graphical representation o f data

8/7/2019 Graphical Representation o f Data

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GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONGRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

OF STATISTICAL DATAOF STATISTICAL DATACHARTS AND DIAGRAMS


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TYPES OF GRAPHICALTYPES OF GRAPHICAL

REPRESENTATIONSREPRESENTATIONS1. BAR CHARTS2. PIE CHARTS

3.FREQUENCY POLYGON ANDHISTOGRAMS

4. DOT PLOTS

5. BOX PLOTS

6. SCATTER DIAGRAM

7. TREE DIAGRAM


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BAR CHARTSBAR CHARTSA graph in which the classes are reported on

the horizontal axis and the class frequencies

on the vertical axis. The class frequencies are

proportional to the heights of the bar.TYPES OF BAR CHARTS :

1. SIMPLE BAR CHART

2. MULTIPLE BAR CHART

3. COMPONENT BAR CHART


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SIMPLE BAR CHARTSIMPLE BAR CHART

A normal bar chart (or just a bar chart)is called simple bar

chart.

For example the simple bar chart between the months of

the year 2009 and the high temperatures in this year

will be:


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MULTIPLE BAR CHARTSMULTIPLE BAR CHARTSIt is a bar chart used to compare two similar fields graphically.

For example a bar chart depicting the percentage of women in the

workforce in 1960 and 1996 will be:


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COMPONENT BAR CHARTCOMPONENT BAR CHARTIt is a type of bar chart in which two or more than two

fields are added in a single bar to compare more data in

a single bar chart. For example the component bar chart

for the points scored by the teams A , B, and C will be :


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PIE CHARTSPIE CHARTS

A chart that shows the proportion or percent that eachclass represents of the total number of frequencies.

For example a pie chart that represents the types of

multimedia used now-a-days will be:


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FREQUENCY POLYGON AND HISTO GRAMSFREQUENCY POLYGON AND HISTO GRAMS

Frequency polygon:Frequency polygons are a graphical

device for understanding the

shapes of distributions, but are

especially helpful in comparing sets of

data. Frequency polygons are also agood choice for displaying cumulative

frequency distributions.

Histogram:A histogram is a graphical method for

displaying the shape of a distribution.

It is particularly useful when there

are a large number of observations.

It is represented by joining all bars of

a simple bar chart.


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DOT PLOTSDOT PLOTS

A dot plot is a statistical chart consisting of group of data pointsplotted on a simple scale. Dot plots are used for continuous,

quantitative data. Data points may be labeled if there are few of

them. The dot-plot for the energy use in USA in 2005 will be:


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BOX PLOTSBOX PLOTSIn descriptive statistics, a box plot or box-plot (also known as a box-and-whisker

diagram or plot) is a convenient way of graphically depicting groups of numericaldata through their five-number summaries: the smallest observation (sample minimum),

lower quartile (Q1), median (Q2), upper quartile (Q3), and largest observation

(sample maximum). A box-plot may also indicate which observations, if any, might be

considered outliers.


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SCATTER DIAGRAMSCATTER DIAGRAMA scatter plot is a type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian

coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data .The data isdisplayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable

determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other

variable determining the position on the vertical axis .It is very easy to

understand the nature of the given data using dot-plot:


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TREE DIAGRAMTREE DIAGRAMTree diagram is a graphic tool which systematically breaks down,

and then maps out in increasing detail, all components or

elements of a condition, phenomenon, process, or situation, at

successive levels or stages .For example the tree diagram for the

probability of possible results of tossing a coin three times would

be:


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PREPARED BYPREPARED BYM.AATIF ISHTIAQ

ROLL NO. 119 BSCS 2010

graphical representation o f data

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