high speed rail midterm presentation

A VISION FOR HIGH-SPEED RAIL IN AMERICAS NORTHEAST

CORRIDORUniversity of Pennsylvania | School of Design

March 1, 2010

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AIRPORTS ANALYSIS REGIONAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY STATION DEVELOPMENT HSR HS2 COMPARISON NEC HSR2030

Systems Analysis

Airports Analysis

Regional Economic Opportunity

Station Development

HSR HS2 Comparison

An overview of the Northeast Megaregions transportation network, including opportunities, constraints, and potential upgrades.

Short flights contribute to congestion, which impacts mobility along the corridor. Can rail be leveraged to relieve some of this congestion?

An interconnected Northeast Corridor will be more competitive by strategically linking people, places, institutions, and industries.

Rapid connections to neighboring cities have the potential to transform areas around stations and spur enormous private investment.

The planned HSR system in England faces similar challenges to that of the NEC. What lessons can we learn?

STUDIO OUTLINE


HOW CAN HIGH-SPEED RAIL CREATE A NEW ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY FOR THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR?


What are the current demographic and market realities of our growth patterns?

What are the impacts of High-Speed Rail on economic development?

What are the implications for public policies?

2. Regional Economic Effects of High-Speed Rail

3. Topics for Future Research

1. Existing Economic Geography

REGIONAL ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY


EXISTING ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

New York

Manufacturing

Retail

Professional Services

Health Care

Accomodations

Finance

Government

Other

MAJOR EMPLOYERS BY INDUSTRY

Rhode Island

Massachusetts

Connecticut

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

DelawareMaryland

Washington, DC


New York

Manufacturing

Retail

Professional Services

Health Care

Accomodations

Finance

Government

Other

MAJOR EMPLOYERS BY INDUSTRY

Rhode Island

Massachusetts

Connecticut

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

DelawareMaryland

Washington, DC




Chart courtesy of Regional Plan Association. Data source: BLS Current Employment Statistics Survey, 1990-2004.


27%

20%

14%

29%

16%

9%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

High School Graduate

Bachelor's Degree

Graduate or Professional Degree

Percent of Population with Degree

United States Northeast Corridor

Hig

hest

Deg

ree

Obt

aine

d



Institutions

Student Body

EDUCATIONAL CENTERS

Rhode Island

Massachusetts

Connecticut

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Maryland

Washington, DC



TOP GLOBAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES

World Rank National Rank Institution*

1 1 Harvard University2 2 Stanford University3 3 University of California, Berkeley4 1 University of Cambridge5 4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)6 5 California Institute of Technology7 6 Columbia University8 7 Princeton University9 8 University of Chicago

10 2 University of Oxford11 9 Yale University12 10 Cornell University13 11 University of California, Los Angeles14 12 University of California, San Diego15 13 University of Pennsylvania16 14 University of Washington17 15 University of Wisconsin - Madison18 16 University of California, San Francisco19 17 The Johns Hopkins University20 1 The University of Tokyo

Source: Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2007). "Academic Ranking of World Universities"



Each additional year of education of workers in a metro area leads to an-other 2.8 percent growth in productivity. (Rauch 1993)

The cities and metros with highly skilled workers in the 1990s also had high population and income growth. (Glaeser 2000)

The metro areas that have high proportions of skilled, educated labor are better able to reinvent themselves and adapt to changing economic needs. (Glaeser 2003)

Educated Cities Win In The New Economy Geography



Average labor productivity increases with more employment density (Ciccone and Hall 1996)

Patent activity, as a proxy for innovation, was higher in the 1990s in those metros with higher employment densities (Carlino 2001)

Higher productivity found in accessible cities with efficient transportation systems than in more dispersed places (Cervero 2000)

Higher Densities Lead to Greater Productivity and Innovation


The Northeast Consumed Large Amounts of Land Relative to Population Growth


6.7%

7.6%

7.0%

6.1%

7.0%

46.9%

20.4%

19.2%

20.5%

35.6%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%

Boston-Lawrence-Salem-Lowell-Brockton, MA NE

Hartford-New Britain-Middletown-Bristol, CT

New Haven-Waterbury-Meriden, CT

New York-Northern New Jersey- Long Island, NY-NJ-CT

Philadelphia-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD

MS

As

Change in Urbanized Land 1992-1997 Change in Population 1992-1997


Growth Cities

Underperforming Cities

HOT & COLD CITIES



GLOBAL CASE STUDIES


Commuter Travel

Tourism and Cultural Draws

Office Location

ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF HSR

By expanding market size and accessibility, HSR enhances opportunities for face-to-face contact, collaboration, and specialization

Potential change in the spacial relationship between home and office

High-speed rail has the potential to dramatically impact the tourism industry


HSR access enabled Lille to transition from a heavy industry to a knowledge-based economy

Knowledge-based businesses benefit from enhanced opportunities for collaboration and face-to-face contact

Building a New City Center in Lille


Office Location


Shinkansens run frequently during all day, with additional departures during peak periods

Tokyos commuter shed expanded, alleviating housing pressure in the central city

Commuting via Shinkansen

City-to-city commuting becomes possible, alleviating housing market pressure in strong cities and strengthening markets elsewhere

Expanded housing markets and commutersheds


Commuter Travel


Hotels saw an increase in business travel frequency despite a decrease in length of stay

Additionally the frequency and length of tourism stays increased

Seville: Tourists Replace Business Travelers at Hotels

Tokiado Shinkansen: New Demand

Intercity travel increased along the Tokiado Shinkansen, indicating that HSR induced travel demand


Tourism and Cultural Draws


FUTURE RESEARCH


Expand Market Areas Enhance Collaboration Opportunities Strengthen Office Markets Reduce Housing Pressure


Take Aways From Global Case Studies: Informing Our Future Research and Policy Recommendations

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high speed rail midterm presentation

Documents

economic development

new economic geography

planned hsr system

impacts of highspeed

current demographic

potential upgrades

enormous private investment

data source