graphics and multimedia lab manual

7/28/2019 Graphics And Multimedia Lab Manual

1/32

EX NO 1A BRESENHAMS LINE DRAWING ALGORITHM

Program:

#include

#include#include

#includevoid main()

{int xa,xb,ya,yb,dx,dy,xend,x,y,p,gd=DETECT,gmode;

clrscr();

initgraph(&gd,&gmode," ");printf("\nEnter the start points:");

scanf("%d%d",&xa,&ya);

printf("\nEnter the end points:");scanf("%d%d",&xb,&yb);dx=abs(xa-xb);

dy=abs(ya-yb);

if(xa>xb)x=xb,y=yb,xend=xa;

else

x=xa,y=yb,xend=xb;putpixel(x,y,7);

while(x


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Output:

Enter the start point :200 300

Enter the End point:

250 350


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EXNO 1B BRESENHAMS CIRCLE DRAWING ALGORITHM

Program:

#include

#include#include

int x,y;void plotpoints(int,int);

void main(){

int p,x1,y1,r;

int gdriver=DETECT,gmode;initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode," ");

clearviewport();

printf("\n\tEnter x co-ordinates:");scanf("%d",&x1);printf("\n\tEnter y co-ordinates:");

scanf("%d",&y1);

printf("\n\tEnter R-radius:");scanf("%d",&r);

x=0;

y=r;plotpoints(x1,y1);

p=1-r;

while(x


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}

void plotpoints(int x1,int y1){

putpixel(x1+x,y1+y,2);

putpixel(x1-x,y1+y,2);putpixel(x1+x,y1-y,2);

putpixel(x1-x,y1-y,2);putpixel(x1+y,y1+x,2);

putpixel(x1-y,y1+x,2);putpixel(x1+y,y1-x,2);

putpixel(x1-y,y1-x,2);

delay(30);}

Output

Enter x co-ordinates: 200

Enter y co-ordinates: 300

Enter R-Radius: 50


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EXNO 1C BRESENHAMS ELLIPSE DRAWING ALORITHM

Program:#include

#include#include

#includevoid main()

{int i,gd=DETECT,gm,x1=0,y1=0,r1=0,r2=0;

float x=0,y=0,t,d;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"f:\\");setbkcolor(BLACK);

setcolor(YELLOW);

fflush(stdin);printf("Enter the center:");scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);

printf("Enter the radius 1 and 2:");

scanf("%d%d",&r1,&r2);for(i=0;i


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Output

Enter the center :200 300

Enter the radius 1 and 2:

75 50


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EXNO 2 2D TRANSFORMATIONS

Progarm

#include

#include#include

#include#include

void main(){

int i,poly1[10],poly2[10],poly3[10],poly4[10],tx,ty,sx;

int n,xr,yr,a;int poly[10],poly5[10],sy;

int gd=DETECT,gm;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"E:\\tc\\bgi");printf("\Enter the no of verticles for a polygon");scanf("%d",&n);

printf("\n Enter the (x,y)co-ordinates of verticles");

for(i=0;i


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drawpoly(n+1,poly1);

getch();cleardevice();

outtextxy(30,30,"original image");

drawpoly(n+1,poly);outtextxy(10,10,"Enter the scaling Factor");

gotoxy(30,3);scanf("%d",&sx);

for(i=0;i


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poly4[i+1]=poly[i+1];

}poly4[2*n]=poly4[0];

poly4[2*n+1]=poly4[1];

drawpoly(n+1,poly4);getch();

cleardevice();outtextxy(30,30,"original image");

drawpoly(n+1,poly);outtextxy(10,10,"Enter the shear factor");

gotoxy(30,3);

scanf("%d",&sy);for(i=0;i


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Enter translation factor

100100

Original image

Enter the scaling factor: 2

Original image

Enter the rotation factor

250250

90Original image


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13/32

EXNO 3A COHEN-SUTHERLAND CLIPPING

Program

#include

#include#include

int cliptest(float p,float q,float *u1,float *u2){

float r;int g;

g=1;

if(p*u2)g=0;else

if(r>*u1)

*u1=r;}

else

if(p>0.0){

r=q/p;

if(r


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initgraph(&d,&m,"E:\\tc\\bgi");

printf("\n enter the window coordinates");scanf("%d%d%d%d",&wx1,&wy1,&wx2,&wy2);

printf("\n enter the line coordinates");

scanf("%d%d%d%d",&lx1,&ly1,&lx2,&ly2);printf("\n before clipping");

rectangle(wx1,wy1,wx2,wy2);line(lx1,ly1,lx2,ly2);

getch();u1=0.0;

u2=1.0;

dx=lx2-lx1;if(cliptest(-dx,lx1-wx1,&u1,&u2))

if(cliptest(dx,wx2-lx1,&u1,&u2))

{dy=ly2-ly1;if(cliptest(-dy,ly1-wy1,&u1,&u2))

if(cliptest(dy,wy2-ly1,&u1,&u2))

{if(u10.0)

