geothermal development in turkey
TRANSCRIPT
Geothermal Development Activities in Turkey Orhan Mertoglu, Nilgun Basarir
Presented by : Prof. (H.) Orhan MERTOGLU*
President, Turkish Geothermal Association and Jeotermal Araştırma ve Tesisler A.Ş./Ankara-Turkey
* - IGA, International Geothermal Association (Iceland-Germany), Vice President (2003-2007), European Branch Chairman (2007-2010), Honorary Member of the Board (2010-….), - EGEC-European Geothermal Energy Council (Belgium), former Vice President - Turkish Republic Ministry of Development 10th Development Plan (2014- 2018) Chairman of Geothermal Commissions
“Accelerating Geothermal Development in Turkey” 22-23 October 2013, Wyndham Kalamış - İstanbul
Today, the geothermal
electricity production in the
world has reached globally
13000 MWe and the non –
electrical use has reached
globally 53.000 MWth.
The 2050 geothermal electricity
production target of the
countries worlwide is 200.000
MWe install capacity .
GEOTHERMAL DIRECT USE APPLICATIONS
(as of May 2013) CAPACITY
GEOTHERMAL DISTRICT HEATING
(CITY, RESIDENCES)
89443 Residences Equivalence
(805 MWt)
GREENHOUSE HEATING ~ 3 Million m2
(612 MWt)
THERMAL FACILITIES HEATING 42.000 Residences Equivalence
(380 MWt)
BALNEOLOGICAL USE 350 Spa, thermal facility
(870 MWt) (Annual 16 million visitors)
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP 38 MWt
TOTAL GEOTHERMAL HEAT USE 2705 MWt
(260.000 Residences Equivalence)
TOTAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION 242 MWe
(Aydın-Germencik, Denizli-Sarayköy,
Aydın Salavatlı, Aydın-Hıdırbeyli,
Çanakkale-Tuzla)
CARBONDIOKSITE PRODUCTION 160.000 tons/year
EXISTING SITUATION OF GEOTHERMAL APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY (as of September 2013)
Installed Geothermal Power Plants
*expected to be operational during 2013.
Salavatli - Dora III geothermal power plant with 17 MWe capacity is under trial operation (beginning of Sept. 2013). The second 17 MWe unit is planned to start with trial operation in March 2014.
Field, Province Owner Type Operation Start-up
Year
Installed Capacity
(MWe)
Kizildere, Denizli ZORLU F 1984 15
Salavatlı (DORA-I), Aydin MENDERES B 2006 7.95
Kizildere, Denizli BEREKET* B 2007 6.85
Germencik, Aydin GÜRMAT F 2009 47.4
Tuzla, Çanakkale ENDA B 2010 7.5
Salavatlı (DORA-II), Aydin MENDERES B 2010 9.5
Hıdırbeyli (IREM), Aydin MAREN B 2011 20
Hıdırbeyli (SINEM), Aydin MAREN B 2012 24
Hıdırbeyli (DENIZ), Aydin MAREN B 2012 24
Kızıldere II ZORLU 2013 80
TOTAL 242.2
Field, Province Owner (MWe)
Sarayköy, Denizli IN-ALTI 3
Babadere, Çanakkale MTN 3
Manisa SANKO 15
Sarıkız, Manisa TURKERLER 10
Alaşehir, Manisa TURKERLER 24
Alaşehir, Manisa ZORLU 30
Merkez, Manisa KEN KIPAS 24
Nazilli, Aydin KIPER 20
Sultanhisar, Aydin ÇELİKLER 9.9
Atça, Aydin ALRES 9.5
Umurlu, Aydin KARKEY 5
Germencik, Aydin BURÇ 163
Salavatlı (DORA-IV), Aydin MENDERES 17
TOTAL 333.4
Geothermal power plants projects received license from EMRA (EPDK)
Field, Province Owner Type Capacity (MWe)
Pamukören, Aydin ÇELİKLER B 48
Gümüşköy, Aydin BM B 13.2
Sultanhisar, Aydın ÇELİKLER B 11
Salavatlı (DORA-III) 2nci bölüm,
Aydin MENDERES B 17
Manisa Alaşehir ZORLU B 45
Kütahya - Şaphane Ümran-Orya 24
Manisa - Alaşehir TÜRKERLER 24
TOTAL 182,2
Geothermal Power Plants under development and construction
Field, Province Owner Capacity (MWe)
Buharkent, Aydin LİMAK 15 + 15
Nazilli, Aydin KİPER 20
Yılmazköy, Aydın MAREN 24
Hıdırbeyli, Aydin MAREN 24 + 24 + 24 + 24
Kalfaköy, Aydın MAREN 24
Geothermal Power Plants planned
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1 2 3 4 5 62000 2005 2010 August 2013 End of 2013 Under developing /constructing
End of 2018 expected/ planned
15 MWe 15 MWe
94,2 MWe
242 MWe
~ 750 MWe
MW
e
~ 300 MWe
Development and projections of geothermal electricity production in Turkey
Turkey, has reached an important success in geothermal utilization in last years.
