greenhouse gas emissions from production systems
TRANSCRIPT
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Greenhouse gas emissions from selected horticultural production systemsKaitlin Lloyd & Dr. Chandra A. MadramootooDept. Bioresource EngineeringMcGill UniversityAugust 13, 2018ICID GHG Workshop 2018
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Objectives
´ Evaluate N2O, CO2, and CH4 fluxes and emissions from three horticultural production systems under different soil types.´ Cranberry – Sandy soil´ Tomato – Loamy sand soil´ Onion – Organic soil
´ Assess the impact of environmental conditions and agricultural management practices on GHG fluxes/emissions´ Soil moisture, soil temperature, rainfall,
irrigation
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St.LouisdeBlandford(cranberry)
Sherrington(onion)
Leamington(Tomato)
Study sites locations3
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Cranberries (2012-2013)Saint-Louis-de-Blandford
0 21km
P5P4
P3P2
P1
M5M4
M3M2
M1
Water management:
1- High water table2- Low water table
Sandy soil
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Tomatoes (2012-2013)Leamington
Water management:
1- Surface drip irr.2- Subsurface drip irr.
Loamy sand soil
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10
Treatment:SSTreatment:SD
0 10050m
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Onions (2012-2015)Sherrington
Water management:
1- Sprinkler irrigation
Organic soil
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Soil properties
Crop Year Field Soil type Soil organic matter
(%)
Porosity
Cranberry 2013 1 Sand 3.4 0.47
Tomato 2013 1 Loamy
sand
3.1 0.34
Onion 2013 1 Organic 83 0.74
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Agricultural practices
Crop Year Seeding
date
Fertilizer
date
N application
(kg N ha-1)
Harvest date
Cranberry 2013 N/A Jun./Jul. 50 Sep. 14/Oct. 5
Tomato 2013 May 29 May/Jun 195 Sep. 17/Sep. 13
Onion 2013 May 3 May 1 90 Oct. 1
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Data collection9
- Greenhouse gases (N2O, CO2 and CH4)- Soil temperature- Soil moisture- Rainfall
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Results10
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N2O Fluxes (2013)
0
300
600
900
1,200
1,500
1,800
2,100
17-Mar-13 06-May-13 25-Jun-13 14-Aug-13 03-Oct-13 22-Nov-13
N2O
Flu
xes
(µg
N2O
-N m
-2h-
1 )
CranberryTomatoOnion
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N2O Emissions
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2012 2013 2014 2015
N2O
em
issio
ns(k
g N
2O-N
ha-
1 ) OnionCranberry-HWTCranberry-LWTTomato-SDITomato-SUR
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CO2 Fluxes (2013)
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
17-Mar-13 06-May-13 25-Jun-13 14-Aug-13 03-Oct-13 22-Nov-13
CO
2flu
xes
(µg
CO
2-C
m-2
h-1 )
CranberryOnionTomato
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CO2 Emissions14
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
2012 2013 2014 2015
CO
2em
issio
ns
(kg
CO
2-C
ha-
1 )
Onion
Cranberry-HWT
Cranberry-LWT
Tomato-SDI
Tomato-SUR
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CH4 Fluxes (2013)
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
17-Mar-13 06-May-13 25-Jun-13 14-Aug-13 03-Oct-13 22-Nov-13
CH 4
Flux
es
(µg
CH 4
-C m
-2h-
1 )
OnionCranberryTomato
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CH4 Emissions16
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
2012 2013 2014 2015
CH 4
emiss
ions
(k
g C
H 4-C
ha-
1 )
OnionCranberry-High water tableCranberry-Low water tableTomato-Subsurface dripTomato-Surface drip
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Global warming potential
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
2012 2013 2014 2015
Glo
bal w
arm
ing
pote
ntia
l(k
g C
O2-
eqha
-1)
OnionCranberry-HWTCranberry-LWTTomato-SDITomato-SUR
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Conclusions´ N2O fluxes:
´ Spring thaw, application of inorganic fertilizers, soil moisture, rainfall
´ CO2 fluxes:
´ Soil temperature, soil organic matter, porosity
´ CH4 fluxes:
´ Flooding
´ Cumulative emissions:
´ Small variations between crops explained by inorganic fertilizer application and soil properties
´ Differences between mineral and organic were insignificant
´ Differences between water management treatments were statistically insignificant
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Thank you.19
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Outline
´ Objectives ´ Study sites´ Data collection´ Results´ Conclusions
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Study sitesCranberry, Saint-Louis-de-Blandford, QC (2012-2013)Tomato, Leamington, ON (2012-2013)Onion, Sherrington, QC (2012-2015)
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