{lx1=lx1+u1*dx;

ly1=ly1+u1*dy;}

cleardevice();

printf("\n after clipping");

rectangle(wx1,wy1,wx2,wy2);line(lx1,ly1,lx2,ly2);

}

getch();}


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Output

Enter the window coordinates:100

100

200200

Enter the line coordinates:100

100300

300

Before Clipping

After Clipping:


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EXNO 3B WINDOW VIEWPORT MAPPING

Program

#include

#include#include

#includemain()

{float sx,sy;

int w1,w2,w3,w4,x1,x2,x3,x4,y1,y2,y3,y4,v1,v2,v3,v4;

int gd=DETECT,gm;initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:/tc/bgi");

printf("Enter the Co-ordinates x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3\n");

scanf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2,&x3,&y3);cleardevice();w1=5;

w2=5;

w3=635;w4=465;

rectangle(w1,w2,w3,w4);

line(x1,y1,x2,y2);line(x2,y2,x3,y3);

getch();

v1=425;v2=75;

v3=550;v4=250;

sx=(float)(v3-v1)/(w3-w1);

sy=(float)(v4-v2)/(w4-w2);

rectangle(v1,v2,v3,v4);x1=v1+floor(((float)(x1-w1)*sx)+0.5);

x2=v1+floor(((float)(x2-w1)*sx)+0.5);

x3=v1+floor(((float)(x3-w1)*sx)+0.5);y1=v2+floor(((float)(y1-w2)*sy)+0.5);

y2=v2+floor(((float)(y2-w2)*sy)+0.5);

y3=v2+floor(((float)(y3-w2)*sy)+0.5);line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

line(x2,y2,x3,y3);line(x3,y3,x1,y1);


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getch();

return 0;}

Output

Enter the Co-ordinates of x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3:

100 150120 200

180 150


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EXNO 4 3D TRANSFORMATIONS

Program

#include

#include#include

#include#include

#includeint gd=DETECT,gm;

int x1,y1,x2,y2;

void draw_cube(double edge[20][3]){

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"E:\\tc\\bgi");

int i;clearviewport();for(i=0;i>b>>c;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"E:\\tc\\bgi");clearviewport();

for(i=0;i


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edge[i][0]=edge[i][0]*a;

edge[i][1]=edge[i][1]*b;edge[i][2]=edge[i][2]*c;

}

draw_cube(edge);closegraph();

}void translate(double edge[20][3])

{int a,b,c;

int i;

couta>>b>>c;

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"E:\\tc\\bgi");

clearviewport();for(i=0;i


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temp=edge[i][1];

temp1=edge[i][2];edge[i][1]=temp*cos(theta)-temp1*sin(theta);

edge[i][2]=temp*sin(theta)+temp1*cos(theta);

}draw_cube(edge);

break;case 2:

couttheta;

theta=(theta*3.14)/180;

for(i=0;i


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double edge[20][3]={100,0,0,

100,100,0,0,100,0,

0,100,100,

0,0,100,0,0,0,

100,0,0,100,0,100,

100,75,100,75,100,100,

100,100,75,

100,100,0,100,100,75,

100,75,100,

75,100,100,0,100,100,0,100,0,

0,0,0,

0,0,100,100,0,100};

while(1)

{clrscr();

cout


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scale(edge);

break;case 5:

exit(0);

break;default:

cout


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Enter your choice : 2

Enter the Translation factor:100

100

100

3D Transformation1.Draw cube

2.Tranformation3.Rotation

4.Scaling

5.Exit

Enter your choice : 3Rotation about..

1.X-axis 2.Y-axis 3.Z-axisEnter your choice :1

Enter the angle : 30


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3D Transformation

1.Draw cube2.Tranformation

3.Rotation

4.Scaling5.Exit

Enter your choice : 4Enter the scaling factor

22

2

3D Transformation

1.Draw cube2.Tranformation3.Rotation

4.Scaling5.Exit

Enter your choice : 5


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EXNO5 PROJECTION OF 3D IMAGES

Program

#include

#include #include

#includevoid draw3d(int s,int x[20],int y[20],int d);

void main(){

int gd=DETECT,gm;

int x[20],y[20],i,s,d;initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");

printf("Enter the No of sides : ");

scanf("%d",&s);for(i=0;i


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{

line(10,y[i],10,y[i+1]);line(10+d*2,y[i],10+d*2,y[i+1]);

line(10,y[i],10+d*2,y[i]);

line(10,y[i+1],10+d*2,y[i+1]);}

getch();closegraph();

}void draw3d(int s,int x[20],int y[20],int d)

{

int i,j,k=0;for(j=0;j


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Output


28/32

EXNO 6 CONVERT BETWEEN COLOR MODELS

Program

Output


29/32

EXNO 7 IMPLEMENTATION OF TEXT COMPRESSISON ALGORITHM

Program

Output


30/32

EXNO 8 IMPLEMENTATION OF IMAGE

COMPRESSISON ALGORITHM

Program

Output


31/32

EXNO9 ANIMATION

Program

output


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EXNO 10 IMAGE OPERATIONS

Program

Output

graphics and multimedia lab manual

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