geography topics 9 12
TRANSCRIPT
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Geography
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1. Representations of the Earth
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Advantages and disadvantages of using:
World map • Advantages: It
represents the entire surface of the Earth.
• Disadvantages: The representation of the earth surface on a flat map distorts the shape and distance of some forms.
!
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Globe: • Advantages: it shows us
distances, landforms, distributions and size of continents and oceans all without distortions.
• Disadvantages: you can never see the entire surface of the earth and it is not easy to carry.
Advantages and disadvantages of using:
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SCALESHere, 1 cm on the map
represents 7,000 actual cm. This means: 1 cm on the
map equals 70 meters in the real life
Here, 1 cm on the map represents 500,000 actual cm. This means: 1 cm on the map equals 5000 meters in the real
life. THIS MEANS: 5 km.
Actual means "en
la realidad"
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Do you want to practice with scales? CLICK BELOW
http://aograde6.blogspot.com.es/2013/11/practice-with-scales.html
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MORE GEOGRAPHY.........
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PARALLELS
EQUATOR: it is the principal parallel, parallel 0º.
PARALLELS ARE NUMBERED FROM THE EQUATOR TO THE POLES IN DEGREES 0º TO 90º NORTH or SOUTH.
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PARALLELS
PARALLELS measure LATITUDE
LATITUDE: is the distance between any point on the Earth to the equator. We talk about northern or southern hemisphere.
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MERIDIANS
MERIDIANS: Imaginary lines that go from pole to pole.
GREENWICH meridian is the principal meridian so we call it PRIME MERIDIAN.
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MERIDIANS
MERIDIANS: are numbered in degrees from 0 to 180º EAST or WEST.
Meridians measure LONGITUDE which is the distance between any point on the Earth and the Greenwich meridian.We talk about eastern or western hemisphere
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COORDINATES
WHEN WE PUT THE LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE OF A PLACE
TOGETHER WE HAVE THE COORDINATES OF THE
LOCATION.
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WEBSITES !
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushuaia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Town
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Puntos_extremos_del_mundo
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2. World maps: Oceans and continents
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3. European continent: countries and capital cities
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4. European Landscapes: climates and vegetation
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5. Population in Spain and Europe
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Population
The population is the number of people who live in a territory. It can grow because of the natural growth and the migratory balance.
!• Natural growth( crecimiento natural): it is the difference between
the number of people who are born in an area ( birth rate) in one year and the number of people who die ( death rate) !!
• Migratory balance ( saldo migratorio): it is the difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants.
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Emigrant: it is a person who leaves their country to live in another country. !Immigrant: it is a person who comes to live in a foreign country
Immigration or
emigration?
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Population density• It is the number of inhabitants per square kilometer.
There is a formula to calculate: divide the number of inhabitants of a place by its surface area.
!Population density = n° inhabitants / surface area
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Population in Europe• Europe has an ageing population: there are more elderly
people than young people. Reasons for this:
• Low birth rate: few babies are born.
• Increasing life expectancy: on average about 74 years.
• Life expectancy: the average age people is expected to live to.
• In some countries, the births is less than the number of deaths, this is called NEGATIVE growth rate.
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