for the people: hirise data products · products alfred mcewen, rod heyd, sarah sutton, ari...
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For the People: HiRISE Data
Products Alfred McEwen, Rod Heyd, Sarah
Sutton, Ari Espinosa, Audrey Fennema, Rich Leis, Guy McArthur, Chris Schaller, Matt Chojnacki, Laz
Kestay, Kris Becker, Randy Kirk, Eric Eliason
LPL, University of Arizona; USGS, Flagstaff
HiRISE ESP_014339_0930 South Pole residual CO2 ice cap in mid-summer
PIXELS
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• S/C orbital motion “pushes” sensor projection across ground
• Line integration timing is matched to orbital ground speed (~3.4 km/s)
• 25-32 cm/pixel
• Sensor (linear array of pixels) integrates during motion of single pixel: ~0.0001 second!
• Add 128 lines to build up signal Altitude varies with latitude and topography, ~250-315 km
• 2048 x128 TDI Line Arrays • Color Filters suspended above each detector • Flexible band tuning • Multiple colors
HiRISE FPA 20,000 pixels (non-overlap) in Cross-Track direction
IFOV = 1.0 µrad FOV = 1.15 degrees (20K pixels)
“Swath Width” Sub-satellite (nadir) velocity direction
50 cm aperture, F/24 (HiRISE Optical System)
Color Swath Width
Image Length
Sub-satellite (nadir) velocity
HiRISE “Pushbroom” Imaging High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment Alfred McEwen, Principal Investigator
HiRISE instrument designed and built at Ball Aerospace, Boulder CO, and flown on MRO spacecraft built by Lockheed-Martin in Littleton, CO.
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HiRISE Stereo Data Acquisition • Must point spacecraft to the side on 2 different
orbits • Produce 1-m scale Digital Terrain Models!
Left: DTM of part of Columbia Hills, explored by Spirit rover
Home Plate
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HiRISE Images with color stripe and full-
res sample
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HiRISE at Mars: March 18, 2016
ESP_026412_2035 Impact ejecta in Nili Fossae regi
• 42,214 Mars images returned • 135.6 TB in PDS • 29,474 Giga-pixels
– Covers 2.49% of Martian surface – Covers ~0.5% in color
• >4,598 stereo pairs completed – ~0.4% of Mars covered in stereo – 301 DTMs released to PDS
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HiRISE: The People’s Camera
• Who are The People? – General Public – Mars science community
• HiRISE has broken new ground in serving the science community – Image suggestion site
• /uahirise.org/hiwish – Produce useful high-level data
products – Release of data products to PDS
every month • 1-2 months after acquisition
– Use of JPEG2000 – Release of analysis tools
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>1000 HiRISE Papers! NASA ADS full-text search of refereed papers
end of 2015 with “HiRISE” in main text: 1082 publications
>70% of papers by non-MRO
authors
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HiRISE Data Products
• Raw data (Experiment Data Records or EDRs) • Calibrated and map-projected images (Reduced Data Records
or RDRs) • Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), plus associated products
– Orthoimages – Stereo anaglyphs – Color altimetry and shaded relief – Figure of Merit maps
• “Extra” data products – Nomap images—raw geometry, highest resolution
• Red and color – Merged IRB and RGB map-projected color
• IRB = IR, RED, BG images displayed as R-G-B • RGB = RED, BG, synthetic blue displayed as R-G-B
– Browse images—2048 pixels wide
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• Automated pipelines that work reliably are key to rapid release of data products
• HiRISE pipelines use ISIS
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EDRs and NoMap products
• EDRs are up to 28 narrow image strips (2 per CCD) • NoMap: radiometric cal plus stitch strips into single image in
raw geometry
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See Poster
Thursday evening!
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DTMs released to PDS
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Coregistration data from all nine of the overlapping RED CCD pairs in HiRISE PSP_007124_1765 plotted from before jitter removal (red) and after jitter removal (blue). Sample and line offsets are measured in pixels and plotted against the image time in seconds. Data points are extracted every 50 lines. The high-frequency distortions have been removed by the jitter correction algorithm, except near the very ends of the image. The average offset of each CCD pair is preserved, and is a function of the camera geometry. See McEwen et al., 2010; Sutton et al., paper in preparation.
Correcting Geometric
Distortions from Pointing Jitter
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DTM Mosaics
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• Software tools at /uahirise.org
• HiView—fast
browse/zoom, stretch, and measurements JPEG2000
• PDS_JP2 file conversion
• AutoTriangulation
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Orthoimage Series for Change Detection
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Largest new gully channel
seen
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Campaigns for Landing Sites
Phoenix Mission (2007-2008)
MSL (Curiosity rover) campaign led to selection of Gale crater (2007-2011)
Current campaigns: 2016 ExoMars EDM 2018 InSight lander 2018 (or 2020) ExoMars rover 2020 NASA rover
Future: Human landing sites and exploration
zones TBD
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HiRISE Data Product Wish List
Produce high-quality DTMs for all stereo pairs 4500 vs 300 PDS archival
HiPrecision geometric corrections to all images that need it
Normalized surface color/albedo products
Local mosaics
FFT processing to remove patterned noise Also can sharpen some images
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Summary: HiRISE, The People’s Camera
• MRO and HiRISE may return data for another decade • We should make more and better data products supporting
another 1,000 publications and future landing sites • Remember to smell the DTMs!