HI 112 , US HISTORY I IWORCESTER STATE UNIVERSITY

From Camelot to Watergate(Chapter 29)

Election of 1960Election of 1960

Nixon

Byrd

Kennedy

Cuban Crises, 1961-1962

Ho Chi Minh (North)

Ngo Dingh Diem (South), with President Eisenhower

Montgomery Bus Boycott, Alabama, 1955-1956

Desegregation of Little Rock HS, Arkansas, 1957

Lunch counter sit-ins, North Carolina, 1960

Freedom Riders (CORE), 1961

Birmingham protests, riots & church bombing, 1963

March on Washington, 1963

Civil Rights Movement 1955-1963

March on Washington 28 August 1963

November 22, 1963

Gulf of Tonkin

• Danang

USS Maddox Gulf of Tonkin IncidentJuly 1964

Suicide of Thich Quang Duc11 June 1963, Saigon

Johnson = 90% of electoral vote

Barry Goldwater

Election of 1964

Great Society

War on PovertyCivil Rights Act 1964, Voting Rights Act

1965Immigration Act 1965 (Hart-Celler Act) Medicare, Medicaid + other social welfare

initiatives (health, transportation, conservation), clean air/water, PBS

Reform from the Bench: expansion of civil and individual rights in the Supreme Court

Number of Americans in Poverty/ Poverty Rate 1959-2007

Source: CBS News

March 7, 1965 – Edmund Pettus Bridge, Selma Alabama

Watts, Los Angeles

August 1965

Detroit, 1967

James Meredith, shot 6 June 1966 during march from Memphis to Jackson, Miss

Stokely Carmichael/Kwame Toure,(1941-1988)Black Power/SNCC activist

The Counterculture: a rights movement?

Vietnam War Phase Two: Boots on the Ground, Planes in the Air

1965-1969

1968: Student Protests at Columbia University, NYC

1968: Resurrection City, Washington DC

1968:

“Clean for Gene”

1968: DNC, Chicago

Nixon

HumphreyWallace

Election of 1968

Phase Three: “Vietnamization” 1969-

1975

Vietnam Veterans Against the War, 19 -23 April 1971

Lt. William Calley

My Lai Massacre 1968William Calley’s Trial 1971

Daniel Ellsburg, during trial for leaking the Pentagon Papers, January 1973

Americans evacuating from Saigon, 29 April 1975

“Vietnam Reflections,” Lee Teter

Watergate Towers, Washington DC

The Watergate Crisis

Richard Nixon v. George McGovern

Election of 1972

Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward

Televised Watergate hearingsSummer of 1973

Archibald Cox,Special Prosecutor

“Saturday Night Massacre” 20 October 1973

Fire Cox!

Attorney General Elliot Richardson

Ok, YOU Fire Cox!

No!

Asst. Attorney GeneralWilliam Ruckelshaus

Then you’re fired!

Robert Bork,3rd in command at Justice Dept

No!I resign.

Bork, you’re in charge, now fire Cox! OK

And… get rid of his job and seal his office, too!

I. Obstruction of justice for involvement in the cover-up of the Watergate burglary

II. Abuse of power in harassing political opponents

III. Contempt of Congress for unconstitutional refusal to honor subpoenas of tapes by the House Judiciary Committee

House Articles of Impeachment Against Nixon

August 8, 1974

"...I think that the Watergate tragedy is the greatest tragedy this country has ever suffered. I used to think that the Civil War was our country's greatest tragedy, but I do remember that there were some redeeming features in the Civil War in that there was some spirit of sacrifice and heroism displayed on both sides. I see no redeeming features in Watergate."

-- Senator Sam Ervin

Widespread disillusionment and cynicism

Due process of law v. the “imperial” presidency

Church Committee in Congress: systematic administrative power abuses

Press became more vigilant & aggressive

1973 War Powers Act

1974 Fair Campaign Practices Act

1978 strengthened the Federal Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)

1974 strengthened the Freedom of Information Act

Consequences and Legacies of Watergate