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Under the surface:using social network analysis to reveal thestructures of cultural festival communities

International Conference on Events (ICE2013)3-5 July 2013 @ Bournemouth University

David Jarman@dsrjarman

Image (top right): online Edinburgh Festival Fringe venue maphttps://www.edfringe.com/planning-your-trip/venue-map

Image (bottom right): Map of Festival stakeholdersEdinburgh Festivals Impact Study, Final Report (2011)

Image (left): 2013 Edinburgh International Festival supportershttp://www.eif.co.uk/2013-supporters

Image (top right): Edinburgh Festivals Innovation Lab Launchhttp://www.edinburghfestivals.co.uk/innovationlablaunch

Image (middle right): Edinburgh Festival Ideas Challengehttp://www.beyongolia.com/portfolio-item/edinburgh-festivals-ideas-challenge/

Image (bottom right): Saturdayhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/54907132@N07/5707030462/

Image (left): Festivals Edinburgh home pagehttp://www.festivalsedinburgh.com

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Image (left): Culture Hack Scotland (DSC_7393) | http://www.flickr.com/photos/0olong/5706778236/Image (centre): Bedlam Theatre, Edinburgh: exterior. | http://www.flickr.com/photos/michaspage/7077296671/Image (right): Edinburgh International Book Festival launch party 04 | http://www.flickr.com/photos/woolamaloo_gazette/7762050108/

Relational data concern the contacts, ties and connections,

and the group attachments and meetings that relate one agentto another and that cannot be reduced to the properties of theindividual agents themselves.

(Scott, 2012:3)

Social network analysis

Image (left): graph | http://www.flickr.com/photos/librarianbyday/2527108942/Image (right): six degrees of Canadian Cycling | http://www.flickr.com/photos/gordonr/4194608074/

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Social media network connections among Twitter usersImage: 20111214-NodeXL-Twitter-User jowyang network graph n o jowyang no mutual edgeshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/marc_smith/6539378885/

Connection andcontagion

Shared workplaces

Joint projects

Administrative processes

Social circles

Show information

Funding opportunities

Job vacancies

ResourcesImage: Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2010 programme

http://www.flickr.com/photos/theedinburghblog/4695929476/

Realist: defined bysubjects themselves

Closest partners

An insider view

Nominalist: defined byresearcher criteria

Attended event X

An outsider view

Image: Pleasance totem polehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/pressthebigredbutton/3856798641/

Realist andnominalist networks

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Identifying componentswithin a network

Clusters as areas of

higher densityCliques where everyone is

connected to everyone

Social capital links:bonding and bridging

An optimal arrangement?

Image: (Small-World) Networks as a new organizational paradigmhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/centralasian/8126066133/

Clusters, cliques andsmall worlds

Centrality

Degree

Closeness

Image: Box Office in the Filmhouse during EIFF 2013http://www.flickr.com/photos/edfilmfest/9114170371/

Betweenness

Weaker connections

Links to othercomponents of a network

Weak ties as bridges

Weak ties overcomingsocial fragmentation

Image: Lanyardshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/collylogic/8314870885/

Weak ties

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Cultural festivals andsocial network analysis

The application of a new frameworkDavid Jarman | @dsrjarman

Image: Fringe Office - Edinburgh 1998http://www.flickr.com/photos/35134960@N00/67285257 13