Getting Prepared in WV Getting Prepared in WV SchoolsSchools

Taken from presentation by Sara KaminskeTaken from presentation by Sara KaminskeManager, Safety and Emergency PreparednessManager, Safety and Emergency Preparedness

Orange County Department of EducationOrange County Department of Education

Ducks can spread the H5N1 virus Ducks can spread the H5N1 virus without showing any symptoms without showing any symptoms of illness. of illness.

TrueTrue Ducks are an exception. Ducks are an exception. Most birds that spread the Most birds that spread the disease become ill themselves. disease become ill themselves. Ducks may not. Ducks may not.

The Hong Kong flu of 1968-1969 The Hong Kong flu of 1968-1969 is the same influenza that is is the same influenza that is spreading worldwide today. spreading worldwide today.

False False The virus has mutated The virus has mutated since then.since then.

Travel advisories have been Travel advisories have been issued for U.S citizens traveling to issued for U.S citizens traveling to countries where H5N1 has spread. countries where H5N1 has spread.

False False No travel advisories have No travel advisories have been issued. Travelers do not been issued. Travelers do not appear to be at risk if they avoid appear to be at risk if they avoid poultry farms and live food poultry farms and live food markets. markets.

Anyone who might be exposed to Anyone who might be exposed to the H5N1 virus, such as a poultry the H5N1 virus, such as a poultry worker, should be vaccinated for worker, should be vaccinated for seasonal influenza. seasonal influenza.

True True While the seasonal vaccine While the seasonal vaccine will not protect a person from will not protect a person from H5N1, co-infections can and do H5N1, co-infections can and do occur. occur.

Pandemics of the Pandemics of the PastPast

Millions of deathsMillions of deaths

Social disruptionSocial disruption

Profound economic Profound economic lossloss

PANDEMICS OF THE 20PANDEMICS OF THE 20THTH CENTURYCENTURY

Three worldwide (pandemic) Three worldwide (pandemic) outbreaks in the 20th centuryoutbreaks in the 20th century

1918, 1957, and 1968. 1918, 1957, and 1968.

The Spanish Flu of 1918 killed The Spanish Flu of 1918 killed

20-40 million people worldwide 20-40 million people worldwide and 500,000 in the U.S.and 500,000 in the U.S.

PANDEMICS HIGH U.S. PANDEMICS HIGH U.S. TOLLTOLL

Age in YearsAge in YearsProjected Deaths Based on Projected Deaths Based on

Current Population and Current Population and Deaths in 1918-1919Deaths in 1918-1919

<5<5 233,200233,200

5-145-14 74,55374,553

15-2415-24 214,582214,582

25-3425-34 378,639378,639

35-4435-44 268,602268,602

45-5445-54 43,94843,948

55-6555-65 123,451123,451

>65>65 426,689426,689

TotalTotal 1,763,6641,763,664

H5N1 – AVIAN H5N1 – AVIAN INFLUENZAINFLUENZA

Since 1997 H5N1 has Since 1997 H5N1 has occurred in a large number of occurred in a large number of birdsbirds

Started in Asian countriesStarted in Asian countries Has spread to Russia and Has spread to Russia and

KazakhstanKazakhstan Human infections have Human infections have

occurredoccurred 58% mortality rate58% mortality rate

THE “BIRD FLU”THE “BIRD FLU”

Influenza virus Type AInfluenza virus Type A All birds are susceptibleAll birds are susceptible Wide spectrum of symptomsWide spectrum of symptoms

mild illness to rapid deathmild illness to rapid death Migratory waterfowl are the Migratory waterfowl are the

most resistant to infectionmost resistant to infection

H5N1 is one of many types of H5N1 is one of many types of avian influenza virusesavian influenza viruses

Transmitted from Transmitted from farm to farm by farm to farm by

mechanical mechanical meansmeans

Domestic Domestic poultry are poultry are particularly particularly susceptiblesusceptible

Live bird Live bird markets markets

spread the spread the diseasedisease

THE GREAT CONCERNTHE GREAT CONCERN

Almost all cases reported so far are Almost all cases reported so far are from poultry to human contactfrom poultry to human contact

Very rare human to human Very rare human to human transmissiontransmission

Cats can Cats can be be

infected, infected, too!too!