If we lo0k to the last 15 years, at the beginning this significant progress has been
achieved in;
-geothermal district heating systems, then
- world record (1st ranked) in rise of the geothermal greenhouse applications
(3 Million m2) in last 5 years
and
- in the last 5 years, especially in geothermal electricity production in Turkey. From 15
MWe to 242 MWe.
Place
Number of
residences
heated
Start-up
Geoth.
Water Temp.
(oC)
Investor
Balçova+Narlıdere 35.000 1983 125-140 Local Governorship and Municipality equal
shared Inc.
Gönen 2500 1987 80 Municipality Inc.
Simav 7500 1991 137 Municipality
Kırşehir 1800 1994 57 Local Governorship and Municipality Inc.
Kızılcahamam 2500 1995 70 Municipality Inc.
Afyon 8.000 1996 95 Local Governorship and Municipality Inc.
Kozaklı 3000 1996 90 Municipality Inc.
Sandıklı 6000 1998 75 Municipality Inc.
Diyadin 570 1999 70 Local Governorship Inc.
Salihli 7292 2002 94 Municipality
Sarayköy 2200 2002 95 Municipality Inc.
Edremit 4881 2003 60 Municipality + Private Sector Inc.
Dikili 2500 2010 125 Municipality Inc.
Bergama 450 2008 65 Municipality Ltd.
Güre 650 2009 65 Municipality
Sorgun 1500 2008 80 Municipality
Existing situation of geothermal district heating systems in Turkey;
The geothermal power plants at the North East of Japan
Uenotai GPP 1994.3~ 28,800kW
Onuma GPP 1974.6~ 9,500kW
Sumikawa GPP 1995.3~ 50,000kW
Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear PP
Matsukawa GPP 1966.10~ 23,500kW
Mori GPP 1982.11~ 50,000kW
Kakkonda GPP Ⅰ.1978.5~ 50,000kW Ⅱ.1996. 3~ 30,000kW
Onikobe GPP 1975.3~ 12,500kW
Yanaizu- Nishiyama GPP 1995.5~65,000kW
Hachijojima GPP 1995.5~ 3,300kW
M9.0 Epicenter
Sapporo
Sendai
Tokyo
Osaka
Fukuoka
GEOTHERMAL IS A RELIABLE ENERGY RESOURCE: A RECENT EXAPMPLE
All geothermal power plants in the affected area by the earthquake on the 11th March 2011, recorded M9.0, are in operation, generating the same levels of power as those before the earthquake, although many of them automatically shut down once right after the event.
All geothermal power plants in the affected area by the earthquake on the 11th March 2011, recorded M9.0, are in operation, generating the same levels of power as those before the earthquake, although many of them automatically shut down once right after the event. Under such circumstances, this has been shown how reliable and sustainable the geothermal electricity production plants and in this framework the geothermal applications are. Additionally, according to Dr. Kasumi Yasukawa from Japan Institute for Geosources and Environment and being the member of Board of International Geothermal Association (IGA) declared to BBC News on 07.07.2011, that the “geothermal part in Japan’s electricity consumption is 0,3 %. The Japan Government decided to increase this geothermal portion to 10 %”. This means that the geothermal electricity install power in Japan would reach 28000 MWe. It is understood that Japan has selected geothermal energy as alternative to nucleer power among all renewable energies.
The Reasons of the significant Progress of Geothermal Development in Turkey :
1- The release of the Renewable Energy Law (No: 5346, May 2005) With this law incentives to the renewable energy sources was given by different electricity Feed in Tariff (5,5 Eurocents/kWh for geothermal). As it was amended in 2010 the incentives have been increased (10,5 $cents/kWh for geothermal). 2- The release of the Law on Geothermal Resources and Natural Mineral Waters (No: 5686, June 2007) and its Implementation Regulation (No: 26727, Dec.2007) providing exploration license (3 years + 1 year) and exploitation license (30 years + 10 years) to the investors. 3- With the release of the geothermal law, MTA-General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration has leased the rights of the geothermal fields suitable for geothermal electricity production to the private sector in the form of operation licenses by means of tenders. The high temperature geothermal fields have been leased between 6,5 – 110 Million USD selling prices (we think that there is no another similar example in the world) to the Turkish Private Sector. 4- The risk and fast action capability of the Turkish Private Sector.
