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LEED Point Distribution -NC

Area of Measurement Credits Points

Sustainable Sites 8 14

Water Efficiency 3 5

Energy & Atmosphere 6 17

Materials & Resources 7 13

Indoor Environmental Quality 8 15

Innovation & Design Process 1 5

Total 33 69


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Potential Points Contribution -NC

Area of Measurement Credit Points

Indoor Environmental Quality

Low-Emitting Materials , Adhesives & Sealants EQ 4.1 1

Materials & Resources

Recycled Materials -10% MR 4.1 1

Recycled Materials - 20% MR 4.2 1

Regional Materials (500 miles) -10% MR 5.1 1

Regional Materials (500 miles) - 20% MR 5.2 1


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Elements of Sustainable Habitat

Optimal allocation of land

Built Environment

Buildings Surroundings

Efficient appliances and fixtures

Choice of materials

Location of Building

Smart Buildings (bldgs. as generators of energy)

Transport systemsand infrastructure

Environmental management- Water & waste

Energy security renewablesources and energy efficiency


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External lighting(Street, landscaping, architectural)

Sustainable Energy

Demand Supply

Energy balance

Building lighting(Day lighting &Artificial lighting)

Building spaceconditioning

Equipment(Transformer/pumps/motors etc.)

Day lighting integration indesign

Natural ventilation /thermal comfort

Efficient building envelop

design Efficient indoor and

external lighting fixtures Automatic controls Efficient HVAC systems Equipment to meet ECBC

standards

Energy generationfrom RE energy

Solar Wind

Bio Gas Geo thermal


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Energy

Demand Reduction:

Design of energy efficient buildings, energy efficient street

lighting, pumping and other site infrastructure facilities.

Reduce the total amount of energy (kWh) required from the local

Municipal grid/Diesel gensets by at least 25 per cent. Mandatory

Supply Optimization:

Generation of clean energy on site to reduce the dependenceon grid electricity.

Design the development to be self-sufficient in its annual energy

requirement. - Optional


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Concerns Land use Co existing eco system

Consideration on urban, historical and resources Onsite waste management Ambient air quality Ambient water quality Ambient noise Soil disturbance Availability of infrastructure


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Water Consumption

8


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9


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Buildings Efficient fixtures Low rate flushes Sensor based Waterless Tap aerators

Dual pipe plumbing

10


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Water conservation in landscape Efficient irrigation Native vegetation Xeriscaping

Construction Curing Storing

11


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13


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Building Efficiency / Green Buildings

Energy consumption is likely to increase 18 times,With 5-8% of EPI and low carbon intervention saving of 2.5times is possible by 2030

Commercial Sector

Hospitals Shopping MallsHospitality Education Shops

Area underAC(X 1.2times)

Area underAC(X 2 times)


All shoppingmalls willcontinue to beAC

Office



From2000-2030


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Elements contributing tosustainable habitat

Density: It is the concentr tion of population, dwelling units, employment orany other variable over a specific area which can be either gross or net

Design: the street network which is pedestrian oriented rather than auto andwhose characteristics include side walk, inter connection with in the streets,number of intersection, pedestrian crossing, street lighting

Diversity:It is a measure ofv riety of l nd uses present in a given area onthe basis of floor area, employment and land area

Distance to transit: the average of the shortest street routes fromhome or work to the nearest rail stations and bus stopsDestination accessibility:the e se with which one can ccess thetrip ttr ction to both local (market) and regional (jobs) destinations


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Generalised framework

Density Diversity Design Distance to Transit Destination Accessibili ty

Walkability Transit Use Vehicle Miles Travelled

I N C R E A S E D D E C R E A S E D

Transi t Oriented Development

Lower dependence on non renewable resources (creat ing energy securi ty)

Reduced GHG emissions

Control led bui l t environment


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Environmental AssessmentMethodology

BREEAM New Construction

BREEAM Domestic Refurbishment

BREEAM Communities

BREEAM In-Use

Code for Sustainable Homes

BREEAM International


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Life cycle stages of BREEAM

New Construction

In-Use

Refurb.In-Use

Demolition

Communities


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Categories assessedBREEAM

Energy

Health andwellbeing

Management

Water

Materials

Pollution

Waste

Transport

Land use &ecology


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Weightings and StarRatings

Each environmental issue is weighted differently BREEAM In-Use provides Star Ratings which vary between 1-6.

10% ACCEPTABLE

>25% PASS

>40% GOOD

>55% VERY GOOD

>70% EXCELLENT

>85% OUTSTANDING


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GRIHA TERI

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat

Assessment Environmental performance of building over

its entire lifecycle Preconstruction Building design and construction Building operation and maintenance


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Scoring Criteria Site Selection and planning

Conservation and efficient utilization of resources Health and well being

Planning and construction Water

Recharge recycle and reuse

Energy End use Embodied energy Renewable

Waste management

Health and well being

Building operation and maintenance


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Scoring Criteria

Mandatory

Optional

4 points additional for innovation


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Cerification

51 60 points

61 70 71 80

81

90

91 100


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List of criteria Points Remarks Criteria 1: Site Selection

1 Partly

mandatory Criteria 2: Preserve and protect landscape - construction/compensatory depository forestation.