THE GREAT CONCERNTHE GREAT CONCERN

Pandemics occur 3-4 times Pandemics occur 3-4 times each centuryeach century

UnpredictableUnpredictable

A constantly mutating virusA constantly mutating virus

If the H5N1 virus doesn’t cause a If the H5N1 virus doesn’t cause a pandemic, another one will!pandemic, another one will!

No one is immune to H5N1No one is immune to H5N1

Rapid spread could kill millions Rapid spread could kill millions of peopleof people

Colored chicks on sale in Colored chicks on sale in IndonesiaIndonesia

HUMAN SYMPTOMSHUMAN SYMPTOMS High feverHigh fever HeadacheHeadache Extreme tirednessExtreme tiredness Dry coughDry cough Sore throatSore throat Runny or stuffy noseRunny or stuffy nose Muscle achesMuscle aches Stomach symptomsStomach symptoms

TRANSMISSIONTRANSMISSION

Coughing and Sneezing Coughing and Sneezing within three feetwithin three feet

Touching a surface with Touching a surface with the virusthe virus

COMPLICATIONSCOMPLICATIONS

Bacterial PneumoniaBacterial Pneumonia DehydrationDehydration Worsening of chronic conditionsWorsening of chronic conditions Sinus problems and ear infectionsSinus problems and ear infections

TREATMENTTREATMENTTamiflu and RelenzaTamiflu and Relenza

Limited supply and Treatment Limited supply and Treatment not provennot proven

RISK IN WVRISK IN WV

IsolationIsolation

QuarantineQuarantine

What if?What if?CDC Estimates for WVCDC Estimates for WV

Population 1,815,354Population 1,815,354

35% ill = 635,374 35% ill = 635,374

19% outpatient visits = 344,91719% outpatient visits = 344,917

0.4% hospitalized = 7,2610.4% hospitalized = 7,261

0.1% dead of flu-related causes = 1,1180.1% dead of flu-related causes = 1,118

Based on 2004 census estimated population dataBased on 2004 census estimated population data

PREVENTIONPREVENTION Produce a vaccineProduce a vaccine Education on Education on

preventing exposure – preventing exposure – good hygienegood hygiene

Early detection and Early detection and isolationisolation

Rapid laboratory Rapid laboratory testingtesting

PREVENTIONPREVENTION Tracing and Tracing and

quarantinequarantine Public education on Public education on

avoiding illnessavoiding illness Preparing for mass Preparing for mass

vaccinationvaccination Monitoring Monitoring

effectiveness of effectiveness of treatmenttreatment

192 Reported 192 Reported Cases Since 2003Cases Since 2003

109 Deaths109 Deaths

AS OF APRIL 6, 2006AS OF APRIL 6, 2006

DEAD AND DYING BIRDS ON DEAD AND DYING BIRDS ON A BEACH IN CHINAA BEACH IN CHINA

China will share virus China will share virus samples from outbreakssamples from outbreaks

YOUR SCHOOLS ROLEYOUR SCHOOLS ROLE

Ask students and staff with Ask students and staff with fever and respiratory fever and respiratory

symptoms about travel to symptoms about travel to areas affected by influenza areas affected by influenza

A (H5N1) in the 10 days A (H5N1) in the 10 days prior to illnessprior to illness

Cambodia, China, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Iraq, Indonesia, Iraq,

Thailand, Turkey, Thailand, Turkey, VietnamVietnam

Austria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Austria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina*, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Herzegovina*, Bulgaria, Cambodia,

China, Croatia, France, Egypt, China, Croatia, France, Egypt, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong,

Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Italy, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia,

Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan*, Poland*, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan*, Poland*, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Romania, Russia, Serbia and

Montenegro*, Slovak Republic, Montenegro*, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Switzerland*, Thailand, Slovenia, Switzerland*, Thailand,

Turkey, Ukraine, VietnamTurkey, Ukraine, Vietnam

No H5N1 cases have been No H5N1 cases have been reported in North America, reported in North America,

South America, Australia, or South America, Australia, or the South Pacific the South Pacific

Waiting for customersWaiting for customers

Out of six different phases Out of six different phases we are currently at we are currently at Phase 3Phase 3

New virus, no or very limited New virus, no or very limited person-to-person transmissionperson-to-person transmission

High rate of absenteeism – ADAHigh rate of absenteeism – ADA

Staff absences – Substitutes?Staff absences – Substitutes?