TOTAL GEOTHERMAL THEORETICAL HEAT POTENTIAL OF TURKEY (HYDROTHERMAL 0–3 km)
- 60000 MWt = 7,5 Million Residences Equivalence heating or 300 billion m2 greenhouse heating = Over 1 million thermal facility bed capacity = 60 Billion m3/year natural gas equivalence
TOTAL GEOTHERMAL THEORETICAL ELECTRICITY POTENTIAL OF TURKEY (HYDROTHERMAL) (0-3 km)
- 4500 MWe (36 Billion kWh/Year) theoretical potential TOTAL GEOTHERMAL TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL ELECTRICITY POTENTIAL OF TURKEY (HYDROTHERMAL) (0-3 km)
- 2000 MWe (16 billion kWh/Year), with additional incentive (15 USAcent/kWh feed in tariff, 15-20 years)
THE GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION TARGET OF TURKEY FOR 2018 -750 MWe (6 Billion kWh/Year) (10,5 USAcent/kWh existing feed in tariff, 10 years)
THE EGS- ENHANCED GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM TECHNICAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF TURKEY (3-5 km) -250.000 MWe Total EGS-Enhanced Geothermal System Electricity production technical potential of Turkey
THE EGS- ENHANCED GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF TURKEY (3-5 km)
-25.000 MWe Technical and Economical EGS Electricity production potential expected to be realized during next 20 years period and feed in tariff of 15 US$cent/kWh
Geothermal Utilizations Targets for 2018 Additional investment USD (until 2018)
Electricity generation 750 MWe (6 Billion kWh)
2,0 Billion USD
Heating (residences, hotels, thermal facilities and others)
4000 MWt (500.000 Residences Equivalence)
1,4 Billion USD
Greenhouse Heating 2040 MWt (6 billion m2)
300 Million USD (including wells)
Drying 500 MWt (500.000 tons/year)
180 Million USD
Thermal Tourism 1100 MWt 400 Thermal Facility equivalence
1,2 Billion USD
Air conditioning 300 MWt (50.000 Residences Equivalence)
300 Million USD
Aquaculture + others 400 MWt 150 Million USD
Total Direct Use 8340 MWt 5,53 Billion USD
Natural Gas Equivalence of all the above mentioned geothermal direct use utilizations
6,1 Billion USD/Year
The economical value added to the Turkey’s economy by means of above mentioned utilizations until the end of 2018
32 Billion USD/year
The created employment (Direct and Indirect)
300.000 person
THE GEOTHERMAL PROJECTIONS FOR 2014 – 2018 OF TURKEY (Acc. To the 10th development plan (2014 – 2018) of the Ministry of Development
Some examples about geothermal greenhouses in Turkey: Izmir-Dikili : 880.000 m2 Manisa-Salihli,Urganli : 250.000 m2 Kutahya-Simav : 310.000 m2 Denizli-Kizildere : 152.740 m2 Sanliurfa-Karaali : 424.000 m2 Diğerleri : 885.000 m2 TOTAL : ~ 3 Million m2
Especially in the Western Turkey, many deep wells have been drilled. In some of them,
200-250°C downhole temperatures has been measured and ab0ut half of them have
very low permeability (like dry).
These achieved temperatures gave us the thoughts about EGS systems applications.
According to our approach and calculations, we have obtained huge geothermal
electricity potential by taking EGS applications into account, our work is continuing
to be able to harness this potential.
We have conveyed the necessity about additional incentive demand for geothermal
heating and EGS applications to the Turkish Government.
The additional incentives for geothermal heating and EGS applications are expected
until the end of 2013 or mid of 2014.
A remarkable development is expected at the power generation with EGS in Europe in 2020.
The foreign investors are welcome for technical cooperation, information exchange and joint venture investments in
geothermal in Turkey.
Hereafter; We will give importance especially to geothermal district cooling
(air-conditioning) and fish farming utilizations in Turkey.
MANY THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION.
TURKISH GEOTHERMAL ASSOCIATION And sokak 8/2, 06880 Çankaya/Ankara Tel: +90-312-4404319 Fax: +90-312-465 0375 E-mail: [email protected]
We would like to thank to and congratulate Turkish Government, MTA,
Geothermal Experts and Turkish Private Sector for this success’.
We would like to thank Green Power Conferences
for this excellent organisation