5 Partlymandatory

Criteria 3: Soil conservation (post construction) 4

Criteria 4: Design to include existing site features 2 Mandatory

Criteria 5: Reduce hard paving on site 2 Partly

mandatory Criteria 6: Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency 3

Criteria 7: Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on sitecirculation efficiency

3

Criteria 8: Provide, at least, minimum level of sanitation/safetyfacilities for construction workers

2 Mandatory

Criteria 9: Reduce air pollution during construction 2 Mandatory

Criteria 10: Reduce landscape water requirement 3


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Criteria 11: Reduce building water use 2

Criteria 12: Efficient water use during construction 1

Criteria 13: Optimize building design to reduceconventional energy demand

6 Mandatory

Criteria 14: Optimize energy performance of buildingwithin specified comfort

12

Criteria 15: Utilization of fly ash in building structure

6

Criteria 16: Reduce volume, weight and time ofconstruction by adopting efficient technology (e.g. pre-castsystems, ready-mix concrete, etc.)

4

Criteria 17: Use low-energy material in interiors 4

Criteria 18: Renewable energy utilization 5 Partlymandatory

Criteria 19: Renewable energy based hot-water system 3

Criteria 20: Waste water treatment 2


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Criteria 21: Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater) 5

Criteria 22: Reduction in waste during construction 2

Criteria 23: Efficient waste segregation

2

Criteria 24: Storage and disposal of waste 2 Criteria 25: Resource recovery from waste 2 Criteria 26: Use of low - VOC paints/ adhesives/ sealants. 4 Criteria 27: Minimize ozone depleting substances 3 Mandatory

Criteria 28: Ensure water quality 2 Mandatory

Criteria 29: Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels 2

Criteria 30: Tobacco and smoke control 1 Criteria 31: Universal Accessibility 1

Criteria 32: Energy audit and validation Mandatory Criteria 33: Operations and maintenance protocol for electricaland mechanical equipment

2 Mandatory

Total score 100Criteria 34: Innovation (Beyond 100) 4


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KYOTO PROTOCOL

Annexure1

NonAnnexure 1

Developed Developin

gUnder

developed


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Application of emissions trading approach

Greenhouse gas emissions are capped

Markets used to allocate the emissions

Finance carbon reduction schemes GHG mitigation projects generate credits

Voluntary lowering of Carbon footprint


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How Buying Carbon Credits Can

Reduce Emission??

34

FactoryEmissions

100000 tonesper year.

Permissiblelimit 80000

tones

Factory eitherreduces

emissions orpurchase

carbon credits

Invests in newmachinery to

reduceemission


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Assigned amount unitsRight to pollute and penalties to over emission

Industrialized countries and economies intransition

Set emission quotas for operators

Sell unused allowance by operator

Developing countries ratified Kyoto protocolCER by UNFCCC


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Pressure to reduce C02 emissions

The USA has the highest per capitaemissions of carbon but China andIndia and other Asian countries havehuge populations putting increasedpressure on carbon emissions


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REDUCTION

NATIONALMEASURES

ADDITIONALMEASURES

THEFLEXIBILITYMECHANISM


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Clean

developmentMechanism

Joint

implementation

Emissiontrading

FLEXIBILITY

MECHANISM

Projectbased


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Emission Trading

Developedcountry A

(needs CC)

Developedcountry B

Earns carbon creditscalled

Assigned Amount

Units

Sell thesecarbon credits

Paymentfor CC


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Joint Implementation

Developedcountry A

(needs CC)

Developedcountry B

Sets a project

Earns carboncredits called

Emission

Reduction Units

Sell carboncredits


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Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

Developed

country(needs CC)

Developing Country

Earns carbon

credits calledCertifiedEmission

Reduction

Sells carbon credits

Sets a project


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TRADING OF CERS:

Two Commodity exchanges trading in Carbon Credits

Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX)

National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange(NCDEX)


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oncept of VERs

Countries notcommitted to the

protocol

Voluntary EmissionReduction

ORVerified Emission

reduction

VER


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Financial support in IndiaThe World Bank agreementInfrastructure Development Finance Company (IDFC)

IDBI dedicated Carbon Credit desk

HDFCagreement with Cantor CO2E India Pvt. Ltd & MITCONConsultancy Services Limited (MITCON)


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India along with China, lead countries in earningCarbon Credit


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India pocketed Rs 1,500crores in 2005 selling

carbon credits

India has generated

30 million Carbon credits

140 million are in pipeline


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Leading companies selling Carbonredits

GUJARAT FLOUROCARBONS


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Economical issue criticismCosts and valuationEthics and fairnessCoaseEquityTaxes v/s capsTradingIncentives and allocation

Form of colonialismNon-existent emissionreduction Artificial production of greenhouse gasesCarbon trade watch


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Pros & cons of carbon tradingCap & Trade

Baseline & Credit

General Costs v/s Benefits

Carbon Trading v/s carbon Taxation

green construction 56

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