Green energy for a Green archipelago: the Azores

A contribution from the MIT-Portugal Program:

Sustainable Energy Systems

Paulo FerrãoMIT-Portugal Program Director

30th CPMR Islands CommissionGeneral Assembly“How can Islands seize new opportunities in the prospect of a sustainable development?”

Engineering systems focus: gives emphasis to complex systems that not only have critical technological components, but also have significant economical and socio-technical level interactions, going beyond traditionally defined engineering disciplines.

The following specific fields were identified as the initial focus areas, on top of which an integrative anchor program will be developed:

– Engineering Design and Advanced Manufacturing

– Transportation Systems

– Sustainable Energy Systems

– Bio-Engineering Systems

MIT-Portugal Program

PhD and Masters programs

• PhD:• 3-4 years

• 1 year of classes in either modular-intensive or traditional term-length format: varies by program

• International program: all materials, lectures and activities in English

• Teaching by Portuguese and MIT faculty (in person and distance learning)

• Most students do 12-18 months research at MIT and have MIT co-advisor

• Master programs:• 1 year programs mostly for professionals

• Comparable to first year of PhD lectures plus additional activities

Our knowledge-creation model

A systems approach – the ENERGY and MOBILITY SOFTWARE– Intelligent networks, smart grids– New vehicle energy paradigms– Better integration, the individual as an

actor of the energy system

Energy: the challenge ahead

PresentFuture

AlternativesDo “nothing” status quo

Reduce demand– Improve efficiency– Demand Side Management – Pricing mechanisms

New Energy Sources and Technologies–wind, solar, biomass, geothermal…–nuclear, tar sands,…

A demand oriented approach The energy system in São Miguel

47%

27%

Heating

Cooling

Lighting

Mech. Power

Transporting

Azores energy strategy for 2018

• Goals for all Azores– 75% of renewables on electricity production– 40% of renewables on primary energy (electrification of other sectors)

• Plan (for São Miguel)– 3MW Geothermal by 2010– 9MW Wind by 2011– 10MW Geothermal by 2013

• Questions– Another 10 MW Geothermal after 2013?– Storage system?– How to use biomass?– Is this enough? What else?

Green Islands Project

“Green Islands Project”

The project goal – Design for Sustainability:

• Reduce fossil fuel dependencetogether with GHG, and create value and jobs building comparative advantages through Engineering Design and Systems Thinking.

• ISLANDS CONSTITUTE A PERFECT LIVING LAB TO TEST SOLUTIONS FOR OUR “ISLAND EARTH”

Pólo de Competitividade e Tecnologia da Energia

SGC Energia | Grupo SGC

http://images.google.pt/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fcee.lisboa.ucp.pt/resources/images/upload/edp.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bolsalisboa.blogspot.com/2008/01/edp-prepara-colocao-em-bolsa-da-sua.html&h=274&w=640&sz=38&hl=en&start=1&usg=__z616HCJ2kYf1XJMPBBzBLsk1foI=&tbnid=HjGz8eL05JCqpM:&tbnh=59&tbnw=137&prev=/images?q=energias+de+Portugal&gbv=2&hl=enhttp://images.google.pt/imgres?imgurl=http://www.portugalmaispositivo.com/?q=image/view/4969&imgrefurl=http://www.portugalmaispositivo.com/?q=node/7424&h=176&w=448&sz=11&hl=en&start=8&usg=__XtXPXKDniMVfTLW5ovCuW8E5mfw=&tbnid=Gpt6qR-NP4RBOM:&tbnh=50&tbnw=127&prev=/images?q=efacec&gbv=2&hl=enhttp://images.google.pt/imgres?imgurl=http://www.apfn.com.pt/Boletim/12/galp energia.jpg&imgrefurl=http://grandelojadoqueijolimiano.blogspot.com/2004_05_01_archive.html&h=70&w=216&sz=12&hl=en&start=7&usg=__A8Ek4FMuf2wSVCXjnnKh4kW6wos=&tbnid=bVQskSwtQvEuGM:&tbnh=35&tbnw=107&prev=/images?q=galp+energia&gbv=2&hl=en

• 2007 Electricity Demand

Electricity Demand - São Miguel (EDA, December 2007)

The main challenge

Why is this a challenge?

The Cost-Effective and Implementable Transition

to a “Green Island” Requires…

• A detailed understanding local energy resources… including their daily, seasonal, and inter-annual variability

… where and when they best fit the current

and future energy system

… where, when and under what circumstances

renewables complement or conflict one another

• A detailed understanding for

energy service needs… including detailed energy demand patterns, both

behavioral and technological

… economic, demographic and other trends affecting demand

… understanding the technology and its interaction with people

Hourly Electricity Demand,Mainland Portugal

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Partnering for a New Energy Economy• Understanding the Islands’

Energy Needs and Supplies• Understanding energy in space and time

• Developing a full understanding of local resources

• Developing New Ideas for FutureIslands’ Economic and EnergyNeeds and Options• Future electricity supplies, inlcuding energy storage• Exploring new transportation options,

including electricity• Looking at ways to reduce energy use, including

innovations in buildings and construction

• Partnering to Implement this New EnergyEconomy for the Azores

• Develop new innovative demonstration and pilot projects thatlaunch a new generation of energy businesses

Green Islands:

Developing the Knowledge and Tools for Real Change

The MIT-Portugal Sustainable Energy Systems

SES Focus Area is developing its research and educational

initiatives to fill in this “meso-scale” (minutes-to-months,

buildings-to-regions) as cost and emissions effectiveness

at these scales will

inform policymakers

and industry of local

and national oppor-

tunities for trans-

formative “energy

pathways.”

By definition, SES

activities must involve

government and

industry and

integrate new re-

search with new

educational offerings.

MPP Sustainable Energy Systems

Time and Space Map

Gaps of modeling tools on other dimensions

Hour Year

Region /Country

House /Neighborhood

Second

Space

Time

Projections

Optimization

Methodology

New generation of modeling tools

Hour Year

Region /Country

House /Neighborhood

Second

Space

Time

Projections

Optimization

Methodology

How does TIMES model SES

Hybridize TIMES with other tools

Electric Grid Response

Energy Efficiency Measures

Transportation Fleet Evolution

Incentives

Real Options

Scenarios with efficiency policies

Strategy for 2018 MIT PortugalLocal Agents

AMBITION FOR SOME PILOT PROJECTS

BASED ON MIT-PORTUGAL RESEARCH

AZORES: A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

LIVING LAB

Paradigm ChangeTHE ENERGY INTERNETTHE NEXT REVOLUTION

Transmission Network

Distribution Network

The challenge

The “secret” is that they need to cooperate, they are not working alone

Renewables

Transp.

Buildings

The future – Intelligent Energy Networks, the energy software revolution

The future – Intelligent Energy Networks, the energy software revolution

THE AZORES ARE COMMITTED TO SUSTAINABILITY

... DEMONSTRATING EUROPEAN PATHWAYS TO SUSTAINABILITY

A MAJOR LIGHTHOUSE FOR EU, PARTNERSHIP IS WELCOME.

ISLANDS ANTECIPATE THE FUTURE