habitat partitioning among two simpatric species

8/8/2019 Habitat Partitioning Among Two Simpatric Species

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/habitat-partitioning-among-two-simpatric-species 1/32

Habitat partitioning amongHabitat partitioning among

two sympatric species,two sympatric species, Alouatta seniculus Alouatta seniculus andandSaguinus fuscicollisSaguinus fuscicollis

(Oglan Alto, Ecuador)(Oglan Alto, Ecuador)

University of LiegeCentral University from Ecuador Escuela Biología y Química UCE

Estación Científica Amazónica UCE

Internacional University Menéndez Pelayo-CSICFRIA-FNRS / ECOCIENCIA

Sarah Martin-Solano, Gabriel Carrillo,

Marie-Claude Huynen



IntroductionIntroduction

Communities of primate species areCommunities of primate species arecommoncommon

Kenya: Colobes, baboons, mangabeysKenya: Colobes, baboons, mangabeysPeru: Saddleback tamarin and MoustachedPeru: Saddleback tamarin and Moustachedtamarintamarin

CoexistenceCoexistence

Mechanisms of interspecific competitionMechanisms of interspecific competitionDifferentiation in resource useDifferentiation in resource use

Diferentiation in niche useDiferentiation in niche use




Niche: n-dimensional hypervolumeNiche: n-dimensional hypervolumeHabitat useHabitat useTime budgetTime budget

Feeding ecologyFeeding ecology

H a b i t a

t u s e

Feedingecology

Time Budget



Habitat UseHabitat Use

HorizontalHorizontal VerticalVertical




Niche: Multidimensional spaceNiche: Multidimensional spaceHabitat use,Habitat use,Time BugetTime BugetFeeding ecologyFeeding ecology

TextureTextureAcidityAciditySizeSize

© Tom Brakefield © Seth Allan

Pygmy marmoset Owl monkey



Study species:Study species:

Alouatta seniculus Alouatta seniculus Saguinus fuscicollisSaguinus fuscicollis

© © D. Hurst 2006 D. Hurst 2006 © © L. Culot 2007 L. Culot 2007

Red howler monkey Saddleback tamarin



General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics

Species distribution in Ecuador is restricted toSpecies distribution in Ecuador is restricted tothe Amazonian forestthe Amazonian forestConservation status for both species: LeastConservation status for both species: LeastConcernConcernAbilityAbility

to exploit degraded habitatsto exploit degraded habitatsto disperse seeds as a result of their feeding ecology to disperse seeds as a result of their feeding ecology

Their feeding ecologyTheir feeding ecology A. seniculus A. seniculus : folivorous – frugivorous: folivorous – frugivorousS. fuscicollisS. fuscicollis : omnivorous: fruits, insects, small: omnivorous: fruits, insects, smallinvertebratesinvertebrates

Alouatta seniculusSaguinus fuscicollis



General ObjectiveGeneral Objective

To study social dynamics and resourceTo study social dynamics and resourcepartitioning of two sympatric speciespartitioning of two sympatric species A. A.seniculusseniculus yy S. fuscicollisS. fuscicollis in the protected forestin the protected forestof Oglan Alto, Ecuador of Oglan Alto, Ecuador

We are going to study:We are going to study:Habitat UseHabitat UseBudget TimeBudget TimeFeeding ecologyFeeding ecology



ObjectivesObjectivesHabitat UseHabitat Use

Type of forestType of forestUse of the forest strataUse of the forest strataHome RangeHome Range



HypothesisHypothesis

Habitat partitioning would allow the two primateHabitat partitioning would allow the two primatespecies to coexist, while minimizing competitionspecies to coexist, while minimizing competition



Specific HypothesisSpecific HypothesisForest Strata :Forest Strata :

tamarinstamarins ≠≠ howlers.howlers.

High degree of home range overlapHigh degree of home range overlap

Red howler monkey

Saddleback tamarin

© Fleagle 1998



Study AreaStudy Area

Estación Científica Amazónica JJK fromEstación Científica Amazónica JJK fromCentral University of Ecuador in theCentral University of Ecuador in theprotected forest of Oglan Altoprotected forest of Oglan Alto(01°19’27.5’’|S, 77°41’20.1’’|W(01°19’27.5’’|S, 77°41’20.1’’|W ))Lowland and piedmont forestLowland and piedmont forest



Two study groups:Two study groups:Group A:Group A: S. fuscicollisS. fuscicollis

andandGroup B:Group B: A. seniculus A. seniculus

Habitat UseHabitat UseGroup position: 6 am → 6 pm every 20 minGroup position: 6 am → 6 pm every 20 min

Strata definitionStrata definition

Data collectionData collection

Ground

Understory

Higher Middle CanopyLower

Emergents

© Leython and Ruiz Zapata 2006



Primate censusPrimate censusDirect Observation:Direct Observation:

• LocationLocation• # of individuals# of individuals

• Group compositionGroup compositionIndirect ObservationIndirect Observation

• Auditory records:Auditory records:VocalizationsVocalizations

• FaecesFaeces• Food consumption tracesFood consumption traces

Data collectionData collection

D. Holm



Results and Discussion 1Results and Discussion 1

Home range average of the howlers group is 33,9 ha and26.5 ha for the tamarin group

15,7 ha between the ranges of the two species.Area de vidaS.fuscicollis

Area de vidaA. seniculus

26,5 ha

15,7 ha

33,9 ha



ColombiaColombia

→ 182 ha : Caparu (Palacios and Rodriguez 2001)→ 25 ha: La Macarena (Izawa and nishimura 1988)



Home Range of Red Howler Monkey inHome Range of Red Howler Monkey inFrench GuianaFrench Guiana

45 ha: Guyane (C. Julliot 1992)



Home range of Saddle-back tamarinHome range of Saddle-back tamarin

→15,25 ha Bolivia (Buchanan-Smith, H. 1990)→15.7-16.5 ha Peru Soini, P. 1987



7,5ha

23,3ha

16,3ha



F. BRAZA, F. ALVAREZ and T. AZCARATE (1981)



Strata Use in tamarins, at CobijaStrata Use in tamarins, at Cobija(Pando Department in Bolivia)(Pando Department in Bolivia)

Buchanan-Smith, H. (1990)



South of the River TahuamanuSouth of the River Tahuamanu

Buchanan-Smith, H. (1999)



Strata utilisation by tamarins in Bolivia

Buchanan-Smith (1999)



North of the river Tahuamanu, Bolivia

Porter, L, 2004



Results and Discussion 2Results and Discussion 2Howler monkeys were principally observed in primary

forestThe saddleback tamarins were registered both in the

primary and in the secondary forest



PerspectivesPerspectives

To define the microhabitat in the primaryTo define the microhabitat in the primaryforest and in the secondary forest:forest and in the secondary forest:

Hill, lianas, river terrace, etc.Hill, lianas, river terrace, etc.To link food resource to habitat use, toTo link food resource to habitat use, toverify if food overlap related to homeverify if food overlap related to home

range overlaprange overlapTo identify both species sleeping sitesTo identify both species sleeping sites



ConclusionsConclusions

Habitat partitioning studies are importantHabitat partitioning studies are importantto better understand the dynamics of to better understand the dynamics of primate communities and set upprimate communities and set upconservation strategies.conservation strategies.



Juan José Bravo, Jorge Duque, Santiago Araujno, Cinthia Trujillo, Glenda Pozo,

Patricia Bejarano , Emilie Bovy, Daniel Holm .



Thank you!Thank you!

Merci!Merci!

G i !G i !

habitat partitioning among two simpatric species

Documents