Communications – Internal and Communications – Internal and externalexternal

Deaths of students and staffDeaths of students and staff

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SCHOOLSSCHOOLS

If ill students or staff have not If ill students or staff have not traveled to affected countries, there traveled to affected countries, there

is no concern for avian influenza.is no concern for avian influenza.

COOPERATIONCOOPERATION

INFORMATIOINFORMATIONN

PREPARATIONPREPARATION

Who coordinates Who coordinates decisions on closing decisions on closing

schools or schools or quarantining kids?quarantining kids?

If classes shut If classes shut down for weeks, down for weeks,

how will a district how will a district keep kids from keep kids from falling behind? falling behind?

Who will keep the payroll Who will keep the payroll running, or ease the fear running, or ease the fear

of parents, or provide of parents, or provide food to children who food to children who

count on school meals? count on school meals?

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SCHOOLSSCHOOLS

If ill students or staff have traveled to an If ill students or staff have traveled to an affected countryaffected country

refer them to health care provider orrefer them to health care provider or

school based clinic/community clinicschool based clinic/community clinic ask them to notify physician of their ask them to notify physician of their

health and travel statushealth and travel status

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SCHOOLSSCHOOLS

The school administrator should The school administrator should report to their report to their local health local health departmentdepartment immediately immediately

Follow CDC Follow CDC recommendations recommendations

for Respiratory for Respiratory Hygiene and Health Hygiene and Health

CareCarehttp://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/pdf/resphygiene.phttp://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/pdf/resphygiene.p

dfdf

http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/

Staff and students that are sick should stay home!

Cover nose and mouth with a tissue

Wash hands often with soap and water

Try not to touch eyes, nose, or mouth

Disinfect keyboards, phones, desks daily

WHO and the Global Outbreak Alert WHO and the Global Outbreak Alert & Response Network& Response Network

A collaboration of existing institutions and A collaboration of existing institutions and networks who pool human and technical networks who pool human and technical

resources for the rapid identification, resources for the rapid identification, confirmation and response to outbreaks confirmation and response to outbreaks

of international importanceof international importance

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/avian_influenza/en/

Additional Links/ ResourcesAdditional Links/ Resources

Official US Government WebsiteOfficial US Government Websitewww.pandemicflu.govwww.pandemicflu.gov

Centers for Disease Control & PreventionCenters for Disease Control & Preventionwww.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/index.htmwww.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/index.htm

World Health Organization’s Disease website at:World Health Organization’s Disease website at:www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/enwww.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en

World Health Organization’s Human Case CountWorld Health Organization’s Human Case Countwww.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/enwww.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/en

Precautions for Travel to Countries Reporting H5N1 Precautions for Travel to Countries Reporting H5N1

www.cdc.gov/travel/other/avian_influenza_se_asia_2005.htmwww.cdc.gov/travel/other/avian_influenza_se_asia_2005.htm

http://wvde.state.wv.us/http://wvde.state.wv.us/

Click on Office of Healthy Click on Office of Healthy SchoolsSchools

Bird Flu Pandemic Lessons/Information/LinksBird Flu Pandemic Lessons/Information/Links

SCHOOL DISTRICT SCHOOL DISTRICT PLANNING GUIDEPLANNING GUIDE

http://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/schoolchecklist.pdfhttp://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/schoolchecklist.pdfhttp://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/schoolchecklist.pdfhttp://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/schoolchecklist.pdf

Don’t get mad, get Don’t get mad, get ready!!ready!!

Used with permission of Bob Thaves