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HYDROCARBONS | MINERALS, METALS & CHEMICALS | INDUSTRIAL & INFRASTRUCTURE | POWER WATER & DEVELOPMENTS

INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS ON OFFSHORE FACILITIES

Ir. Mohd Hazman Che Ali P.Eng, MIEM, AFPMLead Instrumentation EngineerRanhill WorleyParsons

A typical offshore facility

Layers of Protection


Basic Process Control Systems Non-safety Process alarms

Operator Supervision

PREVENTIONSafety System

Safety Critical Process Alarms

MITIGATIONMechanical Mitigation Systems

Fire and Gas Systems

PLANT EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)

COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)

Process/EquipmentDesign











Each layer is independent in terms of operation












The failure of one layer does not affect the next












The failure of one layer does not affect the next

(*) Not preventing the hazardous event

Basic Process Control System

Basic Process Control System

Commonly known as: Distributed Control System (DCS)Plant Monitoring and Control System (PMCS)Process Automation System (PAS)Process Control System (PCS)Instrument Control System (ICS)

Primary tasks:performs basic process controlsgenerates non-safety process alarmsprovides operator’s process supervision and interface

Basic Process Control System: Basic components

Temperature Transmitter (TT)

Pressure Transmitter (PT)

Level Transmitter (LT)

Flow Transmitter (FT) Control Valve

I/O Modules, Processor Modules & HMI

Safety System

Safety System

Commonly known as: Emergency Shutdown System (ESD)Instrumented Protective System (IPS)Safety Instrumented System (SIS) (IEC 61508 / IEC 61511 terminology)Alarm and Shutdown System (ASD) (obsolete terminology)

FeaturesHighly reliable logic solvers Fail-safe and fault-tolerantLogic solvers using voting principle (e.g. 1oo2D, 2oo2, 2oo3)

Tasksgenerates safety critical process alarmsperforms process and equipment shutdown accordingto Process Cause & Effect Matrix

Safety System: Basic components

Safety System: Basic components

Field Transmitters (PZT, LZT, FZT, TZT)

Manual Pushbutton (Field)

Operator Pushbutton Station (Control Room)Actuated Ball Valves (SDV/BDV)

I/O Modules & Processor Modules

Pump (via prime mover)

Basic Process Control and Safety Systems in P&IDs

Fire and Gas System

Fire and Gas System (FGS)

Logic solver (PLC) very similar to Safety system

Detectors configured in voting arrangement by fire area2ooN voting (e.g. 2oo3, 2oo4, 2oo5 etc)Actions according to FGS Cause & Effect Matrix

Passive system – it doesn’t fight fire!

Detector location determined by Mapping exercise

Interfaced with Safety system for process and equipment shutdowns

Fire and Gas System (FGS): Basic components

Gas Detector (point)

Gas Detector (open path)

Flame detectorSmoke Detector

Toxic Gas Detector (H2S)

Catalytic Gas Detector (H2) Fire Breakglass

I/O Modules & Processor Modules

Fusible Plug Loop

Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA) System

Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA) System

Also known as GPA/PAPA or GPA/PA systemNote : GPA – General Platform Alarm

PAPA – Prepare to Abandon Platform Alarm

Configured as redundant independent systems (System A and System B) for optimum area coverage

Tasks:public address (public announcement)generates general alarm (visual and audible)interfaced with Telecom PABX (public addressing via telephone)

Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA) System: Basic components

Beacon

Speakers

Pushbutton

I/O Module, Amplifier and Tone Generator

Remote Access Panel

Audio Visual Aid (AVA) System

AVA System

Also known as Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) System

Consists of: Cameras (with or w/o microphones) - Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) featuresAudio-Video Monitor and controller keyboard for PTZ camera operationWasher tank unit (“wipers”) for outdoor cameras

Tasks:Continuous audible and visual monitoring of equipment conditionsEnvironmental and perimeter surveillanceEmergency events recordingProduce full motion video images, synchronized audio and video playback

AVA System: Basic components

AVA Camera with Water Tank Unit

I/O Modules & AVA Server

AVA Monitor

Telecommunication System

Telecommunication System: Basic components

Non-Directional Beacon (Aviation)

VHF-FM Marine &VHF-AM Aviation Antenna

Radio Beacon (RACON) for Marine

Ex-proof Telephone (outdoor unit)

Desk Telephone (indoor unit)

PABX & LANNetwork PCsVHF-FM Marine Radio Transceiver

What about Vendor (skid) packages?

Vendor packages

Nitrogen Generator System

Well Head Control Panel

Turbine Compressor Panel

Custody Transfer MeteringInstrument Air package Multiphase meter

Wet gas meter

Vendor packages

Nitrogen Generator System

Well Head Control Panel

Turbine Compressor Panel

Custody Transfer MeteringInstrument Air package Multiphase meter

Wet gas meter

Basic Process Control System &Safety System

In summary………

In summary

Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities

In summary


Process Related

In summary


Process Related Non-Process Related

In summary


Process Related(Shown in P&IDs) Non-Process Related

In summary


Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)

Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)

In summary




- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)

In summary





- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)

In summary






- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)

In summary







- Fire and Gas System (FGS)

In summary







- Fire and Gas System (FGS)- Public Address and General Alarm

(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)

In summary








(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)- Audio Visual Aid System

(AVA, CCTV)

In summary








(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)- Audio Visual Aid System

(AVA, CCTV)- Telecommunication System

How does the complete picture look like?

Instrumentation Overall System Block Diagram

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