of India(201217) is under drafting which aims at one direction will help in doing so the growth rate at 8%.With the deteriorating global situation, the Deputy Chairman of the Planning CommissionMr Montek Singh Ahluwaliahas said that achieving an average growth rate of 9 per cent in the next five years is not possible. The final growth target has been set at 9% by the endorsement of plan at theNational Development Council(NDC) meeting held inNew Delhi.

"It is not possible to think of an average of 9 per cent (in 12th Plan). I think somewhere between 8 and 8.5 per cent is feasible", Mr Ahluwalia said on the sidelines of a conference of State Planning Boards and departments. The approached paper for the 12th Plan, approved last year, talked about an annual averagegrowth rateof 9 per cent.

Though the 12th Plan has taken off, it is yet to be formally approved. ThePlanning Commissionhas set a deadline of September for taking the approval of the NDC. The council is expected to meet after July subject to the convenience of thePrime Minister.

objectives of Current 5 year plan(2012-17)CURRENT FIVE YEAR PLAN (2012- 2017) By- Sweety GuptaIndia at the time of independence was left with crippling economy by British, which needed attention and well planned strategies to boom again in the global market. The Planning Commission was set up by a Resolution of the Government of India in March 1950 in pursuance of declared objectives of the Government to promote a rapid rise in the standard of living of the people by efficient exploitation of the resources of the country, increasing production and offering opportunities to all for employment in the service of the community.

Conti.

The Planning Commission was charged with the responsibility of making assessment of all resources of the country, augmenting deficient resources, formulating plans for the most effective and balanced utilisation of resources and determining priorities.

Balanced regional development. Govt. intervention required for development of infrastructure Govt. activism required for socially desirable activities with available resources and foreign exchange To deal with disparity of income and wealth Five year plan objectives:

Conti.ECONOMIC GROWTH In 12th five year plan, 9% GDP growth is expected. Higher investment and fund mobilization will induce market development and employment. Well regulated and integrated markets would generate enough jobs and live hood opportunities. Growth of a sector through PPP model would lead to decentralization of economies and inclusion of various sectors, such that a parallel economic development is induced from this multi- sectoral growth approach.

Conti. AGRICULTURE India is now self dependent for domestic food demands as a result of green revolution and previous five year plans. Rural economy growth has to be enhanced by sustained agriculture growth and development of rural areas by providing rural infrastructure and amenities.

Conti. TRANSPORTATION In order to attain an overall growth urban governance, urban renewal, finance and urban transportation reforms should be focused. Adequate transport facilities would result in efficient distribution network, thereby reducing in accessibility and consequently save the cost involved. Improved connectivity would also help in managing urbanization and reduction of migration in metro cities, leading to development of small and medium town.

Conti.ENVIRONMENT With the fast pace of industrialisation, India is already loosing area under forest cover rapidly. More human interventions will lead to severe loss of habitat. Environmental degradation and ecological imbalance are the two aspects which result out of development initiatives at local and global levels

Conti.DECENTRALIZATION Previous five years plans have faced the reluctance of public participation. The 12th five year plan however talks about decentralization, empowerment and informationHEALTH CARE Healthcare conditions are improving in the country but its affordability and accessibility is still an area to be focused on. Curative and preventive healthcare would help in increasing general quality of life.

ContiFocus on women and children is essential but importance to elderly class and handicaps in order to achieve inclusive healthcare development is essential

EDUCATION Education being a concerned sector in five year plans has to be now emphasized more on accessibility, affordability and quality. The employability is to be increased for optimum exploitation of human resources. Improvement in educational infrastructure, research and developments

Conti.CONCLUSION The economy will enter the 12th plan period in an environment of great promise but also one that presents major challenges. India has done well on the growth front, but not so well on inclusion.

BIBLIOGRAPHYKamalam S., Essential In Community Health Nursing Practice, 2nd edition, 2012; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) ltd. New Delhi. page number:- 68 92Clement I, Basic concepts of community health nursing, 2nd edition, 2009; Jaypee Brothers medical publisher(p) LTD. New Delhi. Page no:- 222-230Stanhope Marcia & Jeanette Lancaster, "Public Health Nursing, 8th edition, 2008; Elsevier publisher printed in united states of America. Page no:- 550- 557

CONTPark K., Preventive Medicine And Social Medicine,20th Edition,2009; M/s Banarsidas Bhanot publisher 1167, Prem nagar,Jabalpur,(M.P.) India. Page no:- 778M.wikipedia.org.

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